Invertebrates

A broad term that encompasses both marine and terrestrial animals lacking a backbone.

Invertebrates are organisms that lack a backbone. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. Benthic invertebrates typically live on the seafloor; common examples include cephalopods (squid, octopus, nautilus), crustaceans (crabs, shrimp, lobsters), and mollusks (clams, barnacles). Many benthic invertebrates serve as indicators of ecosystem health and are harvested commercially around the world. Invertebrates that may be found on land include insects, worms, and arachnids.

Electromagnetic fields, noise pollution, changes in flow, and other impacts from offshore developments may affect the health of some benthic invertebrates. Changes in water quality may also alter benthic habitats and the organisms that reside within them negatively. However, the addition of offshore wind energy and marine renewable energy’s subsea cables and support structures to the seafloor may also provide new habitat, potentially acting as artificial reefs and attracting benthic invertebrates. Invertebrates found on land, such as insects, may be attracted to land-based wind energy's lighting and as a result, may be at a heightened risk of collision. 

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Invertebrates.

Total: 911

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Benthic Habitat Characterization Offshore the Pacific Northwest Volume 1: Evaluation of Continental Shelf Geology Goldfinger, C., Henkel, S., Romsos, C. Report Invertebrates
Benthic Habitat Characterization Offshore the Pacific Northwest Volume 2: Evaluation of Continental Shelf Benthic Communities Henkel, S., Goldfinger, C., Romsos, C. Report Invertebrates
Effects of a 5-year trawling ban on the local benthic community in a wind farm in the Dutch coastal zone Bergman, M., Ubels, S., Duineveld, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Determining the safety range of electrical pulses for two benthic invertebrates: brown shrimp (Crangon crangon L.) and ragworm (Alitta virens S.) Soetaert, M., Chiers, K., Polet, H. Journal Article EMF Invertebrates
Spatial and Temporal Benthic Species Assemblage Responses with a Deployed Marine Tidal Energy Device: A Small Scaled Study Broadhurst, M., Orme, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
EMEC Fall of Warness Test Site: Environmental Appraisal European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) Report Marine Energy, Tidal Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Anthropogenic noise playback impairs embryonic development and increases mortality in a marine invertebrate Nedelec, S., Radford, A., Simpson, S. Journal Article Noise Invertebrates
Repeated Mapping of Reefs Constructed by Sabellaria spinulosa Leuckart 1849 at an Offshore Wind Farm Site Pearce, B., Farinas-Franco, J., Wilson, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
A Comparison of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches to Benthic Habitat Mapping to Inform Offshore Wind Energy Development LaFrance, M., King, J., Oakley, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
Impact Hypothesis for Offshore Wind Farms: Explanatory Models for Species Distribution at Extremely Exposed Rocky Areas Schläppy, M., Saskov, A., Dahlgren, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Minas Passage Lobster Tracking Study 2011-2013 Morrison, K., Broome, J., Redden, A. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Invertebrates
D4.17 Report on environmental monitoring protocols Magagna, D., Lauri, C., Butler, M. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Estimating Distribution of Sedimentary Benthic Habitats and Species on the Eastern Pacific Shelf and Detecting Effects of Device Deployment Henkel, S., Goldfinger, C., Romsos, C. Presentation Marine Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Monitoring Benthic Habitats and Biodiversity at the Tidal Energy Site of Paimpol-Brehat (Brittany, France) Carlier, A., Caisey, X., Gaffet, J. Presentation Marine Energy, Tidal Invertebrates
EcoSpatial Information Database: U.S. Atlantic Region Madsen, K., Zimmer, B., Fritze, B. Report Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Flow and Benthic Ecology 4D - FLOWBEC - An Overview Bell, P., McCann, D., Scott, B. Presentation Marine Energy Invertebrates
Environmental Impacts over the Seabed and Benthic Communities of Underwater Cable Installation in the Biscay Marine Energy Platform (BIMEP) Bald, J., Hernández, C., Galparsoro, I. Presentation Marine Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Aanvullende analyse van de dataset van de boxcore bemonstering van 2011 binnen het OWEZ windpark en in de 6 referentiegebieden met relevante co-variabelen Meesters, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates
Littoral Characterisation of West Mainland Orkney: The Relationship between Wave Energy, Topography and the Biological Community Want, A., Side, J., Bell, M. Presentation Marine Energy, Wave Invertebrates
Report of the Workshop on International Harmonisation of Approaches to Define Underwater Noise Exposure Criteria Lucke, K., Winter, E., Lam, F. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Enrichment and Shifts in Macrobenthic Assemblages in an Offshore Wind Farm Area in the Belgian Part of the North Sea Coates, D., Deschutter, Y., Vincx, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Invertebrates
Review of Environmental Data Associated with Post-Consent Monitoring of Licence Conditions of Offshore Wind Farms Marine Management Organisation (MMO) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm - Decision Letter & Conditions McKie, J. Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Dogger Bank Environmental Statement - Chapter 13: Fish and Shellfish Ecology Brown & May Marine Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Offshore wind farm design with the Coral Reefs Optimization algorithm Salcedo-Sanz, S., Gallo-Marazuela, D., Pastor-Sánchez, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Dogger Bank Environmental Statement Dogger Bank Wind Farm Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Marine Renewable Energy and Environmental Interactions: Baseline Assessments of Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles and Benthic Communities on the Oregon Shelf Henkel, S., Suryan, R., Lagerquist, B. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Rapid increase of benthic structural and functional diversity at the alpha ventus offshore test site Gutow, L., Teschke, K., Schmidt, A. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Offshore Marine Renewable Energy Devices as Stepping Stones Across Biogeographical Boundaries Adams, T., Miller, R., Aleynik, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
The Co-Location of Offshore Windfarms and Decapod Fisheries in the UK: Constraints and Opportunities Hooper, T., Austen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Baselines and Monitoring Methods for Detecting Impacts of Hydrodynamic Energy Extraction on Intertidal Communities of Rocky Shores Want, A., Beharie, R., Bell, M. Book Chapter Wave, Marine Energy Changes in Flow Invertebrates
Environmental Effects Monitoring Report 2011-2013 Fundy Ocean Research Center for Energy (FORCE) Report Marine Energy, Tidal EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Power Production in the North Sea Draget, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
The Influence of Fisheries Exclusion and Addition of Hard Substrata on Fish and Crustaceans Wilhelmsson, D., Langhamer, O. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Fairhead Tidal Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Document McGrath, C. Report Marine Energy, Tidal EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
MaRVEN Research Study - Noise, Vibrations and Electromagnetic Emissions Thomsen, F. Research Study Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Understanding commercial fish space use around Marine Renewable Energy sites: novel acoustic array-based fish tracking and monitoring at Wave Hub, Cornwall Sims, D., Cotterell, S. Report Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates
Underwater Anthropogenic Sound: Understanding the potential impacts on the marine environment and the influence on crab larval behaviour Pine, M. Thesis Marine Energy, Tidal Noise Invertebrates
Wave & Tidal Consenting Position Paper Series: Impacts on Fish and Shellfish Ecology Freeman, S., Hawkins, K., Kirby, A. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Fish, Invertebrates
Does exposure to noise from human activities compromise sensory information from cephalopod statocysts? Solé, M., Lenoir, M., Durfort, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Noise Invertebrates
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