Birds

A broad term that applies to all species of birds.

Birds are a group of endothermic vertebrates characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong, lightweight skeleton. With approximately ten thousand species, birds rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, with more than half of those being passerines.

Collision with wind turbine blades can kill birds, though the impact of individual deaths on the greater population varies greatly based on species. Research continues to explore mitigation such as operation limitations, siting location, and lighting selection. Bird collisions with offshore wind turbines present an additional challenge of being unable to count bodies to determine the scale of mortality. Marine renewable energy devices likely pose little threat to diving birds colliding with tidal turbines, or birds colliding with floating wave energy devices. Birds are classified in the following categories:

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Birds.

Total: 2812

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Assessing the Ecological and Social Impact of Wind Farms: A Comprehensive Study Rottbers, A. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Opportunities for enhancing biodiversity at wind and solar energy developments Jobson, B., Cook, A., Fletcher, C. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Reptiles, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement
Concurrent challenges for Switzerland: interfaces in climate action, biodiversity conservation, energy security and landscape preservation Brunner, C., Lordan-Perret, R., Cadelli, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Environmental impacts from large-scale offshore renewable-energy deployment Ouro, P., Fernandez, R., Armstrong, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Ornithological and Marine Mammal Baseline Characterisation Surveys for the POSEIDON project: October-December (Seasonal) Report – Central North Sea Young, S., Davitt, V. Report Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals
Winds of Progress: An In-Depth Exploration of Offshore, Floating, and Onshore Wind Turbines as Cornerstones for Sustainable Energy Generation and Environmental Stewardship Afridi, S. K., Koondhar, M. A., Jamali, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting Bats, Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
A framework for studying the effects of offshore wind energy development on birds and bats in the Eastern United States Williams, K., Gulka, J., Cook, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Tracking data highlight the importance of human-induced mortality for large migratory birds at a flyway scale Serratosa, J., Oppel, S., Rotics, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Assessing exposure to wind turbines of a migratory raptor through its annual life cycle across continents Assandri, G., Bazzi, G., Bermejo-Bermejo, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Raptors
Final Environmental Assessment for Additional Site Assessment Activities on Beacon Wind, LLC’s Renewable Energy Lease OCS-A 0527 Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Accounting for the Fraction of Carcasses Outside the Searched Area in the Estimation of Bird and Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities Dalthorp, D., Huso, M., Dalthorp, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
SEABIRD: System for Environmental Assessment of Bird/Bat Interactions with Real-time Detection Chang, G., Chevitarese, M., Kramer, S. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats, Birds
Data Fusion and Visualization Approaches to Achieving a Common Operating Picture During Offshore Wind Construction and Operation Works Doolittle, D., Eaton, R., Parslow, Marna Conference Paper Wind Energy Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Autonomous thermal tracking reveals spatiotemporal patterns of seabird activity relevant to interactions with floating offshore wind facilities Schneider, S., Kramer, S., Bernstein, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds
A new method for quantifying redistribution of seabirds within operational offshore wind farms finds no evidence of within-wind farm displacement Trinder, M., O'Brien, S., Deimel, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Lack of evasive behaviour by a Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus on impact with a turbine blade at a South African wind farm: causes and mitigations; Absence de comportement évasif d’un Aigle martial Polemaetus bellicosus lors de l’impact avec une pale Simmons, R., Martins, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
PrePARED – The First Two Years Bicknell, T., Booth, C., Butler, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals
Mapping the Way Forward: Spatial Data Inventory and Insights for Marine Planning in Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina Wright, J., Wright, M., Wilson, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Using juvenile movements as a proxy for adult habitat and space use in long-lived territorial species: a case study on the golden eagle Hemery, A., Duriez, O., Itty, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
A review on the interactions between engineering and marine life: key information for engineering professionals Dobson, T., Lenchine, V., Bainbridge, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Deep learning workflow to support in-flight processing of digital aerial imagery for wildlife population surveys Ke, T., Yu, S., Koneff, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Bat and Bird Data Analysis and Results Summary May 2021 to May 2023 Final Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds
Primary vs grey: A critical evaluation of literature sources used to assess the impacts of offshore wind farms Szostek, C., Edwards-Jones, A., Beaumont, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Offshore Wind Facts: Birds and Bats Special Initiative on Offshore Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds
Short Science Summary: Raptor Monitoring and Minimization Technologies WREN, Dempsey, L., Hein, C. Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
A three-dimensional model of terrain-induced updrafts for movement ecology studies Thedin, R., Brandes, D., Quon, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Bats, Birds
Drivers of flight altitude during nocturnal bird migration over the North Sea and implications for offshore wind energy Bradaric, M., Kranstauber, B., Bouten, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds
Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Report 2023 Magnus, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality
Modelling population-level impacts of wind farm collision risk on Welsh Red Kites Hereward, H., Macgregor, C., Gabb, O. Report Wind Energy Collision Birds, Raptors
Wozep Ecological Programme: Knowledge day Wozep/MONS 2024 Offshore Wind Ecological Programme (Wozep) Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Mapping seabird vulnerability to offshore wind farms in Norwegian waters Fauchald, P., Ollus, V., Ballesteros, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Prioritizing landscapes for mitigating the impacts of onshore wind farms on multidimensional waterbird diversity in the Yellow Sea Zhao, S., Xu, H., Wang, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Shorebirds
PrePARED Annual Report 2023 Marine Scotland, University of Aberdeen, SMRU Consulting Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals
What level of monitoring is enough to detect displacement effects of offshore wind farms? Hall, R., Black, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Offshore wind energy potential along the Indian Coast considering ecological safeguards Bonthu, S., Purvaja, R., Singh, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
The global impact of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services Watson, S., Somerfield, P., Lemasson, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2023-2024 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
A standardized protocol for assessing the performance of automatic detection systems used in onshore wind power plants to reduce avian mortality Ballester, C., Dupont, S., Corbeau, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Geese migrating over the Pacific Ocean select altitudes coinciding with offshore wind turbine blades Weiser, E., Overton, C., Douglas, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Waterfowl
New England Wind Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Displaying 281 - 320 of 2812 results