2021 JNCC Offshore Wind Evidence and Change Programme: Offshore Wind Environmental Evidence Register
Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)
June 2021
Webpage
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind , Floating Offshore Wind
Human Dimensions
A framework for improving treatment of uncertainty in offshore wind assessments for protected marine birds
Searle, K. , O'Brien, S. , Jones, E.
March 2023
Journal Article
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Collision , Displacement
Birds , Seabirds , Shorebirds
A new strategic framework to structure Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA)
Declerck, M. , Trifonova, N. , Black, J.
December 2022
Journal Article
Marine Energy , Wind Energy
Human Dimensions
Aerial surveys of aggregations of seaducks, divers and grebes in UK inshore areas outside the breeding season in 2007/08
Lewis, M. , Wilson, L.J. , Söhle, I.
August 2009
Report
Marine Energy
Birds
Assessing the risks to marine mammal populations from renewable energy devices: an interim approach
Lusseau, D. , Christiansen, F. , Harwood, J.
January 2012
Report
Marine Energy
Marine Mammals
Atlas of Cetacean distribution in north-west European waters
Reid, J. , Evans, P. , Northridge, S.
January 2003
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind , Floating Offshore Wind
Marine Mammals
Background to the advice on noise management within harbour porpoise SACs in England, Wales and Northern Ireland
JNCC
May 2020
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Noise
Marine Mammals , Cetaceans
Better estimates of collision mortality to black-legged kittiwakes at offshore windfarms
Black, J. , Cook, A. , Anderson, O.
December 2019
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Collision
Birds , Seabirds
Better linking effects of offshore windfarms on black-legged kittiwakes to populations
Black, J. , Ruffino, L.
January 2020
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Collision
Birds , Seabirds
Bird and Bat Species' Global Vulnerability to Collision Mortality at Wind Farms Revealed Through a Trait-Based Assessment
Thaxter, C. , Buchanan, G. , Carr, J.
September 2017
Journal Article
Wind Energy
Attraction , Avoidance , Collision , Displacement
Bats , Birds
Black-legged kittiwake population dynamics and drivers of population change in the context of offshore wind development
Ruffino, L. , Thompson, D. , O'Brien, S.
May 2020
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Collision , Displacement
Birds , Seabirds
Breeding density, fine-scale tracking, and large-scale modeling reveal the regional distribution of four seabird species
Wakefield, E. , Owen, E. , Baer, J.
October 2017
Journal Article
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Seabirds , Birds
Consultation Report: Harbour porpoise SACs noise guidance
JNCC
May 2020
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Noise
Marine Mammals , Cetaceans
Density dependence and marine bird populations: are wind farm assessments precautionary?
Horswill, C. , O'Brien, S. , Robinson, R.
October 2017
Journal Article
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Seabirds , Birds
Developing a Habitat Loss Method for Assessing Displacement Impacts from Offshore Wind Farms
Busch, M. , Buisson, R. , Barrett, Z.
March 2015
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Displacement
Seabirds , Birds
Development of a computable general equilibrium model based on integrated macroeconomic framework for ocean multi-use between offshore wind farms and fishing activities in Scotland
Qu, Y. , Hooper, T. , Austen, M.
February 2023
Journal Article
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind , Floating Offshore Wind
Human Dimensions , Fisheries , Social & Economic Data
Estimates of cetacean abundance in European Atlantic waters in summer 2022 from the SCANS-IV aerial and shipboard surveys
Gilles, A. , Authier, M. , Ramirez-Martinez, N.
September 2023
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind , Floating Offshore Wind
Marine Mammals , Cetaceans
Evidence review of harbour porpoise disturbance ranges in the context of the assessment and management of impulsive noise in Special Areas of Conservation: impact piling
Brown, A. , Majewska, K. , Benhemma-Le Gall, A.
September 2025
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind , Floating Offshore Wind
Noise
Marine Mammals , Cetaceans
Evidence review of harbour porpoise disturbance ranges in the context of the assessment and management of impulsive noise in Special Areas of Conservation: unexploded ordnance clearance, explosives for decommissioning, seismic (airgun) survey, etc.
Majewska, K. , Brown, A. , Charish, R.
September 2025
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Noise
Marine Mammals , Cetaceans
Feasibility Study for Meta-Analysis of Red-Throated Diver Displacement
Dirksen, S. , Coppack, T. , Searle, K.
