Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
A risk-based approach to cumulative effects assessment for large marine ecosystems to support transboundary marine spatial planning: A case study of the yellow sea Ma, C.; Stelzenmüller, V.; Rehren, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning
Marine spatial planning to solve increasing conflicts at sea: A framework for prioritizing offshore windfarms and marine protected areas Boussarie, G.; Kopp, D.; Lavialle, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Introducing energy into marine environments: A lab-scale static magnetic field submarine cable simulation and its effects on sperm and larval development on a reef forming serpulid Oliva, M.; De Marchi, L.; Cuccaro, A.; et al. Journal Article EMF Invertebrates
Optimizing China's onshore wind farm layout crucial for carbon neutrality Li, Q. ; Duan, H.; Liu, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Life cycle assessment of a floating offshore wind farm in Italy Brussa, G.; Grosso, M.; Rigamonti, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Life Cycle Assessment
Cumulative effects of offshore renewables: From pragmatic policies to holistic marine spatial planning tools Declerck, M.; Trifonova, N.; Hartley, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Geospatial dimensions of the renewable energy transition — The importance of prioritisation Butschek, F.; Peters, J.; Remmers, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A wind of change for soft-sediment infauna within operational offshore windfarms Lefaible, N.; Braeckman, U.; Degraer, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Protecting avian wildlife for wind farm siting: The Screening Tool Proof of Concept Salkanovic, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions
Does renewable energy affect violent conflict? Exploring social opposition and injustice in the struggle over the Lake Turkana Wind Farm, Kenya Lomax, J.; Mirumachi, N.; Hautsch, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Exploring agenda-setting of offshore energy innovations: Niche-regime interactions in Dutch Marine Spatial Planning processes Kusters, J.; van Kann, F.; Zuidema, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Trade-offs between fisheries, offshore wind farms and marine protected areas in the southern North Sea – Winners, losers and effective spatial management Püts, M.; Kempf, A.; Mollmann, C.; et al. Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Bird Protection Zones in a Wind Park by Ka-Band Radar Surveillance: Field Results from the Wind Testing Site WINSENT Malzer, M.; Burhenn, M.; Beck, S.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Offshore Wind Energy and Seabird Collision Vulnerability in California Grover, W. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Ecological impacts of the expansion of offshore wind farms on trophic level species of marine food chain Wang, L.; Wang, B.; Cen, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Effects of land-based wind turbine upsizing on community sound levels and power and energy density Hoen, B.; Darlow, R.; Haac, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
Evaluation method of marine spaces for the planning and exploitation of offshore wind farms in isolated territories. A two-island case study Velazquez-Medina, S.; Santana-Sarmiento, F. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Noise Reduction Associated with Installation of Fixed-Bottom Foundations: Workshop Report Green, R.; Farr, H.; Ryan, K.; et al. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Characterisation of underwater operational noise of two types of floating offshore wind turbines Risch, D.; Favill, G.; Marmo, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Seasonal patterns of bird and bat collision fatalities at wind turbines Lloyd, J.; Butryn, R.; Pearman-Gillman, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Towards Digital Twins of the Oceans: The Potential of Machine Learning for Monitoring the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Environments Schneider, J.; Klüner, A.; Zielinski, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
A network approach to analyse Australia’s blue economy policy and legislative arrangements Frohlich, M.; Fidelman, P.; Dutton, I.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Controversy in wind energy construction projects: How social systems impact project performance LaPatin, M.; Spearing, L.; Tiedmann, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Sustainable wind energy planning through ecosystem service impact valuation and exergy: A study case in south-central Chile Martínez-Martínez, Y.; Dewulf, J.; Aguayo, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Metabolomics for in situ monitoring of attached Crassostrea gigas and Mytilus edulis: Effects of offshore wind farms on aquatic organisms Wang, K.; Gao, Z.; Ru, X.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change, Noise Invertebrates
Anglers' support for an offshore wind farm: Fishing effects or clean energy symbolism Bidwell, D.; Smythe, T.; Tyler, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
A Geospatial Analysis of Species of Interest in US Atlantic Wind Energy Areas O'Brien, B. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals
Assembly Bill 525 Offshore Wind Energy Permitting Roadmap MacDonald, R. Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera physalus) Near Offshore Wind Farm Areas Off the Coast of New Jersey Pepper, B. Thesis Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Residency and habitat use of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) within an offshore wind farm Thatcher, H.; Stamp, T.; Wilcockson, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates
New insights into the influence of turbines on the behaviour of migrant birds: implications for predicting impacts of offshore wind developments on wildlife Willmott, J.; Forcey, G.; Vukovich, M. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds
Magnetic Field Limit and Potential Impact of Offshore Wind Farm Submarine Cables in Ecosystems Li, X.; Chen, J.; Zhan, H.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF Fish
Joint responsibility in the development of effective wind-turbine collision-reducing solutions May, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
2023 North American State of the Bats Report Bat Conservation International Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Offshore Wind Energy and Marine Biodiversity in the North Sea: Life Cycle Impact Assessment for Benthic Communities Li, C.; Coolen, J.; Scherer, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment
Modeling migration and movement of gray bats Holliday, C.; Wisby, J.; Roby, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Projected cross-shore changes in upwelling induced by offshore wind farm development along the California coast Raghukumar, K.; Nelson, T.; Jacox, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Large-scale effects of offshore wind farms on seabirds of high conservation concern Garthe, S.; Schwemmer, H.; Peschko, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae are attracted by low-frequency noise simulating that of operating offshore wind farms Cresci, A.; Zhang, G.; Durif, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Effective Stakeholder Engagement for Offshore Wind Energy Development: The State of New York's Fisheries and Environmental Technical Working Groups Brunbauer, M.; Press, K.; Williams, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement
Bats and Wind Energy Cooperative 6th Science and All Committees Meeting: 2022 Workshop Proceedings Bats and Wind Energy Cooperative (BWEC) Report Wind Energy Bats, Human Dimensions
Summary of Bats and Land-Based Wind Energy Development in the United States and Canada ECO Wind Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
European offshore renewable energy, towards a sustainable future Soukissian, T.; O’Hagan, A-M.; Azzellino, A.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Great Lakes Wind Energy Challenges and Opportunities Assessment Musial, W.; Green, R.; DeMeo, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data
An integrated conceptual model to characterize the effects of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services Baulaz, Y.; Mouchet, M.; Niquil, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
In the shadow of nuclear dependency: Competing pathways and the social acceptance of offshore wind energy in France Desvallées, L.; de Sartre, X. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Forage Fish Species Prefer Habitat within Designated Offshore Wind Energy Areas in the U.S. Northeast Shelf Ecosystem Friedland, K.; Adams, E.; Goetsch, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Comparing Atlantic Cod Temporal Spawning Dynamics across a Biogeographic Boundary: Insights from Passive Acoustic Monitoring Van Hoeck, R.; Rowell, T.; Dean, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
Interactive Effects of Climate Change-Induced Range Shifts and Wind Energy Development on Future Economic Conditions of the Atlantic Surfclam Fishery Stromp, S.; Scheld, A.; Klinck, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Standardised and referenced acoustic monitoring reliably estimates bat fatalities at wind turbines: comments on 'Limitations of acoustic monitoring at wind turbines to evaluate fatality risk of bats' Behr, O.; Barre, K.; Bontadina, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds

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