The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Wind farms and Griffon Vultures: Evidence that under certain conditions history is not-always turbulent | Farfan, M.; Díaz-Ruiz, F.; Duarte, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Incidental eagle carcass detection can contribute to fatality estimation at operating wind energy facilities | Hallingstad, E.; Riser-Espinoza, D.; Brown, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions | |
Griffon Vulture movements are concentrated around roost and supplementary feeding stations: implications for wind energy development on Mediterranean islands | Cerri, J.; Fozzi, I.; De Rosa, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Detection of wind turbines rotary motion by birds: A matter of speed and contrast | Blary, C.; Bonadonna, F.; Dussauze, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Passerines, Raptors | |
Mitigating the Negative Impact of Wind Power on Soaring Birds through Government Restrictions | Liang, X.; Yang, C.; Zhang, Y.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Carcasses of Eagles Killed by Wind Turbines | Huso, M.; Dalthorp, D.; Mintz, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Reanalysis indicates little evidence of reduction in eagle mortality rate by automated curtailment of wind turbines | Huso, M.; Dalthorp, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Assessing carcass relocation for offsetting golden eagle mortality at wind energy facilities | Lonsdorf, E.; Gerber, J.; Ray, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
The Tradeoff Between Wildlife Conservation and Renewable Energy: Evidence from Golden Eagles and Wind Turbines | O'Brien, B.; Hagerty, N. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds, Raptors | ||
Seasonal Abundance and Habitat Associations of American Kestrels on the Southern High Plains of Texas | Linner-Warren; Bibles, B.; Boal, C. | Journal Article | Birds, Raptors | |||
Windfarm collisions in medium-sized raptors: even increasing populations can suffer strong demographic impacts | Duriez, O.; Pilard, P.; Saulnier, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Short Science Summary: Collision Risk Modeling – A Tool for Assessing Risks to Raptors at Wind Energy Facilities | WREN | Summary | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Wind turbines in managed forests partially displace common birds | Rehling, F.; Delius, A.; Ellerbrok, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement | Birds, Passerines, Raptors | |
Effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-based system to curtail wind turbines to reduce eagle collisions | Duerr, A.; Parsons, A.; Nagy, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
A utilization distribution for the global population of Cape Vultures (Gyps coprotheres) to guide wind energy development | Cervantes, F.; Murgatroyd, M.; Allan, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Large soaring raptors vs wind turbines development in the Swiss Alps | Vignali, S.; Braunisch, V.; Arlettaz, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Evaluation of Wind‐Energy Survey Protocols for Migrating Eagle Detection | Chabot, E.; Slater, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Avoidance | Raptors, Birds | |
Developing an efficient protocol for monitoring eagle fatalities at wind energy facilities | Hallingstad, E.; Rabie, P.; Telander, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Wind farms have cascading impacts on ecosystems across trophic levels | Thaker, M.; Zambre, A.; Bhosale, H. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Ecosystem Processes, Birds | ||
Behavioral accommodation of nesting hawks to wind turbines | Watson, J.; Keren, I.; Davies, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Raptors | |
State of the World's Raptors: Distributions, Threats, and Conservation Recommendations | McClure, C.; Westrip, J.; Johnson, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Evaluating a Commercial-Ready Technology for Raptor Detection and Deterrence at a Wind Energy Facility in California | Terrill, S.; Howell, J.; Smith, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds, Raptors | |
Movement patterns of white‐tailed sea eagles near wind turbines | Krone, O.; Treu, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Assessing space use by pre-breeding white-tailed eagles in the context of wind-energy development in Finland | Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Brommer, J.; Saurola, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Golden Eagle Conservation Plan for the Ocotillo Wind Energy Facility | Ocotillo Express | Guidance | Wind Energy | Birds, Raptors | ||
Automated monitoring for birds in flight: Proof of concept with eagles at a wind power facility | McClure, C.; Marinson, L.; Allison, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Modelling golden eagle habitat selection and flight activity in their home ranges for safer wind farm planning | Tikkanen, H.; Rytkönen, S.; Karlin, O.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds, Raptors | ||
Fixed Point Raptor Migration Survey at the National Wind Technology Center: April 2010 | Ryon, T.; Brenda, B. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Potential biological removal of white-tailed eagles and its application to environmental impact assessment for wind farms in Japan | Matsuda, H.; Tani, K.; Shimada, Y. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Shorebirds, Waterfowl | |
Flight Response to Spatial and Temporal Correlates Informs Risk from Wind Turbines to the California Condor | Poessel, S.; Brandt, J.; Mendenhall, L.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
The utility of point count surveys to predict wildlife interactions with wind energy facilities: An example focused on golden eagles | Sur, M.; Belhoff, J.; Bjerre, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Raptor Interactions with Wind Energy: Case Studies from Around the World | Watson, R.; Kolar, P.; Ferrer, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Eagle Take Minimization System | Petr, R.; Knag, J.; Laufer, E. | Report | Wind Energy | Raptors, Birds | ||
Meteorological and Environmental Variables Affect Flight Behaviour and Decision-Making of an Obligate Soaring Bird, the California Condor Gymnogyps californianus | Poessel, S.; Brandt, J.; Miller, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Raptors, Birds | |||
Patterns of migrating soaring migrants indicate attraction to marine wind farms | Skov, H.; Desholm, M.; Heinänen, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Birds, Raptors | |
Response of migrating raptors to an increasing number of wind farms | Cabrera-Cruz, S.; Villegas-Patraca, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Raptors, Birds | |
Wind energy, nest success, and post‐fledging survival of Buteo hawks | Kolar, P.; Bechard, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Raptors, Birds | |
Predicting Eagle Fatalities at Wind Facilities | Bay, K.; Nasman, K.; Erickson, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Green Dilemma of Wind Farm on Avifauna: Future Ecological Considerations of Wind Energy Expansion in Ethiopia | Mulualem, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Shorebirds, Waterfowl | |
Utilization Probability Map for Migrating Bald Eagles in Northeastern North America: A Tool for Siting Wind Energy Facilities and Other Flight Hazards | Mojica, E.; Watts, B.; Turrin, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Raptors | |
Proximity to wind-power plants reduces the breeding success of the white-tailed eagle | Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Brommer, J.; Niinimaki, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Habitat selection by adult golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos during the breeding season and implications for wind farm establishment | Singh, N.; Moss, E.; Hipkiss, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Habitat Change | Birds, Raptors | |
Reconciling endangered species conservation with wind farm development: Cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus) in south-eastern Europe | Vasilakis, D.; Whitfield, D.; Schindler, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Framework for Testing the Effectiveness of Bat and Eagle Impact-Reduction Strategies at Wind Energy Projects | Sinclair, K.; DeGeorge, E. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Raptors, Birds, Bats | |
Wind Energy Industry Eagle Detection and Deterrents: Research Gaps and Solutions Workshop Summary Report | Sinclair, K.; DeGeorge, E. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Raptors, Birds | |
Final Report Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area Bird Fatality Study, Monitoring Years 2005–2013 | ICF International | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
Addressing the factors that juxtapose raptors and wind turbines | Hunt,G.; Watson, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Raptors, Birds | ||
Vertical Flow Simulations Using the Mesoscale Model to Assess Impacts on Soaring Birds around Offshore Wind Turbines | Konagaya, M.; Takahashi, M.; Kato, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors, Seabirds | |
Reintroduction of White-tailed Eagles Haliaeetus albicilla to Ireland | Mee, A.; Breen, D.; Clarke, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Birds, Raptors |
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