Collision

Direct contact between an animal and a device component.

Any part of a renewable energy device that moves has the potential to have a deleterious effect on both resident and migratory organisms. Collisions between animals and tidal or wind turbine blades could result in injury or death, either by direct contact with the device or by pressure changes created around the moving parts. The probability of a collision with a blade may vary based on the rotational or mechanical speed of the moving parts, the presence and density of animals in the area, the time of day, weather conditions, and the ability of animals to sense and evade the device. Carcasses found around land-based wind turbines provide an estimate of bird and bat fatalities, while it is much more difficult to estimate the effect of collisions with offshore wind turbines. To date there have been no observed collisions of marine mammals or diving seabirds with tidal turbines. Wave energy devices also have moving parts such as heave plates, flaps, and other large heavy components that could potentially cause harm, although the likelihood is thought to be extremely small. Collisions resulting in injury and death of individual animals with moving parts of devices become particularly important if the loss of those individuals affect the stability and sustainability of the population in the area.

For more information relevant to marine energy, check out the Collision Risk Short Science Summary produced by OES-Environmental.

For more information relevant to offshore wind energy, check out the Bat and Bird Interactions with Offshore Wind Energy research brief produced by SEER.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Collision.

Total: 1586

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Framework for Testing the Effectiveness of Bat and Eagle Impact-Reduction Strategies at Wind Energy Projects Sinclair, K., DeGeorge, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Raptors, Birds, Bats
Wind Energy Industry Eagle Detection and Deterrents: Research Gaps and Solutions Workshop Summary Report Sinclair, K., DeGeorge, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Wind Energy Development: Methods for Assessing Risks to Birds and Bats Pre-Construction Katzner, T., Bennett, V., Miller, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Reconciling endangered species conservation with wind farm development: Cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus) in south-eastern Europe Vasilakis, D., Whitfield, D., Schindler, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Impact of Wind Energy on Bats: A Summary of Our Current Knowledge Hein, C., Schirmacher, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats
Satellite-Tracking of Bewick's Swan Migration in Relation to Offshore and Onshore Wind Farm Sites: Final Report Griffin, L.R., Rees, E.C., Hughes, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Final Report Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area Bird Fatality Study, Monitoring Years 2005–2013 ICF International Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Testing sensitivity of metrics of seabird population response to offshore wind farm impacts Cook, A., Robinson, R. Report Wind Energy Collision, Displacement Birds
Avian Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities in North America: A Comparison of Recent Approaches Johnson, D., Loss, S., Smallwood, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
A Theoretical Approach to Estimating Bird Risk of Collision with Wind Turbines Where Empirical Flight Activity Data Are Lacking Furness, R., Trinder, M., MacArthur, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Collision Birds
Ten of the worst-cited wind energy projects for birds American Bird Conservancy Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Prioritizing Avian Species for Their Risk of Population Level Consequences from Wind Energy Development Beston, J., Diffendorfer, J., Loss, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Brims Tidal Array Collision Risk Modelling - Atlantic Salmon Xodus Group Report Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Collision Fish, Pelagic Fish
Assessing spring direct mortality to avifauna from wind energy facilities in the Dakotas Graff, B., Jenks, J., Stafford, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Guidelines For Environmental Impact Studies On Marine Biodiversity For Offshore Windfarm Projects In The Baltic Sea Region Baltic Environmental Forum – Latvia Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Vertical Flow Simulations Using the Mesoscale Model to Assess Impacts on Soaring Birds around Offshore Wind Turbines Konagaya, M., Takahashi, M., Kato, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Seabirds
A Self-Contained Subsea Platform for Acoustic Monitoring of the Environment Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices - Field Deployments at Wave and Tidal Energy Sites in Orkney, Scotland Williamson, B., Blondel, P., Armstrong, E. Journal Article Wave, Tidal, Marine Energy Collision Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Impacts to Birds and Bats Due to Collisions and Electrocutions from Some Tall Structures in the United States: Wires, Towers, Turbines, and Solar Arrays - State of the Art in Addressing the Problems Manville, A. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Bird collisions at an offshore platform in the North Sea Hüppop, O., Huppop, K., Diersche, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Avian Collision Risk Models for Wind Energy Impact Assessments Masden, E., Cook, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Refining Estimates of Collision Risk for Harbour Seals and Tidal Turbines Band, B., Sparling, C., Thompson, D. Report Tidal, Marine Energy Collision Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
2015 Bird and Bat Post Construction Monitoring Report – Laurel Mountain Wind Energy Project Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Problematic Wildlife: A Cross-Disciplinary Approach Angelici, F. Book Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds, Bats
Data Based Estimates of Collision Risk: An Example Based on Harbour Seal Tracking Data around a Proposed Tidal Turbine Array in the Pentland Firth Thompson, D., Onoufriou, J., Brownlow, A. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Conflicts Between Birds and On-Shore Wind Farms Zwart, M., McKenzie, A., Minderman, J. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
Networking Networks for Global Bat Conservation Kingston, T., Aguirre, L., Armstrong, K. Book Chapter Wind Energy Collision Bats
Evaluating Threats in Multinational Marine Ecosystems: A Coast Salish First Nations and Tribal Perspective Gaydos, J., Thixton, S., Donatuto, J. Journal Article Chemicals, Collision, Noise Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data
Using DNA barcoding to improve bat carcass identification at wind farms in the United States Korstian, J., Hale, A., Bennett, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Impact of wind facilities on bats in the Neotropics Rodríguez-Durán, A., Feliciano-Robles, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Bats
La conservación de los murciélagos y el desarrollo eólico: El caso de Chile Ossa, G, Juarez, C., Vargas-Rodriguez, R Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Direct Mortality of Birds from Anthropogenic Causes Loss, S., Will, T., Marra, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
Three Dimensional Tracking of a Wide-Ranging Marine Predator: Flight Heights and Vulnerability to Offshore Wind Farms Cleasby, I., Wakefield, E., Bearhop, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Seabirds, Birds
Synopsis des internationalen Kenntnisstandes zum Einfluss der Windenergie auf Fledermäuse und Vögel und Spezifizierung für die Schweiz Muller, J., Warnke, M., Reichenbach, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Post-Construction Avian and Bat Fatality at the Horse Butte Wind Facility, Years 1–3 SWCA Environmental Consultants Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
An autonomous GPS geofence alert system to curtail avian fatalities at wind farms Sheppard, J., McGann, A., Lanzone, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Pink-footed goose anthropogenic mortality review: collision risk modelling WWT Consulting Report Wind Energy Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Pink-footed goose anthropogenic mortality review: avoidance rate review WWT Consulting Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Developing an Avian Collision Risk Model to Incorporate Variability and Uncertainty Masden, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Impacts of Wind Energy on Environment: A Review Wang, S., Wang, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats, Birds
Towards a Cumulative Collision Risk Assessment of Local and Migrating Birds in North Sea Offshore Wind Farms Brabant, R., Vanermen, N., Steinen, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Seabirds, Passerines, Birds
Displaying 921 - 960 of 1586 results