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Marine Mammals

Breaching humpback whale
A broad term that encompasses cetaceans, pinnipeds, and others.

Marine mammals include pinnipeds (seals, sea lions), cetaceans (dolphins and whales), and sea otters. Because these organisms have fairly advanced cognitive abilities, it is fairly difficult to gauge how offshore renewable energy devices will affect marine mammals. Some of these organisms use echolocation to communicate and navigate themselves through the marine environment, which poses a concern as noise emitted from offshore renewable energy devices can have the potential to mask or hide echolocation of marine mammals. Some marine mammals also have very sensitive hearing, which makes these organisms vulnerable to loud noises generated underwater (i.e. pile driving/construction). With these issues in mind, the stressors that pose the greatest risks to marine mammals are collision, habitat change, and displacement, as well as noise.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Marine Mammals.

Total: 1686

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Beatrice Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Consultation Version) Repsol, Genesis Oil and Gas Consultants Ltd Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
A Coordinated Action Plan for Addressing Collision Risk for Marine Mammals and Tidal Turbines Hutchison, I., Copping, A. Workshop Article Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Collision Marine Mammals
Comparing the performance of C-PODs and SoundTrap/PAMGUARD in detecting the acoustic activity of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Sarnocinska, J., Tougaard, J., Johnson, M. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Assessing Auditory Evoked Potentials of Wild Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Ruser, A., Dähne, M., van Neer, A. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Technical Guidance for Assessing the Effects of Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammal Hearing: Underwater Acoustic Thresholds for Onset of Permanent and Temporary Threshold Shifts National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Report Noise Marine Mammals
Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands Costa, B., Kendall, M. Report Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Rampion Windfarm: Simultaneous piling assessment HR Wallingford Ltd Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Ecological monitoring of underwater noise during piling at Offshore Wind Farm Gemini Remmers, P., Bellmann, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Scottish Government Demonstration Strategy: Trialling Methods for Tracking the Fine Scale Underwater Movements of Marine Mammals in Areas of Marine Renewable Energy Development Sparling, C., Gillespie, D., Hastie, G. Report Marine Energy Marine Mammals
Auditory Sensitivity in Aquatic Animals Lucke, K., Popper, A., Hawkins, A. Journal Article Noise Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Updated grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) usage maps in the North Sea Jones, E., Russell, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Geo-Spatial Tool for the Assessment Offshore Pile Driving Noise Effects on Marine Mammals Daoud, W., Kasama, K., Saleh, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Non‐lethal management of carnivore predation: long‐term tests with a startle reflex‐based deterrence system on a fish farm Götz, T., Janik, V. Journal Article Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Effects of Offshore Pile Driving on Harbour Porpoise Abundance in the German Bight: Assessment of Noise Effects Brandt, M., Dragon, A., Diederichs, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Nova Scotia Tidal Research Summary Report - Researching Tidal Energy - Marine Life - The Nova Scotia Experience Daborn, G. Report EMF Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Riding the Tide: Use of a Moving Tidal-Stream Habitat by Harbour Porpoises Benjamins, S., Dale, A., van Geel, N. Journal Article Marine Mammals
Tidal Turbine Collision Detection Requirements Report Jha, S. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals
Tidal Turbine Collision Detection: A review of the state-of-the-art sensors and imaging systems for detecting mammal collisions Jha, S. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals
Technological solutions to reduce the environmental impacts of wind-energy systems Megavind Report Wind Energy Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Software for real-time localization of baleen whale calls using directional sonobuoys: A case study on Antarctic blue whales Miller, B., Calderan, S., Gillespie, D. Journal Article Marine Mammals
Seal Telemetry Inventory Sparling, C. Report Tidal, Marine Energy Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Harbor Seal - Tidal Turbine Collision Risk Models. An Assessment of Sensitivities. Wood, J., Joy, R., Sparling, C. Report Tidal, Marine Energy Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Environmental Assessment for Decommissioning of Vindeby Offshore Wind Farm Ørsted Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Environmental Interview: Effects of Wind Power on Marine Life Kautsky, L. Video Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Fish
Predictive mapping of seabirds, pinnipeds and cetaceans off the Pacific Coast of Washington Menza, C., Leirness, J., White, T. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment
Habitat-Based Cetacean Density Models for the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico Roberts, J., Best, B., Mannocci, L. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Guidelines For Environmental Impact Studies On Marine Biodiversity For Offshore Windfarm Projects In The Baltic Sea Region Baltic Environmental Forum – Latvia Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Environmental Monitoring of the Paimpol-Brehat Tidal Project Barillier, A., Carlier, A. Presentation Marine Energy, Tidal Habitat Change, Noise Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Communication Masking in Marine Mammals: A Review and Research Strategy Erbe, C., Reichmuth, C., Cunningham, K. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Kincardine Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement Appendix B: Aerial Surveys Report HiDef Aerial Surveying Ltd Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals
The Use of an Unsupervised Learning Approach for Characterizing Latent Behaviours in Accelerometer Data Chimienti, M., Cornulier, T., Owen, E. Journal Article Marine Energy Marine Mammals
Movements of grey seal that haul out on the UK coast of the southern North Sea Russell, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Nova Bluemull Sound - Appropriate Assessment Marine Scotland Science Report Marine Energy, Tidal Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals
Understanding the Population Consequences of Acoustic Disturbance for Marine Mammals Harwood, J., King, S., Booth, C. Book Chapter Noise Marine Mammals
Impact Assessment of Offshore Pile Driving Noise on Red Sea Marine Mammals Dawoud, W., Negm, A., Saleh, N. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals
A Self-Contained Subsea Platform for Acoustic Monitoring of the Environment Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices - Field Deployments at Wave and Tidal Energy Sites in Orkney, Scotland Williamson, B., Blondel, P., Armstrong, E. Journal Article Wave, Tidal, Marine Energy Collision Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Noise mitigation during pile-driving efficiently reduces disturbance of marine mammals Nehls, G., Rose, A., Diederichs, A. Book Chapter Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Avoidance Marine Mammals
Offshore Wind Power for Marine Conservation Hammar, L., Perry, D., Gullström, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Data to Decision in a Dynamic Ocean: Robust Species Distribution Models and Spatial Decision Frameworks Halpin, P. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism
Trends of Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Density in the Southern North Sea Peschko, V., Ronnenberg, K., Siebert, U. Journal Article Marine Mammals

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