Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Fortsetzungsstudie Probabilistik - Das Raumnutzungs-Kollisionsrisikomodell (RKR-Modell) Mercker, M.; Raab, R.; Liesenjohann, T.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Experience report on operational noise: Cross-project evaluation and assessment of underwater noise measurements from the operational phase of offshore wind farms Bellmann, M.; Müller, T.; Scheiblich, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
How do residents perceive energy-producing kites? Comparing the community acceptance of an airborne wind energy system and a wind farm in Germany Schmidt, H.; Leschinger, V.; Müller, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2023-2024 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
Cumulative effects of offshore wind farms on common guillemots (Uria aalge) in the southern North Sea - climate versus biodiversity? Peschko, V.; Schwemmer, H.; Mercker, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Forest bat activity declines with increasing wind speed in proximity of operating wind turbines Ellerbrok, J.; Farwig, N.; Peter, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Noise Bats
Die Auswirkungen von Windenergieanlagen an Waldstandorten auf Fledermäuse Voigt, C.; Scholz, C.; Ellerbrok, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Summary of Activities and the Results of Ornithological Monitoring in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, 2023 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
Bioseco Pilot Study Results Report Camera-Based Anti-Collision System Species Protection Assessment Clausen, E.; Welcker, J.; Liesenjohann, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Joint OSPAR/HELCOM/ICES Working Group on Seabirds (JWGBIRDS; Outputs from 2022 Meeting) Dierschke, V.; Frederiksen, M.; Glemarec, G.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Monitoring of the migration of birds through the territory of the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Аutumn 2023 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
Investigation of potential metal emissions from galvanic anodes in offshore wind farms into North Sea sediments Ebeling, A.; Wippermann, D.; Zimmermann, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
Competing for space? A multi-criteria scenario framework intended to model the energy–biodiversity–land nexus for regional renewable energy planning based on a German case study Weber, J.; Steinkamp, T.; Reichenbach, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Marine Spatial Planning
Erfahrungsbericht Betriebsschall: Projektübergreifende Auswertung und Bewertung der Unterwasserschallmessungen aus der Betriebsphase von Offshore-Windparks Bellmann, M.; Müller, T.; Scheiblich, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Quantifying trade-offs for the spatial allocation of onshore wind generation capacity – A case study for Germany Tafarte, P.; Lemann, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Monitoring of spring bird migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2023 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
Bird Protection Zones in a Wind Park by Ka-Band Radar Surveillance: Field Results from the Wind Testing Site WINSENT Malzer, M.; Burhenn, M.; Beck, S.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Towards Digital Twins of the Oceans: The Potential of Machine Learning for Monitoring the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Environments Schneider, J.; Klüner, A.; Zielinski, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
The mayor said so? The impact of local political figures and social norms on local responses to wind energy projects Karakislak, I.; Schneider, N. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2022-2023 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
Response of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) to different types of acoustic harassment devices and subsequent piling during the construction of offshore wind farms Voß, J.; Rose, A.; Kosarev, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Wind turbines in managed forests partially displace common birds Rehling, F.; Delius, A.; Ellerbrok, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Passerines, Raptors
Broadening the social acceptance of wind energy – An Integrated Acceptance Model Hübner, G.; Leschinger, V.; Müller, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Understanding subjective and situational factors of wind turbine noise annoyance Müller, F.; Leschinger, V.; Hübner, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Data on benthic species assemblages and seafloor sediment characteristics in an offshore windfarm in the southeastern North Sea Teschke, K.; Gusky, M.; Gutow, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Broadening the social acceptance of wind energy – An Integrated Acceptance Model Hübner, G.; Leschinger, V.; Müller, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Summary of Activities and the Results of Ornithological Monitoring in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, 2022 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy
Monitoring of the migration of birds through the territory of the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Аutumn 2022 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
Impacts of accelerating deployment of offshore windfarms on near-surface climate Akhtar, N.; Geyer, B.; Schrum, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Visual evaluations of wind turbines: Judgments of scenic beauty or of moral desirability? Kirchhoff, T.; Ramisch, K.; Feucht, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Wind turbines without curtailment produce large numbers of bat fatalities throughout their lifetime: A call against ignorance and neglect Voigt, C.; Kaiser, K.; Look, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Chemical Emissions from Offshore Wind Farms - Summary of the Project OffChEm Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency; Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
The Ongoing Conflict between Offshore Wind Farms and the Fishing Industry in the North Sea Reckhaus, N. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Chasing the offshore wind farm wind-wake-induced upwelling/downwelling dipole Floeter, J.; Pohlmann, T.; Harmer, A; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Activity of forest specialist bats decreases towards wind turbines at forest sites Ellerbrok, J.; Delius, A.; Peter, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats
Diet analysis of bats killed at wind turbines suggests large-scale losses of trophic interactions Scholz, C.; Voigt, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Invertebrates
Flight altitudes and fight activities of adult Red Kites (Milvus milvus) in the breeding area as determined by GPS telemetry Pfeiffer, T.; Meyburg, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Monitoring of Spring Bird Migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2022 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Key factors influencing onshore wind energy development: A case study from the German North Sea region Kiunke, T.; Gemignani, N.; Malheiro, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Coastal onshore wind turbines lead to habitat loss for bats in Northern Germany Reusch, C.; Lozar, M.; Kramer-Schadt, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats
Human–Wildlife Conflicts across Landscapes—General Applicability vs. Case Specificity Göttert, T.; Starik, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions
Summary of Activates and the Results of Ornithological Monitoring in the Integrated system for Protection of Birds, 2021 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Birds
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2021-2022 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Emergence of Large-Scale Hydrodynamic Structures Due to Atmospheric Offshore Wind Farm Wakes Christiansen, N.; Daewel, U.; Djath, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Real-Time Bird Detection and Collision Risk Control in Wind Farms Georgiev, M.; Zehtindjiev, P. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
The Effect of Sound on Bird Behaviour Application in Wind Farms Georgiev, M.; Marinov, M.; Zehtindjiev, P. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Noise Birds, Passerines
High vulnerability of juvenile Nathusius' pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus nathusii) at wind turbines Kruszynski, C.; Bailey, L.; Bach, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
The uncertain future of the Norway lobster fisheries in the North Sea calls for new management strategies Letschert, J.; Stollberg, N.; Rambo, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
An indicator for assessing the status of marine-bird habitats affected by multiple human activities: A novel statistical approach Mercker, M.; Dierschke, V.; Camphuysen, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Underestimated Scale of Songbird Offshore Migration Across the South-Eastern North Sea during Autumn Brust, V.; Hüppop, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Passerines

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