The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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The use of seal scarers as a protective mitigation measure can induce hearing impairment in harbour porpoises | Schaffeld, T.; Ruser, A.; Woelfing, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Activity and behaviour of Nathusius' pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii at low and high altitude in a North Sea offshore wind farm | Brabant, R.; Laurent, Y.; Poerink, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision | Bats | |
Evaluation of an Acoustic Deterrent to Reduce Bat Mortalities at an Illinois Wind Farm | Romano, W.; Skalski, J.; Townsend, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats | |
B-Finder System: 24 Month Test Report for T-Series | Przybycin, P.; Przybycin, M.; Przybycin, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Influence of landscape and time of year on bat-wind turbines collision risks | Roemer, C.; Bas, Y.; Disca, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision | Bats | |
ScotMER and MREF MASTS Workshop Report | Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland | Workshop Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Detection Probability of Bats Using Active Versus Passive Monitoring | Teets, K.; Loeb, S.; Jachowski, D. | Journal Article | Bats | |||
Offshore oil production platforms as potential sources of larvae to coastal shelf regions off southern California | Nishimoto, M.; Simons, R.; Love, M. | Journal Article | Invertebrates, Fish, Ecosystem Processes | |||
U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2019 | Khalil, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Terrestrial Mammals | ||
Adaptive surface distortions for torque ripple control in vertical-axis wind turbines | Erfort, G.; von Backström, T.; Venter, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Development and application of a low-cost rapid assessment system for coastal benthic habitats | Benjamin, C.; Cadeliña, P.; Yñiguez, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates | |||
Differential Vulnerability to Ship Strikes Between Day and Night for Blue, Fin, and Humpback Whales Based on Dive and Movement Data From Medium Duration Archival Tags | Calambokidis, J.; Fahlbusch, J.; Szesciorka, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |||
Changing distribution of the east coast of Scotland bottlenose dolphin population and the challenges of area‐based management | Civil, M.; Quick, N.; Cheney, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Spatial Planning, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Cetaceans | |||
Impacts to Wildlife of Wind Energy Siting and Operation in the United States | Allison, T.; Diffendorfer, J.; Baerwald, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds | |
Developing a science-based approach to defining key species of birds and bats of concern for wind farm developments in Victoria | Lumsden, L.; Moloney, P.; Smales, I. | Report | Wind Energy | Avoidance, Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Investigation of existing post-construction mortality monitoring at Victorian wind farms to assess its utility in estimating mortality rates | Moloney, P.; Lumsden, L.; Smales, I. | Report | Wind Energy | Bats, Birds | ||
First three‐dimensional tracks of bat migration reveal large amounts of individual behavioral flexibility | O'Mara, M.; Wikelski, M.; Kranstauber, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats | ||
Ocean Science Magazine | Brown, W.; Cluck, R.; Cruickshank, W.; et al. | Magazine Article | Noise | Physical Environment, Ecosystem Processes | ||
Understanding Wind Energy Impacts to Bats and Testing Reduction Strategies in South Texas | Weaver, S. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats | |
Wildlife and Wind Farms - Conflicts and Solutions, Volume 4. Offshore: Monitoring and Mitigation | Perrow, M. | Book | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Monitoring of Marine Mammal Strandings Along French Coasts Reveals the Importance of Ship Strikes on Large Cetaceans: A Challenge for the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive | Peltier, H.; Beaufils, A.; Cesarini, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Collision | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Red bat fatality: Geographic extents through deuterium and niche models | Murtaugh, R.; Capparella, A.; Kostelnick, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats | |
Effect of Pile-Driving Playback Sound Level on Fish-Catching Efficiency in Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) | Kastelein, R.; Huijser, L.; Cornelisse, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
The Dynamic Ocean: Offshore Wind Energy and Other Activities in the New York Bight | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Navigation | |
