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Land-Based Wind

Wind Turbine on farmland
Capturing energy from onshore wind.

Land-based wind energy technologies harness kinetic energy from the wind to generate electricity. While wind energy is very abundant in many parts of the world, wind resource development may compete with other land uses and have the potential to negatively impact birds and bats, terrestrial mammals, and the physical environment overall.

The greatest environmental concern with land-based wind is collision risk for birds and bats. The construction and maintenance process can alter the physical environment by destroying or fragmenting key habitats. There are also concerns about noise and visual impacts to both the environment and people. Effects of transmission lines are also a consideration as they produce an electromagnetic field that may be harmful to some organisms. Additionally, changes in flow may also be a concern, with large wind farms potentially causing large-scale atmospheric changes.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Land-Based Wind.

Total: 2236

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
A review of multi-criteria decision making applications for renewable energy site selection Shao, M., Han, Z., Sun, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summer 2016–Spring 2019 Seasonal Surveys Large Bony Fish and Fish Shoals Final Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Fish
Westerly breezes and easterly gales: A comparison of legal, policy and planning regimes governing onshore wind in Germany and China Guan, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
An evaluation of bird and bat mortality at wind turbines in the Northeastern United States Choi, D., Wittig, T., Kluever, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Summer day-roost selection by eastern red bats varies between areas with different land-use histories Monarchino, M., Behan, M., Johnson, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats
Impacts of renewable energy atlas: Reaping the benefits of renewables and biodiversity threats Nazir, M., Bilal, M., Sohail, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Effect of wind farms on wintering ducks at an important wintering ground in China along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway Zhao, S., Xu, H., Song, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Waterfowl
Public opposition to wind power projects in Norway Omholt, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Resource selection of apex raptors: implications for siting energy development in sagebrush and prairie ecosystems Squires, J., Olson, L., Wallace, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Research on carbon emission reduction benefit of wind power project based on life cycle assessment theory Li, J., Li, S., Wu. F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
How to strive for balance of coastal wind energy development with waterbird conservation in the important coastal wetlands, a case study in the Chongming Islands of East China Li, B., Yuan, X., Chen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Displacement Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Testing and Evaluation of "SafeWind" A Bird Protection System Soni, B., Loske, K., Lackmann, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Final Report on the Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Birds in the Region of Kaliakra, Bulgaria (Activity 3) Schindler, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Identifying areas of wetland and wind turbine overlap in the south-central Great Plains of North America Heintzman, L., Auerbach, E., Kilborn, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Paint it black: Efficacy of increased wind turbine rotor blade visibility to reduce avian fatalities May, R., Nygård, T., Falkdalen, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Waterfowl
Bat activity and evidence of bat migration at two high elevation passes in the Western Alps Caprio, E., Patriarca, E., Debernardi, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats
On a collision course? The large diversity of birds killed by wind turbines in South Africa Perold, V., Ralston-Paton, S., Ryan, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Sex- but not age-biased wind turbine collision mortality in the White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla Heuck, C., Herrmann, C., Wendt, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Unpacking the eagle collision risk model: practical guidance for wind energy Evans, M., Sporer, M., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Monitoring of spring bird migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2020 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Greater Sage‐Grouse Response to the Physical Footprint of Energy Development Kirol, C., Smith, K., Graf, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Black Harriers and Wind Energy: Guidelines for impact assessment, monitoring and mitigation Simmons, R., Ralston-Paton, S., Colyn, R. Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Mortality limits used in wind energy impact assessment underestimate impacts of wind farms on bird populations Schippers, P., Buij, R., Schotman, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Dogs detect larger wind energy effects on bats and birds Smallwood, K., Bell, D., Standish, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Changes in bird species composition after a wind farm installation: A case study in South America Justo Falavigna, T., Pereira, D., Lara Rippel, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions
Environmental impacts of decommissioning: Onshore versus offshore wind farms Hall, R., João, E., Knapp, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Wind, sun, and wildlife: do wind and solar energy development "short-circuit" conservation in the western United States? Agha, M., Lovich, J., Ennen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
High-Resolution Modeling of Uplift Landscapes can Inform Micrositing of Wind Turbines for Soaring Raptors Hanssen, F., May, R., Nygård, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Quantifying the differences in avian attack rates on reptiles between an infrastructure and a control site Law, C., Lancaster, L., Hall, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Reptiles
Local effects of wind turbines on near-surface wind speed in a desert steppe wind farm Zhou, D., Hu, S., Dang, X. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Lost (and found) in Transition: Expert stakeholder insights on low-carbon energy transitions in Spain Sorman, A., Garcia-Muros, X., Pizarro-Irizar, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Glucocorticoid profiles in frugivorous bats on wind farms in the Mexican tropics Medina-Cruz, G., Salame-Méndez, A., Briones-Salas, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Effects of wind energy production on a threatened species, the Bicknell’s Thrush Catharus bicknelli, with and without mitigation Lemaître, J., Lamarre, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Passerines
Methodology for calculating the number of migratory birds in the territory of the wind farms of the Azov region using information and communication technology Yeremieiev, V., Osadchyi, V., Siokhin, V. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Assessing the spatial distribution of avian collision risks at wind turbine structures in Brandenburg, Germany Bose, A., Durr, T., Klenke, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Operational-dependent wind turbine wake impact on surface momentum flux revealed by snow-powered flow imaging Abraham, A., Hong, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes
Optimizing the layout of onshore wind farms to minimize noise Wu, X., Hu, W., Huang, Q. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Bat Activity Rates do not Predict Bat Fatality Rates at Wind Energy Facilities Solick, D., Pham, D., Nasman, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
A review of the major threats and challenges to global bat conservation Frick, W., Kingston, T., Flanders, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Perspectives on environmental impacts and a land reclamation strategy for solar and wind energy systems Dhar, A., Naeth, M., Jennings, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind

Displaying 561 - 600 of 2236 results