Land-Based Wind

Capturing energy from onshore wind.

Land-based wind energy technologies harness kinetic energy from the wind to generate electricity. While wind energy is very abundant in many parts of the world, wind resource development may compete with other land uses and have the potential to negatively impact birds and bats, terrestrial mammals, and the physical environment overall.

The greatest environmental concern with land-based wind is collision risk for birds and bats. The construction and maintenance process can alter the physical environment by destroying or fragmenting key habitats. There are also concerns about noise and visual impacts to both the environment and people. Effects of transmission lines are also a consideration as they produce an electromagnetic field that may be harmful to some organisms. Additionally, changes in flow may also be a concern, with large wind farms potentially causing large-scale atmospheric changes.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Land-Based Wind.

Total: 2221

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Effects of Onshore Wind Energy on Semi-Domesticated Reindeer WREN, Thant, Z., May, R. Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions
Song flight and 3D thermal detection provide evidence for bat attraction to wind turbines in Central Europe Nagy, M., Hochradel, K., Haushalter, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Movement Models to Predict Low-Altitude Flight of Soaring Birds Using Look-Ahead Environmental Factors Sandhu, R., Tripp, C., Quon, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
A four-step path to nature-inclusive offshore wind and grids Offshore Coalition For Energy & Nature (OCEaN) Guidance Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Hierarchical mixture models and high-resolution monitoring data can inform siting and operational strategies to mitigate bat fatalities at wind turbines Labuzzetta, C., Johnson, A., Andress, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
2025 REWI Technology Catalog Portfolio Renewable Energy Wildlife Institute (REWI) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Long-Term Decline in Bird Collisions at Operational Wind Farms: Evidence from Systematic Monitoring to Support Sustainable Wind Energy Development (2010–2024) Yordanov, N., Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Enhancing Wind Farm Siting with the Combined Use of Multicriteria Decision-Making Methods Triantafyllidou, D., Vagiona, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Comparative analysis of onshore, offshore, and floating wind turbines for renewable energy systems: A review Koondhar, M., Albsha, L., Mahmoud, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Bird and bat mortality at wind farms in South America: Lessons from monitoring and mitigation practices in Chile Santander, F., Morant, J., Perez-Garcia, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Interaction between wind turbine wakes and sand transport in a wind-sand environment Ma, G., Zheng, Q., Li, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
The occurrence and breeding success of Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata and Black-throated Loon Gavia arctica in the vicinity of land-based wind turbines Eriksson, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds
System Dynamics And Performance Prediction Of A Wind-Powered Acoustic Bird Deterrent System Ufuouma, O., Ekenna, E., Maxwell, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Environmental licensing of wind farms in the Global North and South: A review of guidelines and new proposals Santos, V., Cavalcante, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Winds of fortune? Understanding the geographic, sociodemographic, and temporal distribution of benefit mechanisms from land-based wind projects in the United States Kreider, M., Brush, C., Iyer, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Land use impacts the environmental benefits of wind energy farms in China Xu, K., Zhu, H., Zhang, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Managing the effects of offshore wind farm noise on marine animals: Lessons learned after 25 years of research in Europe and beyond Thomsen, F. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Testing a bat fatality detection system at wind turbines Weaver, S., Ritter, J., Commiskey, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
The Wind of Change: Mapping Wind Energy Growth and Multi-Species Vulnerability in Sardinia, Mediterranean Costantino, C., Cerri, J., Fozzi, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Understanding the spatial distribution of renewable power plants for predicting future cumulative impact on the environment: case study of photovoltaic and wind power plants in Poland Pelczar, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Powering a Nature-Positive Future A Renewable Energy Roadmap Sarkar, M., Allinson, T., Asante-Owusu, R. Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
New frontiers in wind-wildlife monitoring systems Dempsey, L., Clerc, J., Hein, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
The collision risk of migrating birds at wind farms: Final report VolZug project Liedtke, J., Bruneaux, M., Girndt, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Lighting Birds
The emerging need for ecosystem restoration to mitigate the impacts of onshore wind energy Seifert, S., Graae, B., Hagen, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Biodiversity biases in research and practice: Lessons from the Irish onshore wind sector King, E., Gorman, C., Stout, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions
Wind Energy Interactions with Wildlife Answers to Frequently Asked Questions Based on the State of the Science Renewable Energy Wildlife Institute (REWI) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Noise Bats, Birds
3rd Edition: Summary of Bird Fatality Monitoring Data Contained in AWWIC Schauber, E., Butryn, R., Felton, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Harnessing AI for Bat Videography Research and Conservation Corcoran, A. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Population-level impacts of wind energy for two fruit bat species in South Africa Aronson, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Terrestrial Mammals
Accelerating technology development to monitor and minimize effects from land-based wind energy on birds and bats Gottlieb, I., Hein, C., Field, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Bird Survival in Wind Farms by Monte-Carlo Simulation Modelling Based on Wide-Ranging Flight Tracking Data of Multiple Birds During Different Seasons Yordanov, N., Nabielek, H., Bedev, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Bird collision risk at the interface of solar and wind farms – a cumulative effect? Oglęcki, P., Dąbrowski, P., Gnatowski, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Migratory Strategy is a Key Factor Driving Interactions at Wind Energy Facilities in At-Risk North American Bats Campbell, C., Nelson, D., Nagel, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Unravelling the relationship between digitalisation and sustainable energy transitions using socio-technical-ecological scripts Schmidt-Scheele, R., Mattes, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Benefits or bribes? Ethical concerns with the potential corruption of civic obligations through community benefits schemes for wind farms Breakey, H., Bossi, L., Marshallsay, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
High-frequency and high-amplitude sounds enhance bird deterrence Dong, Z., Tan, K., Ma, H-B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Birds
Systematic Review of Crop Pests in the Diets of Four Bat Species Found as Wind Turbine Fatalities Hale, A., Foo, C., Lloyd, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats
Green energy's sweet surprise: unraveling the hidden links between wind farms and honey production Yıldız, M., Bilgic, A., Demir, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
A case study on the feasibility and optimization of wind farm deployment in India Agarwal, L., Manisha, Arya, Y. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Detection of management events at wind turbines Harendt, S., Bruns, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Displaying 1 - 40 of 2221 results