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Birds

Birds - Seagull
A broad term that applies to all species of birds.

Birds are a group of endothermic vertebrates characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong, lightweight skeleton. With approximately ten thousand species, birds rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, with more than half of those being passerines.

Collision with wind turbine blades can kill birds, though the impact of individual deaths on the greater population varies greatly based on species. Research continues to explore mitigation such as operation limitations, siting location, and lighting selection. Bird collisions with offshore wind turbines present an additional challenge of being unable to count bodies to determine the scale of mortality. Marine renewable energy devices likely pose little threat to diving birds colliding with tidal turbines, or birds colliding with floating wave energy devices. Birds are classified in the following categories:

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Birds.

Total: 2836

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Ecological impact of decommissioning offshore wind farms Teunis, M., Collier, M., Bakker, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Predicting strike susceptibility and collision patterns of the common buzzard at wind turbine structures in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany Bose, A., Durr, T., Klenke, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Wind energy development and wildlife conservation in Lithuania: A mapping tool for conflict assessment Morkune, R., Marčiukaitis, M., Jurkin, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Bats, Birds
Impacts of climate change on seabirds, relevant to the coastal and marine environment around the UK Mitchell, I., Daunt, F., Frederiksen, M. Report Marine Energy Birds, Seabirds
Identifying important at-sea areas for seabirds using species distribution models and hotspot mapping Cleasby, I., Owen, E., Wilson, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Ecological costs of climate change on marine predator–prey population distributions by 2050 Sadykova, D., Scott, B., De Dominicis, M. Journal Article Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Seasonal Difference in Carcass Persistence Rates at Wind Farms with Snow, Hokkaido, Japan Kitano, M., Ino, M., Smallwood, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Better linking effects of offshore windfarms on black-legged kittiwakes to populations Black, J., Ruffino, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Machine learning applied to wind turbine blades impact detection Hu, C., Albertani, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Developments in understanding of red-throated diver responses to offshore wind farms in marine Special Protection Areas Allen, S., Banks, A., Caldow, R. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Waterfowl
Impactos ambientales de los parques eólicos y líneas de transmisión de energía sobre la biodiversidad de áreas protegidas del departamento de la Guajira-Colombia Garavito-Terrez, L Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Mise en oeuvre du suivi des colonies d’oiseaux nicheurs à proximité de la zone d’implantation (Mesure de Suivi 4) Février, Y. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Empirical Evidence Inspiring Priority Monitoring, Research and Management Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Summary of Activities and the Results of Ornithological Monitoring in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, 2019 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Wind turbines cause functional habitat loss for migratory soaring birds Marques, A.,, Santos, C., Hanssen, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Raptors
Red-throated Diver Energetics Project: Preliminary Results from 2018/19 Duckworth, J., Green, J., Daunt, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Environmental Effects Monitoring Program Annual Report 2019 Fundy Ocean Research Center for Energy (FORCE) Report Marine Energy, Tidal Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Guía de buenas prácticas para el desarrollo eólico en Argentina: Gestión de impactos de aves y murciélagos Ministerio de Hacienda de Argentina Guidance Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Eagle Conservation Plan for the Goodnoe Hills Wind Facility Klickitat County, Washington Western Ecosystems Technology Inc (WEST) Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Development of a 'Seabird Sensitivity Mapping Tool for Scotland’ Searle, K., Butler, A., Mobbs, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Draft Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy consultation APS Group Scotland Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Kiyikoy Wind Power Plant Capacity Extension Biodiversity Action Plan (Bap) Alenka Enerji Uretim ve Yatirim A.Ş., GEM Sustainability Services and Consultancy Inc. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Invertebrates, Reptiles, Terrestrial Mammals
Energía eólica: Compartiendo el espacio aéreo con las aves Lopreiato, M.S., Roesler, C.I. Journal Article Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Better estimates of collision mortality to black-legged kittiwakes at offshore windfarms Black, J., Cook, A., Anderson, O. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Wind turbine noise limits propagation of greater prairiechicken boom chorus, but does it matter? Whalen, C., Brown, M., McGee, J. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Investigating the foraging ecology of black guillemots Cepphus grylle in relation to tidal stream turbines and marine protected areas Johnston, D. Thesis Marine Energy, Tidal Birds, Seabirds
Avian vulnerability to wind farm collision through the year: insights from Lesser Black-backed Gulls (Larus fuscus) tracked from multiple breeding colonies Thaxter, C., Ross-Smith, V., Bouten, W. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Green Electricity Corridors in Europe: Integrated Vegetation Management (IVM): Status, roadblocks, and ways forward Ecofirst, Renewables Grid Initiative Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Monitoring of the migration of birds through the territory of the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Аutumn 2019 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
B-Finder System: 24 Month Test Report for T-Series Przybycin, P., Przybycin, M., Przybycin, J. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Spatial and temporal distribution of different age classes of seabirds in the North Sea Potiek, A., Vanermen, N., Middelveld, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Project Environmental Monitoring Plan: Kincardine Offshore Windfarm Project October 2019 Kincardine Offshore Wind Ltd Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Collision risk of Montagu's Harriers Circus pygargus with wind turbines derived from high‐resolution GPS tracking Schaub, T., Klaassen, R., Bouten, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Breeding home range movements of pre-fledged brolga chicks, Antigone rubicunda (Gruidae) in Victoria, Australia – Implications for wind farm planning and conservation Cook, S., Palmer, G., Hill, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Validation of a bird radar system: A guidance document Beuker, D., Bravo Rebolledo, E., Gyimesi, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Monitoring of spring bird migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2019 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
A long‐term assessment of raptor displacement at a wind farm Dohm, R., Jennelle, C., Garvin, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Raptors
Effects of wind turbine noise on the surrounding soundscape in the context of greater-prairie chicken courtship vocalizations Whalen, C., Brown, M., McGee, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Monitoring radar performance data collection and data quality Leemans, J., Gyimesi, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Matches and Mismatches Between Seabird Distributions Estimated From At-Sea Surveys and Concurrent Individual-Level Tracking Carroll, M., Wakefield, E., Scragg, E. Journal Article Birds, Seabirds

Displaying 1041 - 1080 of 2836 results