Raptors

Birds of prey that hunt and feed on large vertebrates compared to their size.

Raptors include species of birds that primarily hunt and feed on large vertebrates compared to their size, have keen eyesight for detecting prey from far distances, strong feet with talons for grasping or killing prey, and powerful, curved beaks for tearing flesh. Many species of raptors are considered apex predators.

Raptors are at high risk for collision with wind turbine blades because they have wind-specific flight behaviors and typically soar during high winds, bringing them to the same elevation as wind turbine blades. Raptor populations are at the greatest risk of all birds from human activities because they tend to mature late, be long-lived, and lay few eggs.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Raptors.

Total: 393

Searches title and abstract.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Model-Based Estimation of Collision Risks of Predatory Birds with Wind Turbines Eichhorn, M., Johst, K., Seppelt, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Where eagles nest, the wind also blows: consolidating habitat and energy needs Wilson, J., Wilson, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Overview of raptor monitoring in Spain Zapata, J. Journal Article Birds, Raptors
New Zealand Falcon Monitoring and Risk Assessment, Hurunui Wind Farm Meridian Energy Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Raptors, Birds
Development of a Comprehensive Conservation Strategy for the North Shore Region of Minnesota in the Context of Future Wind Power Development Peterson, A., Niemi, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Passerines, Raptors
Migratory Bird Research for the Proposed County Line Wind Energy Site: Fall 2011 Field Season Gehring, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors
Wind Energy and Wildlife Research at the Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center Phillips, S. Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Raptors
Effect Studies Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee - Final Report on Fluxes, Flight Altitudes and Behaviour of Flying Birds Krijgsveld, K., Fljn, R., Japink, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Effects of wind farms and food scarcity on a large scavenging bird species following an epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy Martinez-Abrain, A., Tavecchia, G., Regan, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance Raptors, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Guidance on Survey and Monitoring in Relation to Marine Renewable Deployments in Scotland - Draft Reports Royal Haskoning Report Marine Energy Birds, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Raptor mortality in wind farms of southern Spain: mitigation measures on a major migration bottleneck area Gallego, A., Lucas, M., Casado, E. Report Wind Energy Collision Birds, Raptors
The effects of wind turbines on white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus Albicilla) in Hokkaido, Japan Shiraki, S., Kitano, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Assessing Avian-Wind Turbine Collision Risk: An Approach Angle Dependent Model Holmstrom, L., Hamer, T., Colclazier, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Effects of Weather on Avian Migration at Proposed Ridgeline Wind Energy Sites Thomas, P., Labrosse, A., Pomeroy, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision Raptors, Birds
Characteristics of Soaring Birds' Spring Migration over Inland SE Bulgaria Shurulinkov, P., Daskalova, G., Chakarov, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Shorebirds, Raptors, Birds
Avian, Bat and Habitat Cumulative Impacts Associated with Wind Energy Development in the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion Of Eastern Washington and Oregon 2011 Johnson, G., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Raptors
Collision Risk in White-Tailed Eagles Modelling Kernel-Based Collision Risk Using Satellite Telemetry Data in Smøla Wind-Power Plant May, R., Nygård, T., Dahl, E. Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Integrating Effects of Supplementary Feeding, Poisoning, Pollutant Ingestion and Wind Farms of Two Vulture Species in Spain using a Population Viability Analysis Garcia-Ripolles, C., Lopez, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Chemicals Raptors, Birds
Assessing the impact of nine established wind farms on birds of prey in Thrace, Greece Carcamo, B., Kret, E., Zografou, C. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Wind Power Compensation is not for the Birds: An Opinion from an Environmental Economist Cole, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds
Collision risk of White-fronted Geese with wind turbines Sugimoto, H., Matsuda, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors, Waterfowl
Pre- and Post-Construction Studies of Conflicts Between Birds and Wind Turbines in Coastal Norway (BirdWind) Report on Findings 2007-2010 Bevanger, K., Berntsen, F., Clausen, S. Report Wind Energy Shorebirds, Raptors, Passerines, Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Response of Raptors to a Windfarm Garvin, J., Jennelle, C., Drake, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance Raptors, Birds
Potential impact of wind farms on territories of large eagles in southeastern Spain Martinez, J., Calvo, J., Zuberogoita, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Collision Risk in White-Tailed Eagles: Modelling Collision Risk Using Vantage Point Observations in Smøla Wind-Power Plant May, R., Hoel, P., Langston, R. Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Minimizing Collision Risk Between Migrating Raptors and Marine Wind Farms: Development of a Spatial Planning Tool Baisner, A., Andersen, J., Findsen, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
The precautionary principle and wind-farm planning: data scarcity does not imply absence of effects Carrete, M., Sanchez-Zapata, J., Benitez, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds, Bats
Clocaenog Forest Wind Farm Collision Risk Report Model George, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 2: Avian Studies Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Impact of Terrestrial Wind Farms on Diurnal Raptors: Developing a Spatial Vulnerability Index and Potential Vulnerability Maps Noguera, J., Pérez, I., Mínguez, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Spatial Trade-Offs between Wind Power Production and Bird Collision Avoidance in Agricultural Landscape Eichhorn, M., Drechsler, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Raptors
Determination of Raptor Migratory Pathways over a Large Landscape Seeland, H. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Raptors, Birds
The return of the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) to northern Germany: Modelling the past to predict the future Kruger, O., Grunkorn, T., Struwe-Juhl, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Interim Golden Eagle Technical Guidance: Inventory and Monitoring Protocols; and Other Recommendations in Support of Golden Eagle Management and Permit Issuance Pagel, J., Whittington, D., Allen, G. Report Birds, Raptors
A study of White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla movements and mortality at a wind farm in Norway Nygård, T., Bevanger, K., Dahl, E. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Marine Wind Farms: Seabirds, White-Tailed Eagles, Eurasian Eagle-Owl and Waders - A Screening of Potential Conflict Areas Christensen-Dalsgaard, S., Lorentsen, S., Dahl, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Shorebirds, Seabirds, Raptors, Birds
2009 Spring, Summer, and Fall Avian and Bat Surveys Stantec Consulting Report Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors
Large Scale Risk-Assessment of Wind-Farms on Population Viability of a Globally Endangered Long-Lived Raptor Carrete, M., Sanchez-Zapata, J., Benitez, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Raptors, Birds
Modelling Human Impacts on the Tasmanian Wedge-Tailed Eagle (Aquila audax fleayi) Bekessy, S., Wintle, B., Gordon, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Raptors, Birds
Map-Based Repowering and Reorganization of a Wind Resource Area to Minimize Burrowing Owl and Other Bird Fatalities Smallwood, K., Neher, L., Bell, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Displaying 241 - 280 of 393 results