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Human Dimensions

Coastal community
Potential impacts on local communities, societies, and economies.

The development of wind energy and marine renewable energy projects will likely affect human activities both socially and economically. Evaluation of human perspectives, needs, and rights is necessary to ensure that the benefits of the project outweigh the cost to local communities, society, and the economy in addition to the natural environment. Common stakeholder concerns include loss of property value or annoyance due to visual impacts; changes access to fisheries or recreation; and loss of economic opportunity or livelihood. Conversely, potential benefits of the development of wind energy and marine renewable energy projects include the creation of new jobs, increased tourism, and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases.

Included in Human Dimensions are the following considerations: Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Life Cycle Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, and Visual Impacts.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Human Dimensions.

Total: 4275

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
The Role of Environmental NGOs in the Renewable Energy–Environmental Interface Burch, C., Loraamm, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Wind Energy Dis- and Misinformation Wind Europe Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Navigating the energy transition: Transdisciplinary insights from marine science, blue economy, energy analytics, and sustainability education Hridoy, A., Bordin, C., Masood, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Global Wind Report 2026 Global Wind Energy Council Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Ocean Wave Energy Conversion and Policy Frameworks Salih, M., Pingay, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
The Expansion of Wind and Hybrid Energy in Bahia: Socio-Environmental Conflicts and Energy Injustice in Fundo and Fecho de Pasto Territories de Almeida, E., Toni, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Regional priorities in implementing forestation and wind energy as climate solutions in facing their trade-offs Zhang, P., Gou, F., Zhu, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions
A Framework for Analysing and Improving Graduate Attributes and Employability in the Blue Economy Cossu, R., Adams, L., Pountney, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
International WaTERS: Summary of Findings and Lessons Learned Linklater, E., Mediavilla, D., Kemp, E. Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Life cycle assessment of wave energy: the Mutriku case study Lira, R., Güereca, L., Lekube, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Combining the cumulative impact and marine use conflict-synergy assessment for identifying priority potential conservation areas for estuarine spatial planning Zhu, Z., Zeng, C., Yang, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Transactional or transformative? Offshore wind developer perspectives on community benefit mechanisms in the United States Ruscetta, L., Korein, E., Miller, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Evaluating environmental impacts and public preferences in offshore wind farm decommissioning Stranddorf, L., Ladenburg, J., Rönnblom, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Life Cycle Assessment, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Conflicts in the use of the landscape: the issue of wind farms Balestrieri, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Environmental Policy and Risk Regulatory Framework for Sustainable Tidal Current Energy in China Guo, R., Liu, Z., Wei, H. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Life Cycle Assessment of an Onshore Wind Farm: Carbon Emission Evaluation and Mitigation Pathway Design Leng, H., Zhou, X., Chen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Artificial intelligence in negotiating energy production and other interests in marine spatial planning—managing transparency and bias Jao, J-C., Chuah, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Reimagining community-centered engagement to guide offshore wind planning and development Henderson, C., Duffy, K., Rose, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Offshore Energy and Environmental Research Ryu, S., Dempsey, L., Ampela, K. Summary Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions
Effects of Onshore Wind Energy on Semi-Domesticated Reindeer WREN, Thant, Z., May, R. Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions
IEA-OES Annual Report: An Overview of Ocean Energy Activities in 2025 Ocean Energy Systems (OES) Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Exploratory study on offshore aquaculture suitability and co-location with marine renewable energy in Portugal Costa, C., Miranda, F., Clemente, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Health & Safety, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation
Modelling multi-use within selected OWF of the Dutch North Sea Schneider, L., Heye, S., Vilmin, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Offshore Renewable Energy Development on the West Coast: Understanding Effects on Shipping, Fisheries, and Maritime Activities National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Navigation
Current state of Environmental Reporting for the Renewables and Grid Sector Stefanoudis, P., Sheikh, N., Cook, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
The Fate of Floating Offshore Wind in Taiwan—Buried in the Cradle? A Comparative Study with France and Strategies for Revitalization Gebrael, K., Ivanov, G., van Jaarsveldt, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Planning for renewables in an uncertain world: key takeaways from analysing the German onshore approach von Seht, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Ahoy, Matey! I've Harnessed the Wind: Turning Ocean Air into Renewable Wind Energy Ferguson, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Pacific Marine Energy Center (PMEC) 2025 Year in Review Twedt, J. Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Balancing land use for conservation, agriculture, and renewable energy Brock, C., Roehrdanz, P., Beringer, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Offshore wind and aquaculture co-location: challenges and opportunities in US Federal Waters Couture, J., Jensen, B., Riley, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
A four-step path to nature-inclusive offshore wind and grids Offshore Coalition For Energy & Nature (OCEaN) Guidance Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Offshore Wind and the Spatial Squeeze: A Plausible Future Layout for the North Sea Waldman, S., Munro, P., Gilmour, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
From sea basins to projects: Process harmonization for better environmental monitoring Offshore Coalition For Energy & Nature (OCEaN) Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Assessing the Life Cycle Environmental Performance of Floating Wind Turbines Yildiz, N., Baniotopoulos, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Offshore Wind for Coastal Development Socio-Economic Impact Study Global Wind Energy Council Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
GINGR Annual Report 2025 Global Initiative for Nature, Grids and Renewables (GINGR) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Hidden movers in the wind farm: Functional stakeholders improving offshore wind development in Taiwan Chang, Y., Hung, Y-P., Hsu, T-Y. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
A comprehensive framework for data challenges and intelligent resource optimization for offshore wind energy Lyu, Y., Chen, H., Murat Yazan, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
A multi-faceted analysis of the influence of state energy policies on spatial clustering of wind and solar farms in the U.S. Rozhkov, A., Das, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy

Displaying 121 - 160 of 4275 results