Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind and marine renewable energy, supporting the OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.

Searches title, abstract, authors, and organization.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Oceanographic HF Radar Data Preservation in Wind Turbine Trockel, J.; Trockel, D.; Whelan, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Navigation
Spatio-temporal evolution and engineering implications of biofouling communities on floating wind turbines mooring lines Dubois, A.; Schoefs, F.; Cognie, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates
Gender-based ocean uses and values: Implications for marine spatial planning Meyer, A.; Scherer, M.; Balderamos, J.; et al. Journal Article Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
A marine energy and ecosystem service framework for coastal communities Buenau, K.; Sather, N.; Arkema, K. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions
A flexible framework for species based regional cumulative effects assessments to support offshore wind energy planning and management Ferguson, M.; Williams, K.; Goodale, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Assessing the availability and feasibility of renewable energy on the Great Barrier Reef-Australia Virah-Sawmy, D.; Sturmberg, B.; Harrison, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
From subsea power cable to small-spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula - Behavioural effects of electromagnetic fields in tank experiments Hermans, A.; Maris, T.; Hubert, J.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Short and long-term exposure of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) to an aluminum salt and to the cocktail of elements released by galvanic anode cathodic protection (GACP): impact on survival, growth, reproduction and behavior Blanc-Legendre, M.; Gosselin, T.; Caplat, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Fish, Demersal Fish
Physiological and behavioral effects of underwater noise on the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and the blackhead seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) Wang, Z.; Jin, R.; Xu, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Fish
Coupling metal concentrations and drift simulations for tracing emissions from offshore wind farms Ebeling, A.; Wippermann, D.; Zimmermann, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment
Knowledge is power? Information, partisan cleavages, and support for energy infrastructure Struthers, C.; Cha, M.; Brown, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Transport mechanisms of particulate emissions from artificial marine structures Czerner, N.; Windt, C.; Goseberg, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Physical Environment, Water Quality
Effects and management implications of emerging marine renewable energy technologies Copping, A.; Wood, D.; Rumes, B.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, OTEC, Salinity Gradient Chemicals, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Changes in Oceanographic Systems Evidence Base OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Changes in Flow
Entanglement Evidence Base OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Entanglement
Underwater Noise Evidence Base OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy Noise
Displacement Evidence Base OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy Displacement
Electromagnetic Fields Evidence Base OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy EMF
Habitat Change Evidence Base OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy Habitat Change
Collision Risk Evidence Base OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Riverine, Tidal Collision
Stressor-Specific Guidance Document: Electromagnetic Fields OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy EMF
Stressor-Specific Guidance Document: Underwater Noise OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy Noise
Stressor-Specific Guidance Document: Habitat Change OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy Habitat Change
Stressor-Specific Guidance Document: Oceanographic Systems OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy Changes in Flow
Stressor-Specific Guidance Document: Collision Risk OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy Collision
Marine Renewable Energy: An Introduction to Environmental Effects OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Stressor-Specific Guidance Document: Entanglement OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy Entanglement
Underwater Noise Conflict Resolution: Framework Report Xodus Group Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
How do tides affect underwater acoustic propagation? A collaborative approach to improve internal wave modeling at basin to global scales Schönau, M.; Hiron, L.; Ragland, J.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Noise
An egg case study: chronic exposure to AC electromagnetic fields results in hyperactivity in thornback ray (Raja clavata L.) embryos Hermans, A.; Maas, D.; Neta, L.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Offshore Wind Energy: Actions Needed to Address Gaps in Interior's Oversight of Development Rusco, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Towards more accurate sound field verification using directional acoustic filtering Barosin, E. ; Raghukumar, K. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Noise
Potential environmental impacts of marine renewable energy due to the release of microplastic particles from synthetic mooring cables Paredes, G.; Vianello, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
Chemical emissions from offshore wind farms: From identification to challenges in impact assessment and regulation Hengstmann, E.; Corella, P.; Alter, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Pile driving sound induces short-term behavioral changes in black sea bass (Centropristis striata): A field study Jarriel, S.; Jézéquel, Y.; Formel, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish
Exploring development of spatially stratified wind turbine collision risk prior distributions for eagles: An application of adaptive management Howell, P.; New, L.; Bjerre, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Predicting risk to bat species from wind turbine collision in Southeast Asia Crane, M.; Silvia, I.; Grainger, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
What is the value of innovative offshore renewable energy deployment to the UK economy? [2025 Update] Noble, D.; Grattan, K.; Jeffrey, H. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Tidal Stream Energy Project: Collision Risk Data and Evidence Summary Phillips, E.; Wren, S.; King, G.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Towards biologically realistic estimates of home range and spatial exposure for colonial animals Niven, H.; Jeglinski, J.; Aarts, G; et al. Journal Article Birds, Seabirds
Sustainability Assessment of an Oscillating Water Column During the Design, Installation, Operation, and Disassembly Phases Gallego-Ramírez, C.; López-Mosquera, J.; Chica, E.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
IEA-OES Annual Report: An Overview of Ocean Energy Activities in 2024 Ocean Energy Systems (OES) Report Marine Energy, OTEC, Tidal, Wave Human Dimensions
Sea Space Analysis for Wave and Tidal Energy Lee, S.; Strong, V.; Anning, D.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Wave energy technology development in Ireland: Employing the triple helix model of innovation for pragmatic policy interventions Barry, C.; Ringwood, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Offshore Wind Energy in Canada: Charting an Ecologically Sustainable Future from International Law and Policy Coordinates and State Practices Alikhani, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Noise Bats, Birds
Effect size as a measure of biological relevance for offshore wind impact studies Methratta, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
The evolution of equity in offshore renewable energy: A systematic literature review Tighsazzadeh, M.; Doyon, A.; Hirsch, S.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Multicriteria models provide enhanced insight for siting US offshore wind Santarromana, R.; Abdulla, A.; Morgan, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Marine Renewable Energy Resources in Peru: A Sustainable Blue Energy for Explore and Develop Cacciuttolo, C.; Pérez, G.; Falcón, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Cognitive neuroscience approach to explore the impact of wind turbine noise on various mental functions Rosciszewska, A.; Buszkiewicz, M.; Dobrzynska-Kobylec, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Human Dimensions

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