Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6422
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Life cycle assessment of onshore and offshore wind energy-from theory to application Bonou, A., Laurent, A., Olsen, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Carbon footprint accounting of a typical wind farm in China Li, S., Chen, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Camera technology for monitoring marine biodiversity and human impact Bicknell, A., Godley, B., Sheehan, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Invertebrates, Fish
Seasonal activity patterns of European bats above intensively used farmland Heim, O., Schröder, A., Eccard, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore New York Revised Environmental Assessment Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Who cares? European attitudes towards marine and coastal environments Potts, T., Pita, C., O'Higgins, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Studying cetacean behaviour: new technological approaches and conservation applications Nowacek, D., Christiansen, F., Bejder, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Seabirds and Offshore Wind Farms in European Waters: Avoidance and Attraction Dierschke, V., Furness, R., Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Avoidance, Attraction Seabirds, Birds
Norfolk Vanguard Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report Royal Haskoning Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Potential benefits and secondary impacts Wiser, R., Bolinger, M., Heath, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Estimating the Political, Economic and Environmental Factors' Impact on the Installed Wind Capacity Development: A System GMM Approach Biresselioglu, M., Kilinc, D., Onater-Isberk, E. Journal Article Wind Energy Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Recent Developments in Ocean Energy and Offshore Wind: Financial Challenges and Environmental Misconceptions Esteban, M., Gasparatos, A., Doll, C. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Landscape design: Integrating ecological, social, and economic considerations into conservation planning Bartuszevige, A., Taylor, K., Daniels, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Individual preferences regarding environmental offset and welfare compensation: a choice experiment application to an offshore wind farm project Kermagoret, C., Levrel, H., Carlier, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Site Assessment of the Floating Wind Turbine Hywind Demo Onstad, A., Stokke, M., Sætran, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow
National Offshore Wind Strategy: Facilitating the Development of the Offshore Wind Industry in the United States Gilman, P., Maurer, B., Feinberg, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Hybrid Wave and Offshore Wind Farms: A Comparative Case Study of Co-located Layouts Astariz, S., Perez-Collazo, C., Abanades, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Media and policy in a complex adaptive system: Insights from wind energy legislation in the United States Smith, H., Smith, J., Silka, L. Journal Article Wind Energy Social & Economic Data, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Evaluating Digital VHF Technology to Monitor Shorebird and Seabird Use of Offshore Wind Energy Areas in the Western North Atlantic Loring, P. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Collision Shorebirds, Seabirds, Birds
Assessing The Benefit Of Noise Reduction Measures During Offshore Wind Farm Construction On Harbour Porpoises Verfuss, U., Plunkett, R., Booth, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Wind energy, nest success, and post‐fledging survival of Buteo hawks Kolar, P., Bechard, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Raptors, Birds
Biodiversity and wind energy in Kenya: Revealing landscape and wind turbine perceptions in the world’s wildlife capital Nordman, E., Mutinda, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Visual Impacts, Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Predicting the offshore distribution and abundance of marine birds with a hierarchical community distance sampling model Goyert, H., Gardner, B., Sollmann, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Seabirds, Birds
Ocean sprawl: challenges and opportunities for biodiversity management in a changing world Firth, L., Knights, A., Bridger, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions
Terrestrial and marine foraging strategies of an opportunistic seabird species breeding in the Wadden Sea Garthe, S., Schwemmer, P., Paiva, V. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals
Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on North Sea Stratification Carpenter, J., Merckelbach, L., Callies, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality
Mitigation Measures for Wildlife in Wind Energy Development, Consolidating the State of Knowledge - Part 1: Planning and Siting, Construction Gartman, V., Bulling, L., Dahmen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy
Environmental impact and capacity analysis of renewable energy resources: Case study of wind energy in Turkey Degirmenci, S. Thesis Wind Energy
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summary of Summer 2016 Digital Survey #1 Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Structure-Borne Wave Radiation by Impact and Vibratory Piling in Offshore Installations: From Sound Prediction to Auditory Damage Tsouvalas, A., Metrikine, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
The Turbulent Wake of a Monopile Foundation Rogan, C., Miles, J., Simmonds, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow
Windmill Noise Annoyance, Visual Aesthetics, and Attitudes towards Renewable Energy Sources Klaeboe, R., Sundfor, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Beatrice Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Consultation Version) Repsol, Genesis Oil and Gas Consultants Ltd Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Assessing potential spatial and temporal conflicts in Washington's marine waters Freeman, M., Whiting, L., Kelley, R. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Predicting Eagle Fatalities at Wind Facilities Bay, K., Nasman, K., Erickson, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Displacement of seabirds by an offshore wind farm in the North Sea Welcker, J., Nehls, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Displacement Seabirds, Birds
Bats in a tropical wind farm: species composition and importance of the spatial attributes of vegetation cover on bat fatalities Bolivar-Cime, B., Bolivar-Cime, A., Cabrera-Cruz, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Quarterly Report for Aquatic Sampling: Project Icebreaker Pre-Construction Monitoring 2nd Quarter Verhamme, E., Daley, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish
Post-Construction Avian and Bat Mortality Monitoring at the Alta X Wind Energy Project, Kern County, California. Final Report for the Second Year of Operation: April 2015 – April 2016 Thompson, J., Boyd, C., Lombardi, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
A survey on bird activity monitoring and collision avoidance techniques in windmill turbines Aishwarya, K., Kathryn, J., Lakshmi, R. Conference Paper Wind Energy Collision Birds
Displaying 3521 - 3560 of 6422 results