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Netherlands

Netherlands Country Outline

The Netherlands is located in Western Europe, covering 41,542 km2 (16,039 mile2) of land surface and having a population of 17 Million (2017).  The Netherlands’s primary energy production is 680 terawatt-hours (TWh), and energy supply per capita is 49 MWh (UN data, 2017). Natural gas is the largest source of primary energy production, while oil is the largest source of primary energy consumption (The Shift Project, 2014). 40 species are listed as threatened (UN data, 2017).

As of 2016, The Netherlands has 1,650 kW installed capacity of tidal energy, with an additional 1,000 kW planned for deployment in 2017 (OES). The Netherlands is currently a member of Ocean Energy Systems.

As of 2016, The Netherlands has 4,206 MW total installed wind power capacity, including 957 MW offshore capacity (IEA Wind). The Netherlands generated 8 TWh of electricity from wind in 2016 (IEA Wind). The Netherlands is currently a member of IEA Wind, participating in WREN.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Tethys is a knowledge hub that contains documents on the environmental effects of wind and marine energy. The table below contains all of the documents in the Tethys Knowledge Base associated with Netherlands.

Total: 315

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Storylines of Nature Inclusive Design in Dutch Offshore Wind Farm decommissioning Boer, F. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Renewable energy caves: water replenishment holes in offshore monopiles create novel marine habitats Kornau, L., Leutelt, B., van Sluis, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Water Quality
System interactions constraining offshore wind deployment in the Dutch North Sea Wakounig, I., Gooyert, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Final report harbour seal tagging campaign 2025 Brasseur, S., Aarts, G Report Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Nature‑Friendly Decommissioning of Offshore Energy Infrastructure: What happens to North Sea marine life? Stichting De Noordzee Webpage Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Differences in epifaunal ecological functioning between natural and artificial hard substrates with implications for offshore renewable energy development Mavraki, N., Want, A., Bolam, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change
Modelling multi-use within selected OWF of the Dutch North Sea Schneider, L., Heye, S., Vilmin, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Quantifying the Effects of Mitigation Measures on North Sea Shipping Noise de Jong,C., Gaida, T., Binnerts, B. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise
A comprehensive framework for data challenges and intelligent resource optimization for offshore wind energy Lyu, Y., Chen, H., Murat Yazan, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
GINGR White Paper: Road Map for Biodiversity Net Gain in the Offshore Renewables Sector Cook, A., Jobson, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Dutch Offshore Wind Innovation Guide Netherlands Enterprise Agency Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Large-scale mapping of nocturnal bird migration to accelerate a nature-inclusive energy transition Hoekstra, B., Kranstauber, B., Bradaric, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
The Poseidon Wind Farm: Bird Migration at Skagen and The West Coast Of Sweden – Spring 2024 Christensen, T., Bladt, J., Petersen, I. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Foraging areas of coastal and offshore seabirds in the Dutch North Sea - An analysis of survey and tracking data Madden, H., van Bemmelen, R., van der Have, T. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
A prospective life cycle assessment of drivetrain technologies in offshore wind Dighe, V., Bansal, A., Jansen, K. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Marine Mammal surveys – pre-investigations for offshore wind farms in the area North Sea I Sveegaard, S., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Cordier, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Offshore surveys of Birds, Bats and Marine Mammals for Offshore Wind Farms in Danish Waters, North Sea I for Year 2 Petersen, I., Thomsen, H., Scott-Hayward, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Baseline surveys of Birds, Bats and Marine Mammals in areas for Offshore Wind Farms in the Danish North Sea (North Sea I) Brinkløv, S., Smeele, S., Uebel, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Analyse settlement-substraat in windpark Gemini op aanwezigheid platte oesterbroedjes (Ostrea edulis) Bos, O., Kamermans, P., van der Weide, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
Elasmobranchs in offshore wind farms Hermans, A., Sumner-Hempel, A., van den Brink, X. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction Fish
Towards a Synergistic Multi-Use in the North Sea Satish, A., Respinis, M., Breuer, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Analysing hammer impact duration on driveability resistance through instrumented field tests Moghadam, S., Duffy, K., Flessati, L. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise
Eco-crossings, the effect of rock size and material on sprinkle layer on biodiversity in subsea power cable crossings Hermans, A., Bergsma, J., Driessen, F. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Spatial models of cetacean density in European Atlantic waters based on SCANS-IV summer 2022 survey data Gilles, A., Authier, M., Pigeault, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
DMEC Market Report 2024/2025: Chapter 1 Offshore Renewable Energy Dutch Marine Energy Centre Report Marine Energy, OTEC, Salinity Gradient, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind
Onderzoek 'zwarte wiek' Eemshaven Kleyheeg-Hartman, J., Jeninga, S., Kappers, E. Report Wind Energy Collision Birds
Innovations in marine biodiversity monitoring using small unmanned underwater vehicles: ROVs & AUVs Kingma, E., Sokolova, M., Dogruer, G. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Scour protection design for biodiversity enhancement in North Sea Offshore Wind Kardinaal, W., van der Have, T., Coolen, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Collision effects of North Sea wind turbines on bird species within the Kader Ecologie & Cumulatie (KEC) 5.0 Ijntema, G.J., Heida, N., Leemans, J.J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
This is EPIC: Extensive Periphery for Impact and Control to study seabird habitat loss in and around offshore wind farms combining a peripheral control area and Bayesian statistics Grundlehner, A., Leopold, M., Kersten, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
The Long and the Short of It: Nanopore-Based eDNA Metabarcoding of Marine Vertebrates Works; Sensitivity and Species-Level Assignment Depend on Amplicon Lengths Doorenspleet, K., Jansen, L., Oosterbroek, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Nature inclusivity in offshore wind farms Goslinga, C. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Inventory of technical performance and biodiversity on structures at the Offshore Test Site Barbé, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Marine growth sampling tool evaluation: evaluation of the performance of an ROV-mounted tool for sampling marine growth on Offshore energy structures Coolen, J., van der Weide, B., Bittner, O. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Better Oyster Outplacement & Seeding Techniques BlueLinked Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Towards holistic, participative and adaptable governance for offshore wind farm decommissioning Jurrius, L., van Hoof, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Survey of Birds for Offshore Wind Farms in Danish Waters – North Sea I Petersen, I., Thomsen, H., Scott-Hayward, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Marine Mammal surveys – pre-investigations for offshore wind farms in the area North Sea I Sveegaard, S., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Cordier, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Analysis of the effects on harbour porpoises from the underwater sound during the construction of the Borssele and Gemini offshore wind farms de Jong, C., Lam, F., von Benda-Beckmann, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Bats surveys - pre-investigations for offshore wind farms in the area North Sea I Brinkløv, S., Smeele, S., Uebel, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats

Displaying 1 - 40 of 315 results