Bats

Mammals with webbed wings capable of true flight.

Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera that can be divided into major groups. Megachiroptera are medium to large-sized bats that typically eat fruit, pollen, or nectar, while some eat small land animals or fish. Microchiroptera are smaller bats that typically eat insects. Bats are the only mammals capable of true flight thanks to their membranous wings and are considered at risk from collision with both land-based and offshore wind turbines.

While little is known about bats’ abilities to avoid artificial structures, they have been observed avoiding offshore wind turbines by increasing their flight altitudes while foraging. However, artificial lighting may attract insects toward wind energy turbines, which may encourage bats to remain in the vicinity. Collision risk remains the most common concern regarding bats and land-based wind and offshore wind energy.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents Related to Bats

Total results: 1115
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Hawaiian Hoary Bat Guidance for Wind Energy Project Habitat Conservation Plans Endangered Species Recovery Committee, State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Forestry and Wildlife Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Post-construction Monitoring Study for the California Ridge Wind Farm Champaign and Vermilion Counties, Illinois DuBridge, K., Wilson, G., Ritzert, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Bilan annuel 2023 des études environnementales sur le parc éolien en mer de Saint-Nazaire Parc eolien en mer de St Nazaire Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Bats, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Post-Construction Monitoring Study for the Crescent Wind Project Hillsdale County, Michigan Fritchman, C., Ciecka, A., Pickle, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Localized Eco-Climatic Impacts of Onshore Wind Farms: A Review Ze, J., Xiuchun, Y., Ang, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment
Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind on the Marine Ecosystem and Associated Species: Background and Issues for Congress Keating-Bitoni, C., Marshak, A., Comay, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
A multisensory approach to understanding bat responses to wind energy developments Jonasson, K., Adams, A., Brokaw, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Experimental trials of species-specific bat flight responses to an ultrasonic deterrent Fritts, S., Guest, E., Weaver, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Die Auswirkungen von Windenergieanlagen an Waldstandorten auf Fledermäuse Voigt, C., Scholz, C., Ellerbrok, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Forest bat activity declines with increasing wind speed in proximity of operating wind turbines Ellerbrok, J., Farwig, N., Peter, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Noise Bats
Numbers of wildlife fatalities at renewable energy facilities in a targeted development region Conkling, T., Fesnock, A., Katzner, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Understanding fatality patterns and sex ratios of Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) at wind energy facilities in western California and Texas LiCari, S., Hale, A., Weaver, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Grand Challenges Revisited: Wind Energy Research Needs for a Global Energy Transition Veers, P., Dykes, K., Baranowski, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Noise Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
How far are birds, bats, and terrestrial mammals displaced from onshore wind power development? – A systematic review Tolvanen, A., Routavaara, H., Jokikokko, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Bidirectional movements of Nathusius’ pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus nathusii) during autumn at a major migration corridor Voigt, C., Kionka, J., Koblitz, J. Journal Article Bats
WILDetect: An intelligent platform to perform airborne wildlife census automatically in the marine ecosystem using an ensemble of learning techniques and computer vision Kuru, K., Clough, S., Ansell, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds
Exploration of potential collaboration on preventive, mitigation and compensation measures van der Kamp, M., Brekelmans, M., Verweij, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessing Areas for Interactions between Tricolored Bats and Wind Energy Facilities Rodriguez, R., Robbins, J., Quillen, J. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Disentangling mechanisms responsible for wind energy effects on European bats Leroux, C., Le Viol, I., Valet, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Quick scan of effects from large upscaling of offshore wind (part B) Odinga, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals
BatTool: projecting bat populations facing multiple stressors using a demographic model Wiens, A., Schorg, A., Szymanski, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Bats
Maryland Offshore Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Literature review of tri-colored bat natural history with implications to management McCoshum, S., Pratt, E., Lent, K. Journal Article Bats
Wind turbine power and land cover effects on cumulative bat deaths Moustakas, A., Georgiakakis, P., Kret, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
The Importance of Addressing Disagreements Between Nominal and Effective Treatments During Bat Mortality Minimization Validation Studies Clerc, J., Hein, C., Huso, M. Presentation Wind Energy Collision Bats, Human Dimensions
Quick scan of effects from large upscaling of offshore wind (part C) Quee, N. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Post-construction Bird and Bat Fatality Monitoring for Onshore Wind Energy Facilities in Emerging Market Countries: Good Practice Handbook and Decision Support Tool International Finance Corporation Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions
Bat Smart Curtailment: Efficacy and Operational Testing Vallejo, G., Saywers, D., Rodriguez, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Economic Impacts of Curtailing Wind Turbine Operations for the Protection of Bat Populations in Ontario Thurber, B., Kilpatrick, R., Tang, G. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Competing for space? A multi-criteria scenario framework intended to model the energy–biodiversity–land nexus for regional renewable energy planning based on a German case study Weber, J., Steinkamp, T., Reichenbach, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Marine Spatial Planning
Bat Behavior at Commercial Wind Turbines as Revealed by 3-D Thermal Videography Aghababian, S. Thesis Wind Energy Collision Bats
Acoustic monitoring reveals spatiotemporal occurrence of Nathusius’ pipistrelle at the southern North Sea during autumn migration Lagerveld, S., Wilkes, T., van Puijenbroek, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Bats
Maritime Spatial Planning in Europe: Discussion Paper on the Challenges and Potential Opportunities Around the Colocation of Offshore Wind Energy with Marine Protected Areas Stephenson, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Are offshore wind farms in the Netherlands a potential threat for coastal populations of noctule? Lagerveld, S., Mostert, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats
Bat mortality in wind farms of southern Europe: temporal patterns and implications in the current context of climate change del Mar Salguero, M., De la Cruz, A., Munoz, A-R. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions
Revolution Wind Farm and Revolution Wind Export Cable Project Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Spatiotemporal occurrence of bats at the southern North Sea 2017-2020 Lagerveld, S., Geelhoed, S., Wilkes, T. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Bat and Bird Data Analysis and Results Summary: Progress Report #5 Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy Noise Bats, Birds
Acoustic bat activity at wind turbines in temperate forests - Avoidance patterns and potential causes Ellerbrok, J. Thesis Wind Energy Bats, Human Dimensions
Fall migration, oceanic movement, and site residency patterns of eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) on the mid-Atlantic Coast True, M., Gorman, K., Taylor, H. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats
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