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Human Dimensions

Coastal community
Potential impacts on local communities, societies, and economies.

The development of wind energy and marine renewable energy projects will likely affect human activities both socially and economically. Evaluation of human perspectives, needs, and rights is necessary to ensure that the benefits of the project outweigh the cost to local communities, society, and the economy in addition to the natural environment. Common stakeholder concerns include loss of property value or annoyance due to visual impacts; changes access to fisheries or recreation; and loss of economic opportunity or livelihood. Conversely, potential benefits of the development of wind energy and marine renewable energy projects include the creation of new jobs, increased tourism, and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases.

Included in Human Dimensions are the following considerations: Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Life Cycle Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, and Visual Impacts.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Human Dimensions.

Total: 3923

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Community benefit agreement preferences for energy development offshore California, Oregon, and Washington: Insights from a choice-based conjoint experiment Taufiq, H., Stelmach, G., Rahman, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Development of offshore wind farms from an environmental perspective Gkeka-Serpetsidaki, P., Dimitriou, I., Poursanidis, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Identifying materials in tidal energy technology and their effects to human health, ecosystems, and resources: A life cycle assessment perspective Rueda-Bayona, J., Franco, V., Eras, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Health & Safety
How can an ecosystem approach support integrated management of marine renewable energy? An initial assessment from an environmental point of view Le Marchand, M., Hemery, L., Araignous, E. Journal Article Marine Energy Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
More than a box to check: the experience of state and federal wildlife regulators in the renewable energy development process Burch, C., Loraamm, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Localized and temporary vessel traffic changes from offshore wind development on the US East Coast pose limited risk to large whales Bishop, A., Meyer-Gutbrod, E., Nowacek, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Noise, Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Best practice guidance for the collection, management and analysis of data to support post-construction seabird collision monitoring at offshore wind farms Valantiejus, Ž., Boersch-Supan, P., Thaxter, C. Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Interactions between Offshore Wind Farms and Fisheries in European waters Cosgrove, R., Tray, E., Murphy, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Development and application of an environmental risk register for marine energy device and project developers Freeman, M., Farr, H., Staines, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Human Dimensions
Just Transition and Coastal Communities: Case studies of Orkney, North East Scotland and the Humber Estuary McCarron, A., Shapovalova, D., Potts, T. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Competition, conflict and consequences: Offshore geospatial planning for the energy transition Hamilton, R., Underhill, J. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Exploring the Social Acceptance of Offshore Wind Farms in Morocco Hanan, K., Nozomu, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
The Role of Environmental NGOs in the Renewable Energy–Environmental Interface Burch, C., Loraamm, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Wind Energy Dis- and Misinformation Wind Europe Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Global Wind Report 2026 Global Wind Energy Council Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
A Framework for Analysing and Improving Graduate Attributes and Employability in the Blue Economy Cossu, R., Adams, L., Pountney, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
International WaTERS: Summary of Findings and Lessons Learned Linklater, E., Mediavilla, D., Kemp, E. Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Life cycle assessment of wave energy: the Mutriku case study Lira, R., Güereca, L., Lekube, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Combining the cumulative impact and marine use conflict-synergy assessment for identifying priority potential conservation areas for estuarine spatial planning Zhu, Z., Zeng, C., Yang, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Evaluating environmental impacts and public preferences in offshore wind farm decommissioning Stranddorf, L., Ladenburg, J., Rönnblom, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment, Stakeholder Engagement
Transactional or transformative? Offshore wind developer perspectives on community benefit mechanisms in the United States Ruscetta, L., Korein, E., Miller, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Evaluating environmental impacts and public preferences in offshore wind farm decommissioning Stranddorf, L., Ladenburg, J., Rönnblom, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Life Cycle Assessment, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Environmental Policy and Risk Regulatory Framework for Sustainable Tidal Current Energy in China Guo, R., Liu, Z., Wei, H. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Offshore Energy and Environmental Research Ryu, S., Dempsey, L., Ampela, K. Summary Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions
Reimagining community-centered engagement to guide offshore wind planning and development Henderson, C., Duffy, K., Rose, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Effects of Onshore Wind Energy on Semi-Domesticated Reindeer WREN, Thant, Z., May, R. Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions
IEA-OES Annual Report: An Overview of Ocean Energy Activities in 2025 Ocean Energy Systems (OES) Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Assessing the Life Cycle Environmental Performance of Floating Wind Turbines Yildiz, N., Baniotopoulos, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Exploratory study on offshore aquaculture suitability and co-location with marine renewable energy in Portugal Costa, C. , Miranda, F., Clemente, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Health & Safety, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation
Modelling multi-use within selected OWF of the Dutch North Sea Schneider, L., Heye, S., Vilmin, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Offshore Renewable Energy Development on the West Coast: Understanding Effects on Shipping, Fisheries, and Maritime Activities National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Navigation
Current state of Environmental Reporting for the Renewables and Grid Sector Stefanoudis, P., Sheikh, N., Cook, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Ahoy, Matey! I've Harnessed the Wind: Turning Ocean Air into Renewable Wind Energy Ferguson, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Pacific Marine Energy Center (PMEC) 2025 Year in Review Twedt, J. Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Offshore Wind and the Spatial Squeeze: A Plausible Future Layout for the North Sea Waldman, S., Munro, P., Gilmour, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
A four-step path to nature-inclusive offshore wind and grids Offshore Coalition For Energy & Nature (OCEaN) Guidance Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Offshore wind and aquaculture co-location: challenges and opportunities in US Federal Waters Couture, J., Jensen, B., Riley, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
From sea basins to projects: Process harmonization for better environmental monitoring Offshore Coalition For Energy & Nature (OCEaN) Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Offshore Wind for Coastal Development Socio-Economic Impact Study Global Wind Energy Council Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
GINGR Annual Report 2025 Global Initiative for Nature, Grids and Renewables (GINGR) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning

Displaying 1 - 40 of 3923 results