Bats at the southern North Sea in 2017 & 2018 | Lagerveld, S.; van der Wal, J.; de Vries, P.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats | ||
Potential Benefits of Vessel Slowdowns on Endangered Southern Resident Killer Whales | Joy, R.; Tollit, D.; Wood, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Harbour porpoise responses to pile-driving diminish over time | Graham, I.; Merchant, N.; Farcas, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Effects of noise-mitigated offshore pile driving on harbour porpoise abundance in the German Bight 2014-2016 (Gescha 2) | Rose, A.; Brandt, M.; Vilela, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Activity Patterns of Bats During the Fall and Spring Along Ridgelines in the Central Appalachians | Muthersbaugh, M.; Ford, W.; Powers, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Bats | |||
Effect of impact pile driving noise on marine mammals: A comparison of different noise exposure criteria | Stober, U.; Thomsen, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Best available science? Are NOAA Fisheries marine mammal noise exposure guidelines up to date? | Stocker, M. | Conference Paper | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | ||
Vitamine ENA: A framework for the development of ecosystem-based indicators for decision makers | Safi, G.; Giebels, D.; Arroyo, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Minimizing wildlife impacts for offshore wind energy development: Winning tradeoffs for seabirds in space and cetaceans in time | Best, B.; Halpin, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix P2: Animal Exposure Modelling | Denes, S.; Weirathmueller, M.; Zeddies, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Feeding home ranges of pacific coast feeding group gray whales | Lagerquist, B.; Palacios, D.; Winsor, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Impact of pile-driving on Hector's dolphin in Lyttelton Harbour, New Zealand | Leunissen, E.; Rayment, W.; Dawson, S. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Positive ecological effects of wind farms on vegetation in China’s Gobi desert | Xu, K.; He, L.; Hu, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Ecosystem Processes | ||
A smart curtailment approach for reducing bat fatalities and curtailment time at wind energy facilities | Hayes, M.; Hooton, L.; Gilland, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats | ||
Short Science Summary: Bat Interactions with Land-Based Wind Energy: A European and North American Perspective | WREN | Summary | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats | ||
Effects of established offshore wind farms on energy flow of coastal ecosystems: A case study of the Rudong offshore wind farms in China | Wang, J.; Zou, X.; Yu, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes | ||
Bird and Bat Conservation Strategy Deuel Harvest North Wind Farm Deuel County, South Dakota | Simon, S.; Welch-Acosta, B. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Avoidance | Birds, Bats | |
Towards an Ecosystem Approach to Assess the Impacts of Marine Renewable Energy | Pezy, J.; Raoux, A.; Niquil, N.; et al. | Book Chapter | Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes | ||
Camera-Trapping Versus Conventional Methodology in the Assessment of Carcass Persistence for Fatality Estimation at Wind Farms | Rosa, L.; Neves, T.; Vieira, D.; et al. | Book Chapter | Land-Based Wind | Birds, Bats | ||
FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY TECHNOLOGY: INNOVATION TO COMMERCIALIZATION | Northeastern University | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision | Bats, Birds | |
2018 Post - Construction Monitoring Study Black Oak Getty Wind Project Stearns County, Minnesota | Pickle, J.; Lombardi, J.; Stucker, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
2018 Post-Construction Monitoring Study Red Pine Wind Energy Facility Lincoln County, Minnesota | Trana, M.; Hyzy, B.; Pickle, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
Best Management Practices for North Atlantic Right Whales During Offshore Wind Energy Construction and Operations Along the U.S. East Coast | Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
An evidence-based approach to specifying survey effort in ecological assessments of bat activity | Richardson, S.; Lintott, P.; Hosken, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats | ||
Soundscape of an Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) hotspot before windfarm construction in the Pearl River Estuary, China: Do dolphin engage in noise avoidance and passive eavesdropping behavior? | Wang, Z.; Akamatsu, T.; Nowacek, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Fine scale spatial variability in the influence of environmental cycles on the occurrence of dolphins at coastal sites | Fernandez-Betelu, O.; Graham, I.; Cornulier, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
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