Short Science Summary: Bat Interactions with Land-Based Wind Energy: A European and North American Perspective

Hoary Bat

Estimates of fatality indicate hundreds of thousands of bats are killed annually at wind turbines both in Europe and North America. Given bats are long-lived and typically only have 1 to 2 pups per year, existing fatality rates may not be sustainable for certain species. Recent studies indicate population-level declines are possible, particularly given the anticipated growth of wind energy development. This summary represents a general overview of the research, produced by WREN under IEA Wind.

The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Disentangling mechanisms responsible for wind energy effects on European bats Leroux, C., Le Viol, I., Valet, N., Kerbiriou, C., Barre, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Wind turbine power and land cover effects on cumulative bat deaths Moustakas, A., Georgiakakis, P., Kret, E., Kapsalis, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Post-construction Bird and Bat Fatality Monitoring for Onshore Wind Energy Facilities in Emerging Market Countries: Good Practice Handbook and Decision Support Tool International Finance Corporation Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions
Seasonal patterns of bird and bat collision fatalities at wind turbines Lloyd, J., Butryn, R., Pearman-Gillman, S., Allison, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Sex Ratios of Brazilian Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities in California and Texas LiCari, S. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
2023 North American State of the Bats Report Bat Conservation International Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Modeling migration and movement of gray bats Holliday, C., Wisby, J., Roby, P., Samoray, S., Vannatta, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Drivers of bat activity at wind turbines advocate for mitigating bat exposure using multicriteria algorithm-based curtailment Barre, K., Froidevaux, J., Sotillo, A., Roemer, C., Kerbiriou, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change Bats
The presence of wind turbines repels bats in boreal forests Gaultier, S., Lilley, T., Vesterinen,E., Brommer, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats
Simulating the influences of bat curtailment on power production at wind energy facilities Hayes, M., Lindsay, S., Solick, D., Newman, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Wind energy production in forests conflicts with tree-roosting bats Reusch, C., Paul, A., Fritze, M., Kramer-Schadt, S., Voigt, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Conservation: Tracking bats around wind turbines O'Mara, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
Reducing bat mortality at wind farms using site-specific mitigation measures: a case study in the Mediterranean region, Croatia Rnjak, D., Janeš, M. , Križan, J., Antonić, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Noise Bats
Drone-mounted audio-visual deterrence of bats: implications for reducing aerial wildlife mortality by wind turbines Werber, Y., Hareli, G., Yinon, O., Sapir, N., Yovel, Y. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
International assessment of priority environmental issues for land-based and offshore wind energy development Green, R., Gill, E., Hein, C., Couturier, L., Mascarenhas, M., May, R., Newell, D., Rumes, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Event detection for avian and bat wildlife on wind turbine blades Drachnik, N. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Curtailment as a successful method for reducing bat mortality at a southern Australian wind farm Bennett, E., Florent, S., Venosta, M., Gibson, M., Jackson, A., Stark, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
National-scale impacts on wind energy production under curtailment scenarios to reduce bat fatalities Maclaurin, G., Hein, C., Williams, T., Roberts, O., Lantz, E., Buster, G., Lopez, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Distance to hedgerows drives local repulsion and attraction of wind turbines on bats: Implications for spatial siting Leroux, C., Kerbiriou, C., Le Viol, I., Valet, N., Barre, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Activity of forest specialist bats decreases towards wind turbines at forest sites Ellerbrok, J., Delius, A., Peter, F., Farwig, N., Voigt, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats
Diet analysis of bats killed at wind turbines suggests large-scale losses of trophic interactions Scholz, C., Voigt, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Invertebrates
Informing wind energy development: Land cover and topography predict occupancy for Arizona bats Starbuck, C., Dickson, B., Chambers, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Bats
Current state of knowledge of wind energy impacts on bats in South Africa Aronson, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Coastal onshore wind turbines lead to habitat loss for bats in Northern Germany Reusch, C., Lozar, M., Kramer-Schadt, S., Voigt, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats
Human–Wildlife Conflicts across Landscapes—General Applicability vs. Case Specificity Göttert, T., Starik, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Curtailment and acoustic deterrents reduce bat mortality at wind farms Good, R., Iskali, G., Lombardi, J., McDonald, T., DuBridge, K., Azeka, M., Tredennick, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats
Automated Classification of Bat Echolocation Call Recordings with Artificial Intelligence Tabak, M., Murray, K., Reed, A., Lombardi, J., Bay, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions
Factors affecting searcher efficiency and scavenger removal of bat carcasses in Neotropical wind facilities Barros, M., Iannuzzi, L., Silva, I., Otálora-Ardila, A., Bernard, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Post-Construction Bird and Bat Fatality Monitoring Study Crowned Ridge II Wind Farm Codington, Grant, and Deuel Counties, South Dakota Chodachek, K., Suehring, A., Wilson, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Efficacy and cost of acoustic-informed and wind speed-only turbine curtailment to reduce bat fatalities at a wind energy facility in Wisconsin Rabie, P., Welch-Acosta, B., Nasman, K., Schumacher, S., Schueller, S., Gruver, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats
Evaluating Bat Roost Abundance: A Comparison of Drone-Acquired Thermal Imagery and Acoustic Recordings with Visual Observers Jaffe, K., Carter, R., Corcoran, A., Arceo-Gomez, G. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
One size doesn’t fit all: Singularities in bat species richness and activity patterns in wind-energy complexes in Brazil and implications for environmental assessment Pereira, C., Falcão, F., Bernard, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Bat Impact Assessment: Latrodex Wind Energy Facility Dippenaar, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Environmental Impact Assessment
An Updated Review of Hypotheses Regarding Bat Attraction to Wind Turbines Guest, E., Stamps, B., Durish, N., Hale, A., Hein, C., Morton, B., Weaver, S., Fritts, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Noise Bats
Landscape Decisions to Meet Net Zero Carbon: Pathways that consider ethics, socio-ecological diversity, and landscape functions. Landscape Decisions Report Cole, B., Gardner, E., Willcock, S., Sarats, E., Bradley, A., Earnshaw, K., Fremantle, C., Bezant, J., Finan, J., Ziv, G., Balzter, H. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Post-construction Monitoring Study for the Rosewater Wind Farm White County, Indiana Rodriguez, M., Voorhees, L., Telander, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Incorporating Climate Uncertainty into Conservation Planning for Wildlife Managers Wilkening, J., Magness, D., Harrington, A., Johnson, K., Covington, S., Hoffman, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Wind energy and its link to sustainability in developing countries Kabir, M., Sree, N., Khatod, K., Katekar, V., Deshmukh, S. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Visual Impacts
Acoustic and Genetic Data Can Reduce Uncertainty Regarding Populations of Migratory Tree-Roosting Bats Impacted by Wind Energy Hale, A., Hein, C., Straw, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Influencing Activity of Bats by Dimly Lighting Wind Turbine Surfaces with Ultraviolet Light Cryan, P., Gorresen, P., Straw, B., Thao, S., DeGeorge, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
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