Human Dimensions

Potential impacts on local communities, societies, and economies.

The development of wind energy and marine renewable energy projects will likely affect human activities both socially and economically. Evaluation of human perspectives, needs, and rights is necessary to ensure that the benefits of the project outweigh the cost to local communities, society, and the economy in addition to the natural environment. Common stakeholder concerns include loss of property value or annoyance due to visual impacts; changes access to fisheries or recreation; and loss of economic opportunity or livelihood. Conversely, potential benefits of the development of wind energy and marine renewable energy projects include the creation of new jobs, increased tourism, and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases.

Included in Human Dimensions are the following considerations: Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Life Cycle Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, and Visual Impacts.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Human Dimensions.

Total: 3828

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Development and application of an environmental risk register for marine energy device and project developers Freeman, M., Farr, H., Staines, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Human Dimensions
Evaluating environmental impacts and public preferences in offshore wind farm decommissioning Stranddorf, L., Ladenburg, J., Rönnblom, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment, Stakeholder Engagement
Transactional or transformative? Offshore wind developer perspectives on community benefit mechanisms in the United States Ruscetta, L., Korein, E., Miller, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Combining the cumulative impact and marine use conflict-synergy assessment for identifying priority potential conservation areas for estuarine spatial planning Zhu, Z., Zeng, C., Yang, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Current state of Environmental Reporting for the Renewables and Grid Sector Stefanoudis, P., Sheikh, N., Cook, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Pacific Marine Energy Center (PMEC) 2025 Year in Review Twedt, J. Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Offshore wind and aquaculture co-location: challenges and opportunities in US Federal Waters Couture, J., Jensen, B., Riley, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Offshore Wind and the Spatial Squeeze: A Plausible Future Layout for the North Sea Waldman, S., Munro, P., Gilmour, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Hidden movers in the wind farm: Functional stakeholders improving offshore wind development in Taiwan Chang, Y., Hung, Y-P., Hsu, T-Y. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
How risky is the development of Offshore Wind Farms on a Mediterranean island?A case study in Paros, Greece Skiniti, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
The Status of Marine Energy of Costa Rica: Challenges and Opportunities for Grid Integration Rojas-Morales, J., Vega-Sánchez, C., Guerrero-Fernández, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, OTEC, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Beyond yes and no: Clustering public perceptions of wave energy on the West Coast of the United States Stelmach, G., Boudet, H. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Evidence Review Note: Marine Historic Environment Offshore Wind Evidence Knowledge Hub Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Powering the Offshore Wind Future in Northern Japan: Opportunities and Recommendations Ocean Energy Pathway Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Potential of Edu-Ecotourism Based on OTEC Utilizing Indonesian Post-Operation Offshore Oil/Gas Facilities Muzhaffar, F.A., Mukhatasor, Satrio, D. Conference Paper Marine Energy, OTEC Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data
Marine Renewable Energy Sector Vision 2050 Marine Renewables Canada Report Marine Energy, Riverine, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
2025 UK Ocean Energy Review Grattan, K., Olsson, S., Noble, D. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Improving the evidence base for coexistence between offshore renewables and commercial fishing Harding, J., Boblin, E., Coyle, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement
R&D programs for wave energy in Spain: A contingent valuation application with multiple bounded uncertainty Cerda, E., López-Otero, X., Quiroga, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Three-dimensional spatial planning of collection systems in floating offshore wind farms: A two-stage optimization method Tao, S., Yang, J., Zheng, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Disruptive Innovation and Industrial Modernisation: Pathways to Securing Offshore Renewable Energy Supply Chain Competitiveness Grattan, K., Olsson, S., Noble, D. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Local Communities’ Perceptions of Offshore Wind Farms in Greece: Evidence From the Diapontian Islands Avrami, L., Kaminiaris, O., Mela, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
The Ocean Equity Index Blythe, J., Claudet, J., Gill, D. Journal Article Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Spatio-temporal dynamics of fish assemblages at an offshore wind farm and a comparison with mature artificial reefs Shao, K., Chang, C., Chen, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Enhancing Wind Farm Siting with the Combined Use of Multicriteria Decision-Making Methods Triantafyllidou, D., Vagiona, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Ocean renewable energy for equitable energy access in a Blue Economy Cisneros-Montemayor, A., Hirsch, S., Dillon, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
The Effects of Time and Exposure on Coastal Community Opinions on Multi-Use Offshore Installations Combining Fish Farms with Renewable Energy Generation Billing, S-L., Tett, P., Charalambides, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Comparative analysis of onshore, offshore, and floating wind turbines for renewable energy systems: A review Koondhar, M., Albsha, L., Mahmoud, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
The Effects of Time and Exposure on Coastal Community Opinions on Multi-Use Offshore Installations Combining Fish Farms with Renewable Energy Generation Billing, S-L., Tett, P., Charalambides, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Renewable Energy Deployments at Sea: Innovative Pathways and Challenges for Marine Renewable Energy in the Global Transition Xicotencatl-Pérez, J., Ruiz-Vanoye, J., Díaz-Parra, O. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions
10 Things to consider before approving another offshore wind farm: A case study for Highland, Scotland Goddijn-Murphy, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Human Dimensions
Evaluation of potential areas for offshore wind energy development in Mexico considering sustainability criteria Galvez J., Galvez, G., Hernandez-Escobedo, Q. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Geospatial analysis of the life cycle global warming impacts from marine renewables Engelfried, T., Alday, M., Raghavan, V. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Incorporating Indigenous perspectives: an impact assessment of renewable energy development on wildlife conservation Wang, Y., Sun, J., Meadows, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Fostering a just energy transition: A framework for policy design IRENA Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Strategic Compensatory Delivery Mechanism Legal Note: Seabird Predation Reduction Offshore Wind Industry Council (OWIC) Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Development of offshore wind energy in Poland—Opportunities and threats Kokorniak, A., Gabriel-Półrolniczak, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Environmental Effects Monitoring Program 2025 Annual Report Fundy Ocean Research Center for Energy (FORCE) Report Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Life Cycle Assessment of a Wave Cycloidal Rotor: Environmental Performance and Improvement Pathways Bastos, P., Arredondo-Galeana, A., Devoy-McAuliffe, F. Journal Article Wave Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Cutting Through the Red Tape For Green Offshore Energy Voparil, I. , Bennett, J. Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Displaying 1 - 40 of 3828 results