July 2017
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Displacement
Birds , Waterfowl
Feasibility study of large-scale deployment of colour-ringing on Black-legged Kittiwake populations to improve the realism of demographic models assessing the population impacts of offshore wind farms
O’Hanlon, N.J. , Wischnewski, S. , Ewing, D.
June 2021
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Collision , Displacement
Birds , Seabirds
First biologging record of a foraging Red-Throated Loon Gavia stellata shows shallow and efficient diving in freshwater environments
Duckworth, J. , O'Brien, S. , Väisänen, R.
April 2020
Journal Article
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Birds , Seabirds
Fisheries independent surveys in a new era of offshore wind energy development
Lipsky, A. , Silva, A. , Gilmour, F.
May 2024
Journal Article
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Human Dimensions , Fisheries
Guidance for assessing the significance of noise disturbance against Conservation Objectives of harbour porpoise SACs
JNCC , Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs , Natural England
May 2020
Guidance
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Noise
Marine Mammals , Cetaceans
Guide to Population Models used in Marine Mammal Impact Assessment
Sparling, C. , Thompson, D. , Booth, C.
August 2017
Report
Marine Energy
Marine Mammals
Impacts of climate change on seabirds, relevant to the coastal and marine environment around the UK
Mitchell, I. , Daunt, F. , Frederiksen, M.
January 2020
Report
Marine Energy
Birds , Seabirds
Impulsive noise pollution in the Northeast Atlantic: Reported activity during 2015–2017
Merchant, N. , Andersson, M. , Box, T.
March 2020
Journal Article
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Noise
Marine Mammals
JNCC Report 736: Red-Throated Diver Energetics Project Final Report 2023
Thompson, D.L. , Duckworth, J. , Ruffino, L.
April 2023
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Displacement
Birds , Seabirds
JNCC Report No. 605: Possible Behavioural, Energetic and Demographic Effects of Displacement of Red-throated Divers
Dierschke, V. , Furness, R. , Gray, C.
June 2017
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Displacement
Birds , Seabirds
JNCC Report No. 627 Red-Throated Diver Energetics Project 2018 Field Season Report
O'Brien, S. , Ruffino, L. , Lehikoinen, P.
November 2018
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Displacement
Birds , Seabirds
JNCC Report No. 637: Red-Throated Diver Energetics Project 2019 Field Season Report
O'Brien, S. , Ruffino, L. , Johnson, L.
January 2020
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Displacement
Birds , Seabirds
JNCC Report No. 673: Red-Throated Diver Energetics Project 2020 Field Season Report
Thompson, D. , O'Brien, S. , Ruffino, L.
December 2020
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Displacement
Birds , Seabirds
JNCC Report No. 697: Red-Throated Diver Energetics Project 2021 Field Season Report
Thompson, D. , Johnson, L. , Williams, J.
January 2022
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Displacement
Birds , Seabirds
Joint SNCB Interim Displacement Advice Note
Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) , Natural England
January 2017
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Collision , Displacement
Birds
Joint Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies Position Statement: ORJIP Project 4, Stage 1 of Phase 2
Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies (SNCB)
October 2016
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Noise , Attraction
Marine Mammals
Managing Underwater Noise in European Waters - Implementing the Marine Strategy Framework Directive
Tasker, M. , Amundin, M. , André, M.
January 2012
Book Chapter
Noise
Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund (MALSF): Achievements and Challenges for the Future
Marine Aggregate Levy Sustainability Fund
March 2010
Report
Marine Energy
Human Dimensions , Legal & Policy
Nature Conservation Guidance on Offshore Windfarm Development - A Guidance Note on the Implications of the EC Wild Birds and Habitats Directives for Developers Undertaking Offshore Windfarm Developments
UK Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)
March 2005
Report
Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Ocean sprawl facilitates dispersal and connectivity of protected species
Henry, L. , Mayorga-Adame, C. , Fox, A.
August 2018
Journal Article
Marine Energy , Wind Energy , Fixed Offshore Wind
Habitat Change
Invertebrates
Possible Behavioural, Energetic and Demographic Effects of Displacement of Red-throated Divers
Dierschke, V. , Furness, R. , Gray, C.
June 2017
Report
Displacement
Birds , Waterfowl