Marine Energy

The generation of renewable energy from tides, waves, currents, salinity, and temperature gradients in the oceans, seas, and rivers.

Marine renewable energy (MRE), also known as ocean energy or marine and hydrokinetic energy (MHK), refers to the various ways to generate electricity from the world’s oceans, seas, and rivers. Movement of water occurs naturally in these bodies of water in the form of waves, tides, and currents. Although many are in early stages of research and development, there is a wide variety of MRE technologies capable of generating electricity from the movement of water, as well as from differences in water temperature and salinity.

The relevant technologies can be classified into the following categories:

The environmental concerns associated with MRE technologies vary substantially based on the technology type, device design, and location. The primary environmental concerns typically encompass animal collisions with dynamic devices, impacts from underwater noise, and concerns about changes to the physical environment.

Please note: Tethys classifies offshore wind energy separately from MRE.

Photo: Simec Atlantis

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents Related to Marine Energy

Total results: 3364
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Assessing Wave Energy Effects on Biodiversity: The Wave Hub Experience Witt, M., Sheehan, E., Broderick, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
The Lessons Learned from the Development of the Wind Energy Industry that Might be Applied to Marine Industry Renewables Garrad, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Full life cycle assessment of a wave energy converter Thomson, R., Harrison, G., Chick, J. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Effects of mid-frequency active sonar on hearing in fish Halvorsen, M., Zeddies, D., Ellison, W. Journal Article Marine Energy Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish
Interactive Marine Spatial Planning: Siting Tidal Energy Arrays around the Mull of Kintyre Alexander, K., Janssen, R., Arciniegas, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Aquamarine Power Marine Mammal Observation Report Richardson, M. Report Marine Energy, Wave Noise Marine Mammals
Analysis of Bird and Marine Mammal Data for Fall of Warness Tidal Test Site, Orkney Robbins, A. Report Tidal, Marine Energy Waterfowl, Shorebirds, Seabirds, Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Birds
Wave Energy: A Pacific Perspective Paasch, R., Ruehl, K., Hovland, J. Journal Article Wave, Marine Energy
The Environmental Interactions of Tidal and Wave Energy Generation Devices Frid, C., Andonegi, E., Depestele, J. Journal Article Wave, Tidal, Marine Energy Habitat Change Physical Environment
South West Marine Energy Park Prospectus Southwest Marine Energy Park Coalition Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
A Method for EIA Scoping of Wave Energy Converters - Based on Classification of the Used Technology Margheritini, L., Hansen, A., Frigaard, P. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave
Research for the Sustainable Development of Tidal Power in Maine Johnson, T., Zydlewski, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Human Dimensions
OES Annual Report 2011 Ocean Energy Systems (OES) Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Birds and Wave & Tidal Stream Energy: An Ecological Review McCluskie, A., Langston, R., Wilkinson, N. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds
From the Land to Sea and Back Again? Using Terrestrial Planning to Understand the Process of Marine Spatial Planning Kidd, S., Ellis, G. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Evaluating Acoustic Technologies to Monitor Aquatic Organisms at Renewable Energy Sites Horne, J., Parker-Stetter, S., Fresh, K. Report Marine Energy Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Admiralty Inlet Basin Flow Model Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Video Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow
Regional Locational Guidance for Wave and Tidal Energy in the Shetland Islands Tweddle, J., Gray, L., Kelly, C. Report Wave, Tidal, Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Multipurpose Marine Cadastre National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Website Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Marine Spatial Planning in the Context of the Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A roadmap for marine spatial planning: A critical examination of the European Commission's guiding principles based on their application in the Clyde MSP Pilot Project Flannery, W., Cinnéide, M. Journal Article Marine Energy Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Quantifying Benefits and Impacts of Fishing Exclusion Zones on Bio-Resources around Marine Renewable Energy Installations (QBEX) Blondel, P., Bryden, I., Conley, D. Research Study Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave Collision, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
SuperGen UK Centre for Marine Energy Research Research Councils UK Website Marine Energy
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology: The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life Popper, A., Hawkins, A. Book Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Roosevelt Island Tidal Energy (RITE) Project Pilot Verdant Power Project Site Marine Energy, Tidal
Acoustic Environmental Monitoring - Wello Penguin Cooling System Noise Study Beharie, R., Side, J. Report Marine Energy, Wave Noise
Putting the Pieces Together: Alternatives Analysis and Decision Support Halsey, K., Manson, P. Presentation Wave, Marine Energy
Impacts of Large Scale Wave Energy Converter Arrays on the Regional Wave Climate Christie, D., Greenwood, C., McClatchey, J. Research Study Marine Energy, Wave Changes in Flow Physical Environment
The Interaction of Pelagic, Migratory and Protected Fishes with Marine Renewable Energy Projects: Recent Studies and Knowledge Gaps Nelson, P. Presentation Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, EMF, Habitat Change Fish, Pelagic Fish
Marine Scotland Policy Development for Marine Renewables and Offshore Wind Covering Marine Planning and Licensing Scottish Government Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
A Marine Spatial Planning Approach to Select Suitable Areas for Installing Wave Energy Converters on the Basque Continental Shelf (Bay of Biscay) Galparsoro, I., Liria, P., Legorburu, I. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Impact of Tidal Energy Converter (TEC) Arrays on the Dynamics of Headland Sand Banks Neill, S., Jordan, J., Couch, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Physical Environment
The Effect of Tidal Power Generation on Sediment Transport in Muskeget Channel University of Massachusetts Report Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Marine Spatial Planning: A New Frontier? Jay, S., Ellis, G., Kidd, S. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Oregon Marine Map MarineMap Consortium Website Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Monitoring and Evaluation of Spatially Managed Areas (MESMA) van Hoof, L. Research Study Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Human Dimensions
Assessing the risks to marine mammal populations from renewable energy devices: an interim approach Lusseau, D., Christiansen, F., Harwood, J. Report Marine Energy Marine Mammals
Environmental Impact Assessment of the Danish Wave Energy Center Margheritini, L., Azzellino, A. Research Study Marine Energy, Wave Changes in Flow, EMF, Noise Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Statistical Modelling of Bird and Cetacean Distributions in Offshore Renewables Development Areas Mackenzie, M., Scott-Hayward, L., Oedekoven, C. Research Study Marine Energy Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Birds
Assessment of the Marine Renewables Industry in Relation to Marine Mammals: Synthesis of Work Undertaken by the ICES Working Group on Marine Mammal Ecology (WGMME) Murphy, S., Tougaard, J., Wilson, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
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