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Birds

Birds - Seagull
A broad term that applies to all species of birds.

Birds are a group of endothermic vertebrates characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong, lightweight skeleton. With approximately ten thousand species, birds rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, with more than half of those being passerines.

Collision with wind turbine blades can kill birds, though the impact of individual deaths on the greater population varies greatly based on species. Research continues to explore mitigation such as operation limitations, siting location, and lighting selection. Bird collisions with offshore wind turbines present an additional challenge of being unable to count bodies to determine the scale of mortality. Marine renewable energy devices likely pose little threat to diving birds colliding with tidal turbines, or birds colliding with floating wave energy devices. Birds are classified in the following categories:

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Birds.

Total: 2836

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Topography drives migratory flight altitude of golden eagles: implications for on-shore wind energy development Katzner, T., Brandes, D., Miller, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds
Experimental Evidence for the Effect of Small Wind Turbine Proximity and Operation on Bird and Bat Activity Miderman, J., Pendlebury, C., Pearce-Higgins, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Wind and Wildlife in the Northern Great Plains: Identifying Low-Impact Areas for Wind Development Fargione, J., Kiesecker, J., Slaats, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Population Sizes of Seabirds Breeding in Scottish SPAs Lewis, M., Lye, G., Pendlebury, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Birds
Population Sizes of Seabirds breeding in Scottish Special Protection Areas Lewis, M., Lye, G., Pendlebury, C. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Population Trends of Breeding Seabird Colonies in Scottish SPAs Malcolm, F., Lye, G., Lewis, M. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Scoping Study For Offshore Wave Energy Development In Scottish Waters Davies, I., Gubbins, M., Watret, R. Report Marine Energy, Wave Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Scoping study for tidal stream energy development in Scottish waters Davies, I., Gubbins, M., Watret, R. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Appendix K Tetra Tech Bird Survey Report: Spring - Fall 2010 Avian and Bat Studies Report Lake Erie Wind Power Study Svedlow, A., Gilpatrick, L., McIlvain, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds
Humber Gateway OWF: Pre-construction Ornithological Monitoring Programme (OMP) Pendlebury, C., Garner, G., Walls, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Visual Fields, Foraging and Collision Vulnerability in Gyps Vultures Martin, G., Portugal, S., Murn, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Using a Shore Bird (Red Knot) Fitted with Geolocators to Evaluate a Conceptual Risk Model Focusing on Offshore Wind Burger, J., Niles, L., Porter, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Shorebirds, Birds
Building Capacity for Marine Hydrokinetic Energy: Atlas of Potential Synergistic and Conflicting Environmental, Ecological, and Human Use Considerations Dubbs, L., Voss, C., Von Korff, B. Report Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave Chemicals, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
Determination of Raptor Migratory Patterns Over a Large Landscape Seeland, H., Niemi, G., Regal, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
The trouble with turbines: An ill wind Subramanian, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Final Report on the Acoustic, Marine Mammal and Bird Monitoring Studies During Phase 1 Pile Driving Activities ORPC Maine Report Tidal, Marine Energy Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Birds
Effects on birds of Offshore Wind farm Egmond aan Zee (OWEZ): An overview and integration of insights obtained Hartman, J., Krijgsveld, K., Poot, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Seabirds & Offshore Wind Farms Monitoring Results 2011 Vanermen, N., Stienen, E., Onkelinx, T. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Cumulative Effects of Wind Farms in the Dutch North Sea on Bird Populations Poot, M., van Horssen, P., Collier, M. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds
Avian and Bat Protection Plan for the Buckeye Wind Power Project Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Amendment to the On-Shore Bird and Bat Pre- and Post- Construction Monitoring Protocol for Commercial Wind Energy Facilities in Ohio Ohio Department of Natural Resources Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Nesting Success of Scissor-Tailed Flycatchers (Tyrannus forficatus) at a Wind Farm in Northern Texas Rubenstahl, T., Hale, A., Karsten, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Passerines, Birds
First Specific Biodiversity Assessment in the Portuguese Pilot Zone for Marine Renewables Coelho, H., Rodrigues, S., Ferriera, R. Conference Paper Marine Energy Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals
Bird and bat mortality at Portuguese wind farms Bernardino, J., Zina, H., Passos, I. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Flight patterns of birds at offshore gas platform K14: Flight intensity, flight altitudes and species composition in comparison to OWEZ Fijn, R., Gyimesi, A., Collier, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
Experimental Evidence for the Effects of Chronic Anthropogenic Noise on Abundance of Greater Sage-Grouse at Leks Blickley, J., Blackwood, D., Patricelli, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Birds
Avian detection & tracking algorithm using infrared imaging Mirzaei, G., Majid, M., Ross, J. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Assessing the Impact of Marine Wind Farms on Birds through Movement Modelling Masden, E., Reeve, R., Desholm, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds
Eagles and Wind Energy: Identifying Research Priorities Allison, T. Report Wind Energy Birds, Raptors
Pre-Construction Avian and Bat Survey Report Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment
Effects of Displacement from Marine Renewable Development on Seabirds Breeding at SPAs: A Proof of Concept Model of Common Guillemots Breeding on the Isle of May McDonald, C., Searle, K., Wanless, S. Report Marine Energy Displacement Seabirds, Birds
A Review of Flight Heights and Avoidance Rates of Birds in Relation to Offshore Wind Farms Cook, A., Johnson, A., Wright, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Development of a Cost Minimizing Strategy to Mitigate Bird Mortalities in a Wind Farm Singh, K. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Modelling the abundance and area use of wintering Red-throated Divers in the Outer Thames Estuary Skov, H., Heinänen, S., Lohier, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds
Testing an Emerging Paradigm in Migration Ecology Shows Surprising Differences in Efficiency between Flight Modes Duerr, A., Miller, T., Lanzone, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
An Estimate of Avian Mortality at Communication Towers in the United States and Canada Longcore, T., Rich, C., Mineau, P. Journal Article Collision Birds
Biglow Canyon Wind Farm – Phase III - Year 1 Avian and Bat Monitoring Report Enk, T., Bay, K., Sonnenberg, M. Report Collision Bats, Birds
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement Section 13: Wind Farm Ornithology Arcus Consultancy Services Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement Section 11: Wind Farm Fish and Shellfish Ecology Arcus Consultancy Services Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
2011 Post-Construction Monitoring Study Criterion Wind Project Garrett County, Maryland Young, D., Lout, M., Courage, Z. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats

Displaying 2001 - 2040 of 2836 results