Birds

A broad term that applies to all species of birds.

Birds are a group of endothermic vertebrates characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong, lightweight skeleton. With approximately ten thousand species, birds rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, with more than half of those being passerines.

Collision with wind turbine blades can kill birds, though the impact of individual deaths on the greater population varies greatly based on species. Research continues to explore mitigation such as operation limitations, siting location, and lighting selection. Bird collisions with offshore wind turbines present an additional challenge of being unable to count bodies to determine the scale of mortality. Marine renewable energy devices likely pose little threat to diving birds colliding with tidal turbines, or birds colliding with floating wave energy devices. Birds are classified in the following categories:

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Birds.

Total: 2731

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Environmental Data Catalog for the Morro Bay Wind Energy Area Johnson, C., Currier, C., Howar, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles
ThermalTracker-3D Offshore Validation Technical Report Matzner, S., Warfel, T., Hull, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds
Adverse environmental impacts of wind farm installations and alternative research pathways to their mitigation Chowdhury, N., Shakib, M., Xu, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Measuring and visualizing environmental and social impacts of wind energy projects Pian, A., Verhoef, J., De Vries, L. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions
Stochastic agent-based model for predicting turbine-scale raptor movements during updraft-subsidized directional flights Sandhu, R., Tripp, C., Quon, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Potential impacts of floating wind turbine technology for marine species and habitats Maxwell, S., Kershaw, F., Locke, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Navigation
The Effects of Management Practices on Grassland Birds: An Introduction to North American Grasslands and the Practices Used to Manage Grasslands and Grassland Birds Shaffer, J., DeLong, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
Vulnerability of avian populations to renewable energy production Conkling, T., Zanden, H., Allison, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Imagery to Characterise Pursuit-Diving Seabird Association With Tidal Stream Hydrodynamic Habitat Features Slingsby, J., Scott, B., Kregting, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Report 2021 Magnus, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Investigating avoidance and attraction responses in lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus to offshore wind farms Johnston, D., Thaxter, C., Boersch-Supan, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Sandwich Terns in the Netherlands in 2019-2021 van Bemmelen, R., Courtens, W., Collier, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Northern gannet collision risk with wind turbines at the southern North Sea Collier, M., Potiek, A., Hin, V. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Cumulative impact assessment of collisions with existing and planned offshore wind turbines in the southern North Sea Potiek, A., Leemans, J., Middelveld, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Evidence of Nocturnal Migration over Sea and Sex-Specific Migration Distance of Dutch Black-Headed Gulls Fijn, R., Govers, L., Lutterop, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Quarterly Report: July 2021 to October 2021 Arundale, M., Warford, S., Willmott, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Year 2 Digital Aerial Wildlife Survey of BOEM Lease Area OCS-A 520 Monthly Report (Year 2): October 2021 Arundale, M., Warford, S., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
ORJIP Ocean Energy Information Note: Environmental Monitoring Technologies and Techniques for Detecting Interactions with Marine Animals Offshore Renewables Joint Industry Programme (ORJIP) Report Marine Energy Collision Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Ecological and methodological drivers of persistence and detection of bird fatalities at power lines: Insights from multi-project monitoring data Bernardino, J., Martins, R., Bispo, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2021-2022 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Density maps of the herring gull for the Dutch continental shelf Soudijn, F., Chen, C., Potiek, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
ORJIP Ocean Energy Information Note: Collision Risk Offshore Renewables Joint Industry Programme (ORJIP) Report Marine Energy Collision Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Understanding the Value of Strategic Evidence Surveys to Support the Tidal Steam Energy Sector in Wales Wood, D., Griffith, A., Basic, T. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Acceptable Levels of Impact from offshore wind farms on the Dutch Continental Shelf for 21 bird species Potiek, A., Ijntema, G.J., van Kooten, T. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
2022 Pacific Seabird Group 49th Annual Meeting. 22 - 25 February 2022 Pacific Seabird Group (PSG) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Crossing artificial obstacles during migration: The relative global ecological risks and interdependencies illustrated by the migration of common quail Coturnix coturnix Nadal, J., Sáez, D., Margalida, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Satellite Tracking of Migration Routes of the Eastern Buzzard (Buteo japonicus) in Japan through Sakhalin Hijikata, N., Yamaguchi, N., Hiraoka, E. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Wave-Energy Devices Might Affect the Natural Environment: Scientists plan research to better understand effects Oregon State University, Pacific Marine Energy Center (PMEC), Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) Magazine Article Marine Energy, Wave EMF, Entanglement, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals
A Predictive Flight-Altitude Model for Avoiding Future Conflicts Between an Emblematic Raptor and Wind Energy Development in the Swiss Alps Vignali, S., Lörcher, F., Hegglin, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Tracking lesser black-backed and herring gulls in the Dutch Delta Vanermen, N., Fijn, R., Rebolledo, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Cumulative population-level effects of habitat loss on seabirds 'Kader Ecologie en Cumulatie 4.0' Soudijn, F., van Donk, S., Leopold, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
A Novel Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model to Evaluate Floating Wind Farm Locations Díaz, H., Soares, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Application of Monte Carlo and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Processes for ranking floating wind farm locations Díaz, H., Teixeira, A., Soares, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism
Tidal GES - A transition to affordable and clean energy that can achieve ‘Good Environmental Status’ in coastal and marine waters Power, A. , Lambert, E. , Hynes, S. Research Study Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Displacement, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
A risk-based method to prioritize cumulative impacts assessment on marine biodiversity and research policy for offshore wind farms in France Brignon, J., Lejart, M., Nexer, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Assessment of effectiveness of the IdentiFlight® avian detection system Rogers, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Anticoagulant Expsoure in Golden Eagle (Aquila Chrysaetos) Power Line Electrocution and Wind Turbine Mortalities Viner, T., Kagan, R., Lehner, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Responses of birds and mammals to long-established wind farms in India Kumara, H., Babu, S., Rao, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Sector Locational Guidance: Enabling Evidence for Sustainable Development Tidal Stream Energy Welsh Government Report Marine Energy, Tidal Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Landscape Decisions to Meet Net Zero Carbon: Pathways that consider ethics, socio-ecological diversity, and landscape functions. Landscape Decisions Report Cole, B., Gardner, E., Willcock, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Displaying 561 - 600 of 2731 results