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Birds

Birds - Seagull
A broad term that applies to all species of birds.

Birds are a group of endothermic vertebrates characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong, lightweight skeleton. With approximately ten thousand species, birds rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, with more than half of those being passerines.

Collision with wind turbine blades can kill birds, though the impact of individual deaths on the greater population varies greatly based on species. Research continues to explore mitigation such as operation limitations, siting location, and lighting selection. Bird collisions with offshore wind turbines present an additional challenge of being unable to count bodies to determine the scale of mortality. Marine renewable energy devices likely pose little threat to diving birds colliding with tidal turbines, or birds colliding with floating wave energy devices. Birds are classified in the following categories:

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Birds.

Total: 2836

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
North Sea Energy Island - Birds Technical Report Petersen, I., Thomsen, H., Scott-Hayward, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Assessing the engineering, environmental and economic aspects of repowering onshore wind energy Ahmed, F., Foley, A., Dowds, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf, Offshore Oregon Final Environmental Assessment Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), US Army Corps of Engineers Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Flight behaviour of Red Kites within their breeding area in relation to local weather variables: Conclusions with regard to wind turbine collision mitigation Aschwanden, J., Stark, H., Liechti, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Maryland Offshore Wind Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries
Guidance for Pre- and Post-Construction Monitoring to Detect Changes in Marine Bird Distributions and Habitat Use Related to Offshore Wind Development Avian Displacement Guidance Committee Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement Birds
Collaboration for Environmental Mitigation and Nature Inclusive Design (CEMNID) Xodus Group, The Rich North Sea - De Rijke Noordzee Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Raptors and Land-Based Wind Energy in the United States ECO Wind, Dempsey, L., Watson, K. Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Preliminary study on the environmental effects of hydrogen production at sea Plantema, M., van Erp, C., Verweij, L. Report Chemicals, Noise Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Wind Energy: Technologies and Approaches to Help Address Environmental Effects United States Government Accountability Office Report Wind Energy Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
State of the Science: Compensatory Mitigation and Voluntary Conservation for Birds Goyert, H., Ellis, A., Wilson, D. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Oral Presentations: New Technologies Gallagher, K., Adolf, J., Landolt, K. Presentation Wind Energy Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Building Sustainable Offshore Wind Futures Through Collaborative Research Programs Savitsky, I., Shumchenia, E., Bland, K. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Entanglement Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Wildlife Survey Design and Analysis Palka, D., Macleod, K., Sigourney, D. Presentation Wind Energy Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Hydrodynamics and Ecosystem Linkages Raghukumar, K., van Duren, L., Booth, C. Presentation Wind Energy Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment
Perspectives on Collison Risk Cook, A., Miller, J., Vail-Muse, S. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Lightning Talks Cook-Ohryn, C., Hofstede, R., Bingham, M. Presentation Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Ecosystem Linkages and Forecasting Orphanides, C., Adams, E., Hirtle, N. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Implementing a Bird and Bat Tracking Research Framework with the RWSC Loring, P., Fuller, N., Harrison, A. Presentation Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Birds and Bats - Key Research Needs and Ongoing Activities Lamb, J., Forcey, G., Lyons, D. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Bats, Birds
Regional Wildlife Science Collaborative Science Plan Implementation in 2024 and Beyond Shumchenia, E., Brill, D., Barco, S. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Project WOW: Update on Project Results and Plans Nowacek, D. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Resource Equivalency Analysis: Quantifying Mitigation for Offshore Wind Projects Grigelis, P., Phillips-Hagedorn, M. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Compensatory Mitigation for Offshore Wind Baker, K. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Offshore Wind Energy Development and Compensatory Mitigation in the Northeast Region Vail-Muse, S. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Multi Sensor Wildlife Detection System (MUSE) Skov, H., Karlsson, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision Birds, Raptors, Seabirds
AB 525 Offshore Wind Strategic Plan Jones, M., Bartridge, J., Walker, L. Report Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Efficacy of non‐lead ammunition distribution programs to offset fatalities of golden eagles in southeast Wyoming Slabe, V., Crandall, R., Katzner, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
SCRAM 2: Transparent Modeling of Collision Risk for Three Federally Listed Bird Species in Relation to Offshore Wind Energy Development Goyert, H., Adams, A., Gilbert, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Impacts to Seabirds California Ocean Science Trust Summary Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
Potential environmental impacts of floating solar photovoltaic systems Benjamins, S., Williamson, B., Billing, S-L. Journal Article Attraction, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, EMF, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Understanding Potential Environmental Impacts with Existing Research California Ocean Science Trust Summary Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals
Fortsetzungsstudie Probabilistik - Das Raumnutzungs-Kollisionsrisikomodell (RKR-Modell) Mercker, M., Raab, R., Liesenjohann, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Black Terns (Chlidonias niger) beyond the breeding grounds: Occurrence, relative density, and habitat associations in the northern Gulf of Mexico Michael, P., Gleason, J., Haney, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
Global Review on Environmental Impacts of Onshore Wind Energy in the Field of Tension between Human Societies and Natural Systems Sander, L., Jung, C., Schindler, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Global Review on Environmental Impacts of Onshore Wind Energy and Their Implications for Forest Ecosystems Sander, L., Jung, C., Schindler, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Assessing environmental impacts of offshore wind farms: lessons learned and recommendations for the future [E3S] Rahman, F., Kumar, P. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Environmental Impact Assessment of Offshore Wind Farms in Deep Waters Alawady, A., Senthurya, S., Saritha, G. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals
Environmental impact of wind farms from a biodiversity perspective: A comparative study of terrestrial and marine wind farms Kończak, K. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Methodological Selection of Optimal Features for Object Classification Based on Stereovision System Tkaczyk, R., Madejski, G., Gradolewski, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds

Displaying 241 - 280 of 2836 results