United States of America

United States of America (USA) is located in North America, covers 9,833,517 km2 (3,796,742 mile2) of land surface, and has a population of 333 million people (UN data, 2021). The USA’s primary energy production is 25,245 terawatt-hours (TWh), and energy supply per capita is 79 MWh (UN data, 2021). Oil is the largest source of energy consumed, accounting for 38% of the national total (Our World in Data, 2023). The USA is home to 1,841 threatened species (UN data, 2021).

The USA is currently a member of Ocean Energy Systems, participating in OES-Environmental. The USA had 2 policy and 6 project highlights in the 2023 OES Annual Report.

The USA is currently a member of IEA Wind, participating in WREN. The USA had a total installed wind power capacity of 144.2 GW by the end of 2022, an increase of 8.30 GW from the year before (IEA-Wind 2022 Annual Report).

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents Related to United States of America

Total results: 2322
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Revolution Wind COP Appendix X1: Benthic Assessment INSPIRE Environmental Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Coastal Land Use in the Atlantic Region: General Social and Economic Baseline Information for Environmental Impact Statements AECOM Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Electromagnetic Field Impacts on American Eel Movement and Migration from Direct Current Cables Hutchison, Z., Sigray, P., Gill, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish
Evaluation of the Coastal Acoustic Buoy for offshore wind for real time mitigation of North Atlantic right whales Palmer, K. , Turner, J., Tabbutt, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
A review of the effectiveness of operational curtailment for reducing bat fatalities at terrestrial wind farms in North America Adams, E., Gulka, J., Williams, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
Distribution and density of six large whale species in the New York Bight from monthly aerial surveys 2017 to 2020 Zoidis, A., Lomac-MacNair, K., Ireland, D. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Monitoring and Modeling Tree Bat (Genera: Lasiurus, Lasionycteris) Occurrence Using Acoustics on Structures off the Mid-Atlantic Coast—Implications for Offshore Wind Development True, M., Reynolds, R., Ford, W. Journal Article Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
Bourne Tidal Test Site Draft Pilot License Application Barrett, S. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Supporting National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Offshore Wind Energy Development Related to Munitions and Explosives of Concern and Unexploded Ordnances Middleton, P., Salerno, J., Barnhart, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Legal & Policy
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind COP Appendix II-F4: Bat Survey Report Biodiversity Research Institute Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats
Cost Efficiency of Environmental DNA as Compared to Conventional Methods for Biodiversity Monitoring Purposes at Marine Energy Sites Fu, M., Hemery, L., Sather, N. Report Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II N1 - Avian Risk Assessment ESS Group, Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Vineyard Wind Demersal Trawl Survey 2020/2021 Annual Report Rillahan, C., He, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Environmental Information for Siting and Operation of Floating Tidal Turbines in U.S. Waters Copping, A., Garavelli, L., Overhus, D. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals
A heuristic tool to assess regional impacts of renewable energy infrastructure on conservation areas Troia, M., McManamay, R., Kao, S-C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Whale hearing tests through evoked potential audiometry Houser, D. Magazine Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Sunrise Wind COP Appendix B: Fisheries Communication Plan Sunrise Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Breeding Density and Collision Mortality of Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area Smallwood, K., Smallwood, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II F2 - Fisheries Assessment Report Sea Risk Solutions Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II F1 - Fisheries Communication Plan Sea Risk Solutions Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States Solick, D., Newman, C. Journal Article Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction Bats
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Volume 2: Results (Birds) Pembroke, A., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
State of Maine Offshore Wind Energy Research Array: Application for an Outer Continental Shelf Renewable Energy Research Lease State of Maine Report Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Volume 5: Results (Sharks and Rays) Pembroke, A., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Bat activity patterns relative to temporal and weather effects in a temperate coastal environment Gorman, K., Barr, E., Ries, L. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Volume 3: Results (Turtles) Pembroke, A., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Volume 4: Results (Marine Mammals) Pembroke, A., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
The Design, Production and Validation of the Biological and Structural Performance of an Ecologically Engineered Concrete Block Mattress – A Nature Inclusive Design for Shoreline and Offshore construction Sella, I., Hadary, T., Rella, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Design, production, and validation of the biological and structural performance of an ecologically engineered concrete block mattress: A Nature-Inclusive Design for shoreline and offshore construction Sella, I., Hadary, T., Rella, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
CalWave xWave Demonstration CalWave Power Technologies Inc. Project Site Marine Energy, Wave
American Bird Conservancy Comments on the Morro Bay Offshore Wind Call for Information American Bird Conservancy Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Human Dimensions
Comments on Commercial Leasing for Wind Power Development on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Offshore Morro Bay, California, East and West Extensions Flick, P., Hislop, K., Humphries, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Reptiles
Identifying Ecological Metrics and Sampling Strategies for Baseline Monitoring During Offshore Wind Development Brodie, J., Kohut, J., Zemeckis, D. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Country-Specific Guidance Document: United States OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy
Clearing a Path to Commercialization of Marine Renewable Energy Technologies Through Public–Private Collaboration Chang, G., Harker-Klimes, G., Raghukumar, K. Journal Article Marine Energy Noise
Characterization of Impact Pile Driving Signals and Fin Whale Vocalizations at the Block Island Wind Farm Site Amaral, J. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Feasibility Analysis: Using Artificial Intelligence to Match Photographed Lateral Ridges of Gray Whales Holmberg, J., Parham, J., Blount, A. Report Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Modeling At-Sea Density of Marine Birds to Support Renewable Energy Planning on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf of the Contiguous United States Leirness, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals
Eagles enter rotor-swept zones of wind turbines at rates that vary per turbine McClure, C., Rolek, B., Braham, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Residency, demographics, and movement patterns of North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis in an offshore wind energy development area in southern New England, USA Quintana-Rizzo, E., Leiter, S., Cole, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
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