Collision

Direct contact between an animal and a device component.

Any part of a renewable energy device that moves has the potential to have a deleterious effect on both resident and migratory organisms. Collisions between animals and tidal or wind turbine blades could result in injury or death, either by direct contact with the device or by pressure changes created around the moving parts. The probability of a collision with a blade may vary based on the rotational or mechanical speed of the moving parts, the presence and density of animals in the area, the time of day, weather conditions, and the ability of animals to sense and evade the device. Carcasses found around land-based wind turbines provide an estimate of bird and bat fatalities, while it is much more difficult to estimate the effect of collisions with offshore wind turbines. To date there have been no observed collisions of marine mammals or diving seabirds with tidal turbines. Wave energy devices also have moving parts such as heave plates, flaps, and other large heavy components that could potentially cause harm, although the likelihood is thought to be extremely small. Collisions resulting in injury and death of individual animals with moving parts of devices become particularly important if the loss of those individuals affect the stability and sustainability of the population in the area.

For more information relevant to marine energy, check out the Collision Risk Short Science Summary produced by OES-Environmental.

For more information relevant to offshore wind energy, check out the Bat and Bird Interactions with Offshore Wind Energy research brief produced by SEER.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Collision.

Total: 1617

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
How well does IdentiFlight protect the red kite (Milvus milvus)? Reichenbach, M., Reers, H., Greule, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Tidal stream use by black guillemots Cepphus grylle in relation to a marine renewable energy development Johnston, D., Furness, R., Robbins, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
Wind turbine event detection by support vector machine Hu, C., Albertani, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Environmental impacts of offshore wind installation, operation and maintenance, and decommissioning activities: A case study of Brazil Hernández Carrascal, O., Shadman, M., Amiri, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
BirdLife Position on Renewable Energy at Sea and nature conservation BirdLife International Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Collision risk of bats with small wind turbines: Worst-case scenarios near roosts, commuting and hunting structures Hartmann, S., Hochradel, K., Greule, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Demographic and potential biological removal models identify raptor species sensitive to current and future wind energy Diffendorfer, J., Stanton, J., Beston, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Potential environmental effects of deepwater floating offshore wind energy facilities Farr, H., Ruttenberg, B., Walter, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
2021 Spring Post - Construction Bat Mortality Monitoring Report Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
A systemic view of potential environmental impacts of ocean energy production Martinez, M., Vázquez, G., Pérez-Maqueo O. Journal Article Marine Energy, Ocean Current, OTEC, Salinity Gradient, Tidal, Wave Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals
Developing a simulation-based approach to Collision Risk of Tidal Energy Converters and Marine Wildlife Horne, N. Thesis Marine Energy Collision
The clash between biodiversity protection and renewable energy development in the European Union with reference to the Habitats and the Birds Directive s Aikaterini, N. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Relative energy production determines effect of repowering on wildlife mortality at wind energy facilities Huso, M., Conkling, T., Dalthorp, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Feasibility study of large-scale deployment of colour-ringing on Black-legged Kittiwake populations to improve the realism of demographic models assessing the population impacts of offshore wind farms O’Hanlon, N.J., Wischnewski, S., Ewing, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
A pathway for citizen science data to inform policy: A case study using eBird data for defining low-risk collision areas for wind energy development Ruiz-Gutierrez, V., Bjerre, E., Otto, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Capercaillie and Wind Energy: An international research project Taubmann, J., Coppes, J., Andrén, H. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Collision Risk for Migratory Birds Facing Wind Energy Installations in Europe in Relation to Wind Energy Production Tito, D. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Detection-reaction systems in onshore windfarms, a mitigation solution to reduce bird fatalities: Principles for a relevant assessment of their performances Corbeau, A., Dupont, S., Besnard, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes
Post-construction bird and bat fatality monitoring studies at wind energy projects in Latin America: A summary and review Agudelo, S., Mabee, T., Palmer, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Wildlife Mortality in Wind Turbine Transformer Basins Meyer, S., Matlack, R., Ray, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Risk of Avian Collisions in Wind Turbines Matsuda, H., Sugimoto, H., Shimada, Y. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Adaptive management to improve eagle conservation at terrestrial wind facilities New, L., Simonis, J., Otto, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
La urgencia de hacer Restauración ecológica en México Mendez-Toribio, M., Izquierdo- Calderón, N., Martinez-Garza, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Behavioral patterns of bats at a wind turbine confirm seasonality of fatality risk Goldenberg, S., Cryan, P., Gorresen, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Displacement Bats
The State of the Science on Operational Minimization to Reduce Bat Fatality at Wind Energy Facilities Whitby, M., Schirmacher, M., Frick, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
ThruTracker: Open-Source Software for 2-D and 3-D Animal Video Tracking Corcoran, A., Schirmacher, M., Black, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Insect fatalities at wind turbines as biodiversity sinks Voigt, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Invertebrates
Field testing an “acoustic lighthouse”: Combined acoustic and visual cues provide a multimodal solution that reduces avian collision risk with tall human-made structures Boycott, T., Mullis, S., Jackson, B. Journal Article Collision Birds
Predicting migration routes for three species of migratory bats using species distribution models Wieringa, J., Carstens, B., Gibbs, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Quantifying Turbine-Level Risk to Golden Eagles Using a High-Fidelity Updraft Model and a Stochastic Behavioral Model Tripp, C., Sandhu, R., Lawson, M. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Twenty-five years under the wind turbines in La Venta, Mexico: social difference, land control and agrarian change Contreras, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Near-term ecological forecasting for dynamic aeroconservation of migratory birds Horton, K., Van Doren, B., Albers, H. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Lighting Birds, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Supporting National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Offshore Wind Energy Development Related to Avian Species Research Fernandez, K., Middleton, P., Salerno, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
A predictive model for improving placement of wind turbines to minimise collision risk potential for a large soaring raptor Murgatroyd, M., Bouten, W., Amar, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Development and testing of a three-dimensional ballistics model for bat strikes on wind turbines Prakash, S., Markfort, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Estimating bird flight height using 3-D photogrammetry Prinsloo, N., Postma, M., Ryan, P. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Impact of wind power plants on mammalian and avian wildlife species in shrub- and woodlands Schöll, E., Nopp-Mayr, U. Journal Article Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
An Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Extracting Marine Renewable Energy in the Coastal Environment of the Black Sea Zburlea, L., Rusu, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Predicting Bald Eagle Collision at Wind Energy Facilities Nasman, K., Bay, K., Mattson, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Assessing the vulnerability of breeding bird populations to onshore wind-energy developments in Finland Balotari-Chiebao, F., Valkama, J., Byholm, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Displaying 521 - 560 of 1617 results