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Birds

Birds - Seagull
A broad term that applies to all species of birds.

Birds are a group of endothermic vertebrates characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong, lightweight skeleton. With approximately ten thousand species, birds rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, with more than half of those being passerines.

Collision with wind turbine blades can kill birds, though the impact of individual deaths on the greater population varies greatly based on species. Research continues to explore mitigation such as operation limitations, siting location, and lighting selection. Bird collisions with offshore wind turbines present an additional challenge of being unable to count bodies to determine the scale of mortality. Marine renewable energy devices likely pose little threat to diving birds colliding with tidal turbines, or birds colliding with floating wave energy devices. Birds are classified in the following categories:

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Birds.

Total: 2948

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Responses of dispersing GPS-tagged Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) to multiple wind farms across Scotland Fielding, A., Anderson, D., Benn, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
A Survey of Sex Ratios of Raptors at a Rescue Center in China Yang, L., Zhou, B., Huang, X. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Environmental Studies Program: Studies Development Plan 2022-2023 Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
On the radar: Weather, bird migration and aeroconservation over the North Sea Bradaric, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Monthly Report (Year 2): September II 2021 Arundale, M., Warford, S., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Birds, Marine Mammals
MultiRadar: Bird protection zones in the vicinity of wind turbines using multi-radar technology Jochen, M., Mälzer, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds
Real-Time Bird Detection and Collision Risk Control in Wind Farms Georgiev, M., Zehtindjiev, P. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Current challenges and prospects of wind energy in Belarus Novikau, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Offshore Wind Evidence and Change Programme: Annual Report 2021 The Crown Estate Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy
Comparison of the Home Ranges of Mountain Hawk-Eagles During Different Phases of Wind Farm Construction Nishibayashi, N., Kitamura, W., Yoshizaki, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance Birds, Raptors
Bat and Bird Data Analysis and Results Summary: Progress Report #1 Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy Noise Bats, Birds
Environmental Data Catalog for the Humboldt Wind Energy Area Johnson, C., Currier, C., Howar, J. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
The Effect of Sound on Bird Behaviour Application in Wind Farms Georgiev, M., Marinov, M., Zehtindjiev, P. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Noise Birds, Passerines
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Monthly Report (Year 2): September I 2021 Arundale, M., Warford, S., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Songbird Behavior and Conservation in the Anthropocene Proppe, D. Book Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Environmental Effects Monitoring Program Annual Report 2021 Fundy Ocean Research Center for Energy (FORCE) Report Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates
Bilan annuel 2021 des études environnementales sur le parc éolien en mer de Saint-Nazaire Parc éolien en mer de Saint-Nazaire Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Biological Consequences of Marine Energy Development on Marine Animals Hemery, L., Copping, A., Overhus, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Individual-based model lesser black-backed gulls in the Netherlands van Bemmelen, R., Soudijn, F., Benden, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Birds not in flight: using camera traps to observe ground use of birds at a wind-energy facility Puffer, S., Tennant, L., Lovich, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Bird Displacement by Wind Turbines: Assessing Current Knowledge and Recommendations for Future Studies Marques, A., Batalha, H., Bernardino, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Displacement Birds
Methodology for the Automated Visual Detection of Bird and Bat Collision Fatalities at Onshore Wind Turbines Happ, C., Sutor, A., Hochradel, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Wozep Ecological Programme: Tussenstand Wozep 2021 WOZEP Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals
Risk evaluation of onshore wind farms in relation to wild duck (Anatidae) movements in the Yangtze River Mouth, China Zhao, S., Xu, H., Zhong, H. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind COP Appendix II-F3: Red Knot Tagging Study Memorandum Biodiversity Research Institute Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Response of Ferruginous Hawks to temporary habitat alterations for energy development in southwestern Alberta Parayko, N., Ng, J., Marley, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Monthly Report (Year 2): August I 2021 Arundale, M., Warford, S., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore North Carolina Draft Supplemental Environmental Assessment Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Monthly Report (Year 2): August II 2021 Arundale, M., Warford, S., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Attraction, avoidance and habitat use at various spatial scales Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
The Influence of Policy Risk on Swiss Wind Power Investment Broughel, A., Wüstenhagen, R. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy
Wozep midterm evaluation 2021 Odinga, J., Barbé, D., van Mastrigt, A. Report Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy
Marine Mammal Collision Risk Modelling Vallejo, G., McCarthy, S. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
FLOATGEN floating wind turbine environmental monitoring report, SEM-REV test site Reynaud, M., Le Bouhris, E., Soulard, T. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Noise Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - Year 1 Post-Construction Ornithological Monitoring Report - 2019 Trinder, M. Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Displacement Birds
Bio-acoustic tracking and localization using heterogeneous, scalable microphone arrays Verreycken, E., Simon, R., Quirk-Royal, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
GPS tracking data can document wind turbine interactions: Evidence from a GPS-tagged Eurasian curlew Jiguet, F., Schwemmer, P., Rousseau, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats, Birds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
A new framework and tool for ecological risk assessment of wave energy converters projects Galparsoro, I., Korta, M., Subirana, I. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Quarterly Report: March 2021 to June 2021 Arundale, M., Goddard, B., Warford, S. Report Wind Energy Birds, Marine Mammals
Environmental Information for Siting and Operation of Floating Tidal Turbines in U.S. Waters Copping, A., Garavelli, L., Overhus, D. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals

Displaying 761 - 800 of 2948 results