Marine Mammals

A broad term that encompasses cetaceans, pinnipeds, and others.

Marine mammals include pinnipeds (seals, sea lions), cetaceans (dolphins and whales), and sea otters. Because these organisms have fairly advanced cognitive abilities, it is fairly difficult to gauge how offshore renewable energy devices will affect marine mammals. Some of these organisms use echolocation to communicate and navigate themselves through the marine environment, which poses a concern as noise emitted from offshore renewable energy devices can have the potential to mask or hide echolocation of marine mammals. Some marine mammals also have very sensitive hearing, which makes these organisms vulnerable to loud noises generated underwater (i.e. pile driving/construction). With these issues in mind, the stressors that pose the greatest risks to marine mammals are collision, habitat change, and displacement, as well as noise.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Marine Mammals.

Total: 1579

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Offshore Wind Lease Issuance, Site Characterization, and Site Assessment: Central and Northern California Reeb, D., Schroeder, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Research progress and prospects of gliding robots applied in ocean observation Tian, B., Guo, J., Song, Y. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
New England Wind COP Appendix III-M: Assessing the Potential Acoustic Impact on Marine Fauna during Construction of New England Wind Epsilon Associates Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Offshore Construction Sounds and Marine Life BOEM Summary Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Offshore Wind Priority Conflict Topics for Marine Mammals and Birds Courbis, S., Pacini, A., Williams, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Kurtosis analysis of sounds from down-the-hole pile installation and the implications for marine mammal auditory impairment Guan, S., Brookens, T., Miner, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Convergence of emerging technologies: development of a risk-based paradigm for marine mammal monitoring for offshore wind energy operations Macrander, A., Brzuzy, L., Raghukumar, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Floating Offshore Wind: Environmental Interactions Roadmap: Public Summary Report ORE Catapult, Xodus Group Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Navigation
Sympatric Seals, Satellite Tracking and Protected Areas: Habitat-Based Distribution Estimates for Conservation and Management Carter, M., Boehme, L., Cronin, M. Journal Article Displacement Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Behavioural responses by seals to offshore energy activities Whyte, K. Thesis Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Skipjack Wind Farm (SJW02) 2021 IHA Geophysical Surveys BOEM Lease OCS-A 0519: Protected Species Observer Technical Report Gardline Ltd. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Unravelling the ecological impacts of large-scale offshore wind farms in the Mediterranean Sea Lloret, J., Turiel, A., Solé, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Recreation & Tourism
Whales and Offshore Wind Development US Wind Summary Wind Energy Noise, Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Accelerating Market Uptake of Floating Offshore Wind Technology (AFLOWT) Brocklehurst, J. , Bradshaw, K. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Wildlife and Offshore Wind Development US Wind Summary Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Measurement and Modelling of Underwater Acoustic Noise induced by Offshore Wind Turbines under the Effects of Varying Oceanic and Sea-State Conditions Konow, T. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
DRAFT Ocean Wind 1 Offshore Wind Farm Biological Assessment BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II H1 - Underwater Acoustic Assessment Marine Acoustics, Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Underwater Acoustic Assessment of Pile Driving during Construction at the Maryland Offshore Wind Project Marine Acoustics Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Passive acoustic monitoring during the construction of the Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind project Lin, T., Newhall, A., Miller, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Commercial Wind Lease and Grant Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf Humboldt Wind Energy Area, California Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), BOEM Environmental Studies Program Report Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Guideline for underwater noise: Installation of impact or vibratory driven piles Danish Energy Agency Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Presence of Vessels: Effects of Vessel Collision on Marine Life SEER Summary Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) in the Tropics: An Overview of MRE Potential in Oaxaca, Mexico Oman, J. Report Marine Energy, Ocean Current, OTEC, Wave Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data
A Novel Approach to Using Seabed Geomorphology as a Predictor of Habitat Use in Highly Mobile Marine Predators: Implications for Ecology and Conservation Wyles, H., Boehme, L., Russell, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Acoustic detection range of right whale upcalls identified in near-real time from a moored buoy and a Slocum glider Johnson, H., Taggart, C., Newhall, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Comments on the March 22, 2022 Study Outcomes from Conservation Biology Institute Project Workshop Flick, P., Kelly, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Environmental Data Catalog for the Morro Bay Wind Energy Area Johnson, C., Currier, C., Howar, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles
Thames Estuary Harbour Porpoise Survey Report 2022 Zoological Society of London, Marine Conservation Research Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Acoustic signature reveals blue whales tune life-history transitions to oceanographic conditions Oestreich, W., Abrahms, B., Mckenna, M. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Adverse environmental impacts of wind farm installations and alternative research pathways to their mitigation Chowdhury, N., Shakib, M., Xu, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Potential impacts of floating wind turbine technology for marine species and habitats Maxwell, S., Kershaw, F., Locke, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Report 2021 Magnus, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Hywind Scotland Floating Offshore Wind Farm: Sound Source Characterisation of Operational Floating Turbines Burns, R., Martin, S., Wood, M. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Mayflower Wind Fugro Geophysical Survey 2021 IHA Final Protected Species Observer Report Final Milne, S., RPS group Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Behavioral Responses of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Depend on the Frequency Content of Pile-Driving Sounds Kastelein, R., Jong, C., Tougaard, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Ontogeny and synchrony of diving behavior in Humpback whale mothers and calves on their breeding ground Huetz, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Marine Mammal HiCUP: A High Current Underwater Platform for the Long-Term Monitoring of Fine-Scale Marine Mammal Behavior Around Tidal Turbines Gillespie, D., Oswald, M., Hastie, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Marine Mammals
ORJIP Ocean Energy Information Note: Electromagnetic Field Emissions Offshore Renewables Joint Industry Programme (ORJIP) Report Marine Energy EMF Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Understanding the Value of Strategic Evidence Surveys to Support the Tidal Steam Energy Sector in Wales Wood, D., Griffith, A., Basic, T. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
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