Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Total results: 3682
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Strategic Environmental Assessment and the precautionary principle in the spatial planning of wind farms – European experience in Serbia Josimović, B., Cvjetić, A., Furundžić, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy
Vulnerability of northern gannets to offshore wind farms; seasonal and sex-specific collision risk and demographic consequences Lane, J., Jeavons, R., Deakin, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
A spatial food web model to investigate potential spillover effects of a fishery closure in an offshore wind farm Halouani, G., Villanueva, C-M., Raoux, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Beyond the beach: Tradeoffs in tourism and recreation at the first offshore wind farm in the United States Smythe, T., Bidwell, D., Moore, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism
Public preferences for wind farms involving electricity trade and citizen engagement in Ireland Brennan, N., Van Rensburg, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values Copping, A., Gorton, A., May, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Cumulative effects of marine renewable energy and climate change on ecosystem properties: Sensitivity of ecological network analysis Noguès, Q., Raoux, A., Araignous, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Fish, Human Dimensions, Climate Change
Accelerating Energy Innovation for the Blue Economy The Economist Intelligence Unit Report Marine Energy, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
The regional economic impacts of offshore wind energy developments in Scotland Connolly, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Assessing land use and potential conflict in solar and onshore wind energy in Japan Obane, H., Nagai, Y., Asano, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
PelagiCam: a novel underwater imaging system with computer vision for semi-automated monitoring of mobile marine fauna at offshore structures Sheehan, E., Bridger, D., Nancollas, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates
Low-carbon lock-in? Exploring transformative innovation policy and offshore wind energy pathways in the Netherlands van der Loos, A., Negro, S., Hekkert, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Levelised cost of energy, A challenge for offshore wind Johnston, B., Foley, A., Doran, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
A survey of the visual impact and community acceptance of wind farms in Australia Lothian, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Being a Better Neighbor: A Value-Based Perspective on Negotiating Acceptability of Locally-Owned Wind Projects van der Waal, E., van der Windt, H., Botma, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data
Roe deer stress response to a wind farms: Methodological and practical implications Klich, D., Lopucki, R., Scibior, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Terrestrial Mammals
Are Bat Activity and Mortality Best Predicted by Weather Measured On-Site or at Off-Site Regional Airports? Good, R., Iskali, G., Clark, R. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Collision Bats
Associations of Synoptic Weather Conditions With Nocturnal Bird Migration Over the North Sea Manola, I., Bradaric, M., Groenland, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Birds
The “Green on Green” Conflict in Wind Energy Development: A Case Study of Environmentally Conscious Individuals in Oklahoma, USA Burch, C., Loraamm, R., Gliedt, T. Journal Article Wind Energy
Limited accessibility and bias in wildlife-wind energy knowledge: A bilingual systematic review of a globally distributed bird group Fernandez-Bellon, D. Wind Energy Birds, Raptors
A Scheimpflug lidar used to observe insect swarming at a wind turbine Jansson, S., Malmqvist, E., Brydegaard, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction Bats, Invertebrates
Risk-based maintenance planning of offshore wind turbine farms Yeter, B., Garbatov, Y., Soares, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Information value-based optimization of structural and environmental monitoring for offshore wind turbines support structures Long, L., Mai, Q., Morato, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Effects of marine noise pollution on Mediterranean fishes and invertebrates: A review Di Franco, E., Pierson, P., Di lorio, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates
Characterization of alloying components in galvanic anodes as potential environmental tracers for heavy metal emissions from offshore wind structures Reese, A., Voigt, N., Zimmermann, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Chemicals
Research on the social acceptance of renewable energy technologies: Past, present and future Batel, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Highlighting the need to embed circular economy in low carbon infrastructure decommissioning: The case of offshore wind Jensen, P., Purnell, P., Velenturf, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Recreational boaters’ preferences for boating trips associated with offshore wind farms in US waters Dalton, T., Weir, M., Calianos,A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Optimizing wind energy conversion efficiency with respect to noise: A study on multi-criteria wind farm layout design Cao, J., Zhu, W., Shen, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Scale, history and justice in community wind energy: An empirical review Baxter, J., Walker, C., Ellis, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Assessing the exposure of three diving bird species to offshore wind areas on the U.S. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf using satellite telemetry Stenhouse, I., Berlin, A., Gilbert, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Integrating social and ecological research on the impacts of offshore wind farms in North America ten Brink, T., Dalton, T., Livermore, J. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data
Optimizing the visual impact of onshore wind farms upon the landscapes - Comparing recent planning approaches in China and Germany Guan, J. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Offshore multi-purpose platforms for a Blue Growth: A technological, environmental and socio-economic review Abhinav, K., Collu, M., Benjamins, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
How to model social-ecological systems? – A case study on the effects of a future offshore wind farm on the local society and ecosystem, and whether social compensation matters Haraldsson, M., Raoux, A., Riera, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Advancing Offshore Wind Energy in the U.S Christopher, T., Davis, M., Flemma, J. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Stakeholder Benefits and Concerns Emery, C., Casali, L., Severy, M. Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
The effect of offshore wind power projects on recreational beach use on the east coast of the United States: Evidence from contingent-behavior data Parsons, G., Firestone, J., Yan, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts
Worth a thousand words: Presenting wind turbines in virtual reality reveals new opportunities for social acceptance and visualization research Cranmer, A., Ericson, J., Ebers Broughel, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Existing Conditions and Potential Environmental Effects HT Harvey and Associates Report Wind Energy, Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entrapment, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Terrestrial Mammals
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