United States of America

United States of America (USA) is located in North America, covers 9,833,517 km2 (3,796,742 mile2) of land surface, and has a population of 333 million people (UN data, 2021). The USA’s primary energy production is 25,245 terawatt-hours (TWh), and energy supply per capita is 79 MWh (UN data, 2021). Oil is the largest source of energy consumed, accounting for 38% of the national total (Our World in Data, 2023). The USA is home to 1,841 threatened species (UN data, 2021).

The USA is currently a member of Ocean Energy Systems, participating in OES-Environmental. The USA had 2 policy and 6 project highlights in the 2023 OES Annual Report.

The USA is currently a member of IEA Wind, participating in WREN. The USA had a total installed wind power capacity of 144.2 GW by the end of 2022, an increase of 8.30 GW from the year before (IEA-Wind 2022 Annual Report).

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with United States of America.

Total: 2556

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
AWWI Technical Report: 2nd Edition: Summary of Bat Fatality Monitoring Data Contained in AWWIC Allison, T., Butryn, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
AWWI Technical Report: 2nd Edition: Summary of Bird Fatality Monitoring Data Contained in AWWIC Allison, T., Butryn, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Above and below: Military Aircraft Noise in Air and under Water at Whidbey Island, Washington Kuehne, L., Erbe, C., Ashe, E. Journal Article Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Using benthic macrofaunal assemblages to define habitat types on the northeast pacific sedimentary shelf and slope Henkel, S., Gilbane, L. Journal Article Marine Energy Habitat Change
Octopus’s garden under the blade: Boosting biodiversity increases willingness to pay for offshore wind in the United States Klain, S., Satterfield, T., Chan, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Validation of a Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport Modeling Framework for the Evaluation of Offshore Wind Farms Jones, C., Chang, G., Magalen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality
Cumulative Noise Impacts to Marine Mammals from Offshore Wind Development and Operations Southall, B., Rosenbaum, H. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Wind Turbines and Shadow Flicker: Facts and Proven Mitigation Strategies The American Clean Power Association Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions
Use of Upland and Riparian Areas by Wintering Bald Eagles and Implications for Wind Energy Schmuecker, S., Becker, D., Lanzone, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Sediment Deposition Following Construction of a Breakwater Harbor: Point Judith Harbor of Refuge, Rhode Island, USA Oakley, B., Murphy, C., Lee, K. Journal Article Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions
Comparing methods to estimate the proportion of turbine-induced bird and bat mortality in the search area under a road and pad search protocol Maurer, J., Huso, M., Dalthorp, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Offshore Wind Energy and the Fishing Industry in the Northeastern USA Pol, M., Ford, K. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement
Vineyard Wind 1 Demersal Trawl Survey Summer 2020 Seasonal Report Rillahan, C. , He, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
New York Environmental Technical Working Group (E-TWG) Meeting Summary – 5 October 2020 Gulka, J. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds
The “Green on Green” Conflict in Wind Energy Development: A Case Study of Environmentally Conscious Individuals in Oklahoma, USA Burch, C., Loraamm, R., Gliedt, T. Journal Article Wind Energy
Place meaning and consistency with offshore wind: An island and coastal tale Russell, A., Firestone, J., Bidwell, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind (CVOW) Siemens Gamesa Project Site Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Identifying Important Juvenile Dusky Shark Habitat in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean Using Acoustic Telemetry and Spatial Modeling Bangley, C., Curtis, T., Secor, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Benthic and Epifaunal Monitoring During Wind Turbine Installation and Operation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island - Project Report Hutchison, Z., Bartley, M., English, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Behavioral responses of fish to a current-based hydrokinetic turbine under multiple operational conditions Grippo, M., Zydlewski, G., Shen, H. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Collision Fish
Block Island Wind Farm Beached Bird Survey – Final Summary Report 2019 Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Applying Two Active Acoustic Technologies to Document Presence of Large Marine Animal Targets at a Marine Renewable Energy Site Staines, G., Zydlewski, G., Viehman, H. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
West Coast Perceptions of Wave Energy: A Survey of California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia Residents Boudet, H., Brandt, D., Stelmach, G. Report Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Stakeholder Benefits and Concerns Emery, C., Casali, L., Severy, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
South Fork Wind Fisheries Research and Monitoring Plan South Fork Wind, INSPIRE Environmental Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Worth a thousand words: Presenting wind turbines in virtual reality reveals new opportunities for social acceptance and visualization research Cranmer, A., Ericson, J., Ebers Broughel, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
The effect of offshore wind power projects on recreational beach use on the east coast of the United States: Evidence from contingent-behavior data Parsons, G., Firestone, J., Yan, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Sixth Interim Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Existing Conditions and Potential Environmental Effects HT Harvey and Associates Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
An evaluation of bird and bat mortality at wind turbines in the Northeastern United States Choi, D., Wittig, T., Kluever, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Summer day-roost selection by eastern red bats varies between areas with different land-use histories Monarchino, M., Behan, M., Johnson, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats
Multi-modal Approach for Benthic Impact Assessments in Moraine Habitats: a Case Study at the Block Island Wind Farm Guarinello, M., Carey, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Resource selection of apex raptors: implications for siting energy development in sagebrush and prairie ecosystems Squires, J., Olson, L., Wallace, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Vineyard Wind Demersal Trawl Survey 2019/2020 Annual Report He, P., Rillahan, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Fifth Interim Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
The effect of offshore wind power projects on recreational beach use on the east coast of the United States: Evidence from contingent-behavior data Parsons, G., Firestone, J., Yan, L. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism
Voters support the construction of new offshore wind farms Deiseroth, D., Winter, E., NoiseCat, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Identifying areas of wetland and wind turbine overlap in the south-central Great Plains of North America Heintzman, L., Auerbach, E., Kilborn, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Legal system for the development of marine renewable energy in the USA: a thorough analysis Chang, Y., Liu, H., Liu, C. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Ontogenetic variation in the auditory sensitivity of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) and the implications of anthropogenic sound on behavior and communication Stanley, J., Caiger, P., Phelan, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
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