Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6500
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
D2.6 Report on Offshore Wind System Monitoring Practice and Normalisation Procedures Schaumann, P., Achmus, M., Schlurmann, T. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Evidence that Bats Perceive Wind Turbine Surfaces to be Water McAlexander, A. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Bats
Advanced flow and noise simulation method for wind farm assessment in complex terrain Shen, W., Zhu, W., Barlas, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Final Report: Post-Construction Avian Monitoring Digby Neck Wind Farm Craig, C., Kearney, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Noise Birds
Hidden Markov Models for Estimating Animal Mortality from Anthropogenic Hazards Etterson, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Energy Profiling of Demersal Fish: A Case-Study in Wind Farm Artificial Reefs De Troch, M., Reubens, J., Heirman, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Tethys: Developing a Commons for Understanding Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Copping, A., Smith, C., Hanna, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
The Influence of Group Size and Social Interactions on Collision Risk with Obstacles Croft, S., Budgey, R., Pitchford, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
Underwater Acoustic Modeling Report - Virginia Offshore Wind Technology Advancement Project (VOWTAP) Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Wind Turbine Fatalities Approach a Level of Concern in a Raptor Population Bellebaum, J., Korner-Nievergelt, F., Durr, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Behavioral Responses of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) to Playbacks of Broadband Pile Driving Sounds Kastelein, R., van Heerden, D., Gransier, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Estimates of Bird Collision Mortality at Wind Facilities in the Contiguous United States of America Loss, S., Will, T., Marra, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
MERiFIC 3.3.2: Grey Seal Population Surveys of the Isles of Scilly and Parc Naturel Marin d'Iroise Witt, M. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Insect Prey Eaten by Hoary Bats (Lasiurus cinereus) Prior to Fatal Collisions with Wind Turbines Valdez, E., Cryan, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Foraging Ranges of Northern Gannets in Relation to Proposed Offshore Wind Farms in the UK: 2010-2012 Langston, R., Teuten, E., Butler, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Leaning Juniper II Wind Power Facility Wildlife Fatality Monitoring Study January 2011-July 2013 Downes, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Harbor Seals & Harbor Porpoises-Pile Driving: Detection, Behavioral Response and TTS Kastelein, R. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Comparing the Ecological Impacts of Wind and Oil and Gas Development: A Landscape Scale Assessment Jones, N., Pejchar, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
How Deep does an Anchor Penetrate the Seafloor? Maushake, C. Workshop Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Breeding Bird Surveys Arkwright Summit Wind Project Chautauqua County, New York Lukins, W., Young, D., Bay, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
A Protocol for Implementing the Interim Population Consequences of Disturbance (PCoD) approach: Quantifying and Assessing the Effects of UK Offshore Renewable Energy Developments on Marine Mammal Populations Booth, C., Donovan, C., King, S. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy Marine Mammals
Use of Deterrent Devices and Improvements to Standard Mitigation during Piling - Research Summary Herschel, A., Stephenson, S., Sparling, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Attraction Marine Mammals
Report on the Implication for European Sites Proposed East Anglia ONE Offshore Windfarm The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Investigation of Sonar Transponders for Offshore Wind Farms: Modeling Approach, Experimental Setup, and Results Fricke, M., Rolfes, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Navigation, Human Dimensions
Bird Mortality at a Wind-Energy Facility near a Wetland of International Importance Grodsky, S., Jennelle, C., Drake, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
The Shipping Industry and Marine Spatial Planning Patraiko, D., Holthus, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Offshore Wind Farm as Jamaica's Possible Primary Source of Renewable Energy Bailey, K., Muir, D., Chambers, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Guidelines for Wind Energy and Wildlife Resource Management in Nebraska Nebraska Wind and Wildlife Working Group Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Spatial Ecology of Female Mule Deer in an Area Proposed for Wind Energy Development Webb, S., Dzialak, M., Houchen, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals
Reducing Bat Fatalities From Interactions with Operating Wind Turbines (Fact Sheet) Lawson, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Network approach for local and community governance of energy: The case of Oxfordshire Parag, Y., Hamilton, J., White, V. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Measuring the Environmental Benefits of Wind-Generated Electricity Cullen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Framework for Assessing Impacts of Pile-Driving Noise from Offshore Wind Farm Construction on a Harbour Seal Population Thomson, P., Hastie, G., Nedwell, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Reducing Bat Fatalities from Interactions with Operating Wind Turbines National Wind Technology Center Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
NIMBYism revisited: public acceptance of wind energy in the United States Petrova, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Short-Term Disturbance by a Commercial Two-Dimensional Seismic Survey does Not Lead to Long-Term Displacement of Harbour Porpoises Thompson, P., Brookes, K., Graham, I. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Marine Renewable Energy: A Global Review of the Extent of Marine Renewable Energy Developments, the Developing Technologies and Possible Conservation Implications for Cetaceans James, V. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Risk Assessment for Marine Vessel Traffic and Wind Energy Development in the Atlantic Copping, A., Breithaupt, S., Tagestad, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Navigation, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Environmental Risks, Fate, and Effects of Chemicals Associated with Wind Turbines on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Bejarano, A., Michel, J., Rowe, J. Report Wind Energy Chemicals
A New Stochastic Dynamic Tool to Improve the Accuracy of Mortality Estimates for Bats Killed at Wind Farms Bastos, R., Santos, M., Cabral, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Displaying 4481 - 4520 of 6500 results