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Birds

Birds - Seagull
A broad term that applies to all species of birds.

Birds are a group of endothermic vertebrates characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong, lightweight skeleton. With approximately ten thousand species, birds rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, with more than half of those being passerines.

Collision with wind turbine blades can kill birds, though the impact of individual deaths on the greater population varies greatly based on species. Research continues to explore mitigation such as operation limitations, siting location, and lighting selection. Bird collisions with offshore wind turbines present an additional challenge of being unable to count bodies to determine the scale of mortality. Marine renewable energy devices likely pose little threat to diving birds colliding with tidal turbines, or birds colliding with floating wave energy devices. Birds are classified in the following categories:

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Birds.

Total: 2901

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Assessing the effects of tidal stream marine renewable energy on seabirds: A conceptual framework Isaksson, N., Masden, E., Williamson, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Sex-specific effects of wind on the flight decisions of a sexually dimorphic soaring bird Clay, T., Joo, R., Weimerskirch, H. Journal Article Birds, Seabirds
Resource selection of apex raptors: implications for siting energy development in sagebrush and prairie ecosystems Squires, J., Olson, L., Wallace, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Fifth Interim Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
How to strive for balance of coastal wind energy development with waterbird conservation in the important coastal wetlands, a case study in the Chongming Islands of East China Li, B., Yuan, X., Chen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Displacement Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Testing and Evaluation of "SafeWind" A Bird Protection System Soni, B., Loske, K., Lackmann, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Comparison of Environmental Effects from Different Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations Horwath, S., Hassrick, J., Grismala, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Reptiles
Final Report on the Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Birds in the Region of Kaliakra, Bulgaria (Activity 3) Schindler, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Identifying areas of wetland and wind turbine overlap in the south-central Great Plains of North America Heintzman, L., Auerbach, E., Kilborn, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Attributing seabirds at sea to appropriate breeding colonies and populations Butler, A., Carroll, M., Searle, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Improving estimates of seabird body mass survival relationships Daunt, F., Fang, Z., Howells, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Scoping Study: Regional Population Viability Analysis for Key Bird Species CR/2016/16 Searle, K., Butler, A., Bogdanova, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Paint it black: Efficacy of increased wind turbine rotor blade visibility to reduce avian fatalities May, R., Nygård, T., Falkdalen, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Waterfowl
Telemetry reveals strong effects of offshore wind farms on behaviour and habitat use of common guillemots (Uria aalge) during the breeding season Peschko, V., Mercker, M., Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
On a collision course? The large diversity of birds killed by wind turbines in South Africa Perold, V., Ralston-Paton, S., Ryan, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
SAINT-NAZAIRE Bilan environnemental annuel 2020 Parc éolien en mer de Saint-Nazaire Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals
Unpacking the eagle collision risk model: practical guidance for wind energy Evans, M., Sporer, M., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Sex- but not age-biased wind turbine collision mortality in the White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla Heuck, C., Herrmann, C., Wendt, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Dogs detect larger wind energy effects on bats and birds Smallwood, K., Bell, D., Standish, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Changes in bird species composition after a wind farm installation: A case study in South America Justo Falavigna, T., Pereira, D., Lara Rippel, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions
Wind Turbine Interactions with Wildlife and Their Habitats: A Summary of Research Results and Priority Questions (2020 Update) American Wind Wildlife Institute (AWWI) Report Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Mortality limits used in wind energy impact assessment underestimate impacts of wind farms on bird populations Schippers, P., Buij, R., Schotman, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Greater Sage-Grouse Response to the Physical Footprint of Energy Development Kirol, C., Smith, K., Graf, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Monitoring of spring bird migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2020 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Black Harriers and Wind Energy: Guidelines for impact assessment, monitoring and mitigation Simmons, R., Ralston-Paton, S., Colyn, R. Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Using stated preference valuation in the offshore environment to support marine planning Börger, T., Hooper, T., Austen, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Impact of wind energy development on birds and bats: the case of Adama wind farm, Central Ethiopia Tesfahunegny, W., Datiko, D., Wale, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Wind, sun, and wildlife: do wind and solar energy development "short-circuit" conservation in the western United States? Agha, M., Lovich, J., Ennen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Wing-Beat Frequency and Its Acoustics in Birds and Bats Boonman, A., Yovel, Y., Eitan, O. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds
High-Resolution Modeling of Uplift Landscapes can Inform Micrositing of Wind Turbines for Soaring Raptors Hanssen, F., May, R., Nygård, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Quantifying the differences in avian attack rates on reptiles between an infrastructure and a control site Law, C., Lancaster, L., Hall, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Reptiles
Integrating Wind Turbines and Fish Farms: An Evaluation of Potential Risks to Marine and Coastal Bird Species Benjamins, S., Masden, E., Collu, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Deep learning–based automatic bird identification system for offshore wind farms Niemi, J., Tanttu, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Methodology for calculating the number of migratory birds in the territory of the wind farms of the Azov region using information and communication technology Yeremieiev, V., Osadchyi, V., Siokhin, V. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Assessing the spatial distribution of avian collision risks at wind turbine structures in Brandenburg, Germany Bose, A., Durr, T., Klenke, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Assessing Cumulative Exposure of Northern Gannets to Offshore Wind Farms Goodale, M., Milman, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Effects of wind energy production on a threatened species, the Bicknell's Thrush Catharus bicknelli, with and without mitigation Lemaître, J., Lamarre, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Passerines
Prediction and measurement of high intensity bird migration using meteorological radar data in Eemshaven windpark Shinneman, S., van Loon, E., Wijers, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Annual environmental report 2019 – Belwind Belwind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Guidelines for Providing Avian Survey Information for Renewable Energy Development on the Outer Continental Shelf Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy

Displaying 1001 - 1040 of 2901 results