Land-Based Wind

Capturing energy from onshore wind.

Land-based wind energy technologies harness kinetic energy from the wind to generate electricity. While wind energy is very abundant in many parts of the world, wind resource development may compete with other land uses and have the potential to negatively impact birds and bats, terrestrial mammals, and the physical environment overall.

The greatest environmental concern with land-based wind is collision risk for birds and bats. The construction and maintenance process can alter the physical environment by destroying or fragmenting key habitats. There are also concerns about noise and visual impacts to both the environment and people. Effects of transmission lines are also a consideration as they produce an electromagnetic field that may be harmful to some organisms. Additionally, changes in flow may also be a concern, with large wind farms potentially causing large-scale atmospheric changes.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Land-Based Wind.

Total: 2205

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Conservation and management issues for the Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli Forest National Park Catsadorakis, G., Kati, V., Liarikos, C. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Incidence and Management of Live and Injured Bats at Wind Energy Facilities Klug, B., Baerwald, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
GIS-Based Environmental Assessment of Wind Energy Systems for Spatial Planning: A Case Study from Western Turkey Aydin, N., Kentel, E., Duzgun, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions
Bird migration monitoring in the AES Geo Power Wind Park territory, Kaliakra region, in autumn 2010 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Passerines, Birds
Saint Nikola Wind Farm: 2010 Breeding Bird Survey Zehtindjiev, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Post‐Construction Bat and Bird Fatality Study at the Blue Sky Green Field Wind Energy Center, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin: July 21, 2008 – October 31, 2008 and March 15, 2009 – June 4, 2009 Gruver, J., Sonnenburg, M., Bay, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Bats on the move Popa-Lisseanu, A., Voigt, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
What is the Impact of Wind Farms on Birds? A Case Study in Southern Spain Farfan, M., Vargas, J., Duarte, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision Birds
Geographic Variation in Activity and Fatality of Migratory Bats at Wind Energy Facilities Baerwald, E., Barclay, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Differences in bat activity in relation to bat detector height: implications for bat surveys at proposed windfarm sites Collins, J., Jones, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Life cycle energy and greenhouse emissions analysis of wind turbines and the effect of size on energy yield Crawford, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Life Cycle Assessment, Human Dimensions
Ripley Wind Power Project Post-Construction Monitoring Report Jacques Whitford Stantec Limited Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Modelling Human Impacts on the Tasmanian Wedge-Tailed Eagle (Aquila audax fleayi) Bekessy, S., Wintle, B., Gordon, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Raptors, Birds
Map-Based Repowering and Reorganization of a Wind Resource Area to Minimize Burrowing Owl and Other Bird Fatalities Smallwood, K., Neher, L., Bell, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Preliminary Flora and Fauna Assessment - Penshurst Wind Farm McMahon, A., Marr, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change
Collision Risk of Birds with Modern Large Wind Turbines Krijgsveld, K., Akershoek, K., Schenk, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Interim summary: bat acoustic monitoring at the proposed Blue Creek Wind Farm, Paulding and Van Wert County, Ohio BHE Environmental Inc Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Range Management Practices to Reduce Wind Turbine Impacts on Burrowing Owls and Other Raptors in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, California Smallwood, K., Neher, L., Bell, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Post-Construction Avian Monitoring Study for the Shiloh I Wind Power Project Solano County, California Kerlinger, P., Curry, R., Culp, L. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds, Bats
Port Elizabeth Wind Energy Facility Avifaunal and Bat Impact Assessment Strugnell, L., Smallie, J., Patterson-Abrolat, C. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds, Bats
Towers, Turbines, Power Lines, and Buildings-Steps Being Taken by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to Avoid or Minimize Take of Migratory Birds at these Structures Manville, A. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Potential Impacts of Wind Farm Energy Development on Upland Game Birds: Questions and Concerns Brennan, L., Perez, R., DeMaso, S. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Wind Energy Development, Prescribed Fire and Migratory Land Birds in the Southeastern United States: Breeding, Stopover, and Wintering Habitat Relationships Brennan, L., Ballard, B., Kuvlesky, W. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Sensitive Grassland Bird Species Habitat Assessment Arkwright Summit Wind Farm Tidhar, D., Courage, Z., Young, D. Jr. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
The Distribution of Breeding Birds around Upland Wind Farms Pearce-Higgins, J., Stephen, L., Langston, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Avoidance Birds
2008/2009 Annual Report for the Buena Vista Avian and Bat Monitoring Project Insignia Environmental Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Avian and Bat Fatality Rates at Old-Generation and Repowered Wind Turbines in California Smallwood, K., Karas, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds, Bats
A Large-Scale Mitigation Experiment to Reduce Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities Baerwald, E., Edworthy, J., Holder, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Bird species of concern at wind farms in New Zealand Powlesland, R. Book Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
An Investigation of the Wind Induced Background Sound Levels in Rural Areas for Existing and Proposed Wind Farms Bonsma, I., Munro, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Energy Sprawl or Energy Efficiency: Climate Policy Impacts on Natural Habitat for the United States of America McDonald, R., Fargione, J., Kiesecker, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes
Map-Based Repowering of the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area Based on Burrowing Owl Burrows, Raptor Flights, and Collisions with Wind Turbines Smallwood, K., Neher, L. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Land-Use Requirements of Modern Wind Power Plants in the United States Denholm, P., Hand, M., Jackson, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Comparison of Life Cycle Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Embodied Energy in Four Renewable Electricity Generation Technologies in New Zealand Rule, B., Worth, Z., Boyle, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
The Aversive Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation on Foraging Bats—A Possible Means of Discouraging Bats from Approaching Wind Turbines Nicholls, B., Racey, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, EMF Bats
Sage-Grouse and Wind Energy: Biology, Habits, and Potential Effects from Development Becker, J., Tagestad, J., Duberstein, C. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Avoidance Behavior by Prairie Grouse: Implications for Development of Wind Energy Pruett, C., Patten, M., Wolfe, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Avoidance Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Interim Report: Post-Construction Bat and Bird Fatality Study Blue Sky Green Field Wind Resource Area Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin Gruver, J., Bay, K., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Bats and Onshore Wind Farms: Site-by-Site Assessment and Post-Construction Monitoring Protocols Catherine, C., Spray, S. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Wind Power Plants and the Conservation of Birds and Bats in Spain: A Geographical Assessment Telleria, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Bats
Displaying 1761 - 1800 of 2205 results