White Storks are large diurnal birds of the stork family (Ciconia ciconia) and have a large range across Africa, Europe, Russia, the Middle East and as far east as India. There are both migrant populations which migrate south to Africa, as well as an increasing occurrence of resident white storks in Europe. With regards to wind energy, white storks’ populations are a potentially sensitive species to additional mortality as they are long lived species and have low fecundity. Wind turbines may pose a collision risk to white storks. Avoidance and displacement represent potential indirect risk factors. This summary represents a general overview of the research, produced by WREN under IEA Wind.
Short Science Summary: White Storks in Europe Onshore Wind Energy
The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.
| Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Detection of management events at wind turbines | Harendt, S., Bruns, E. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
| Fortsetzungsstudie Probabilistik - Das Raumnutzungs-Kollisionsrisikomodell (RKR-Modell) | Mercker, M., Raab, R., Liesenjohann, T., Liedtke, J., Blew, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
| Bioseco Pilot Study Results Report Camera-Based Anti-Collision System Species Protection Assessment | Clausen, E., Welcker, J., Liesenjohann, T. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
| The species-specificity of energy landscapes for soaring birds, and its consequences for transferring suitability models across species | Scacco, M., Arrondo, E., Donazar, J., Flack, A., Sanchez-Zapata, J., Duriez, O., Wikelski, M., Safi, K. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
| Significant decline of Griffon Vulture collision mortality in wind farms during 13-year of a selective turbine stopping protocol | Ferrer, M., Alloing, A., Baumbush, R., Morandini, V. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
| Testing and Evaluation of "SafeWind" A Bird Protection System | Soni, B., Loske, K., Lackmann, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision | Bats, Birds | |
| Mortality limits used in wind energy impact assessment underestimate impacts of wind farms on bird populations | Schippers, P., Buij, R., Schotman, A., Verboom, J., van der Jeugd, H., Jongejans, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
| Modelling risks posed by wind turbines and power lines to soaring birds: the black stork (Ciconia nigra) in Italy as a case study | Smeraldo, S., Bosso, L., Fraissinet, M., Bordignon, L., Brunelli, M., Ancillotto, L., Russo, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
| Predicting Migratory Corridors of White Storks, Ciconia ciconia, to Enhance Sustainable Wind Energy Planning: A Data-Driven Agent-Based Model | Oloo, F., Safi, K., Aryal, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
| Impact of Windmills and Power Lines on Birds: A Case Study at Porbandar Taluka, Gujarat-India | Suthar, A., Rathod, J., Singh, N., Patel, I., Gavali, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
| Recommendations for distances of wind turbines to important areas for birds as well as breeding sites of selected bird species | Working Group of German State Bird Conservancies | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
| Study on the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) Autumn Migration, Northeastern Bulgaria | Gerdzhikov, G., Ilieva, M., Nikolov, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Shorebirds | |
| Bird Migration Monitoring in the Saint Nikola Wind Farm Territory, Kaliakra Region in Autumn 2014, an Analysis of Potential Impact after Five Years of Operation | Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
| Preliminary survey of avifauna around wind farm of Jangi region, Kutch District, Gujarat, India | Ali, A., Kumar, S., Arun, P., Murugesan, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
| Autumn migration of soaring birds through the Gebel El Zeit Important Bird Area (IBA), Egypt, threatened by wind farm projects | Hilgerloh, G., Michalik, A., Raddatz, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds | ||
| Characteristics of Soaring Birds' Spring Migration over Inland SE Bulgaria | Shurulinkov, P., Daskalova, G., Chakarov, N., Hristov, K., Dyulgerova, S., Gocheva, Y., Cheshmedzhiev, S., Madzharov, M., Dimchev, I. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Shorebirds, Raptors, Birds | ||
| Bird Collisions with Power Lines: Failing to See the Way Ahead? | Martin, G., Shaw, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Avoidance | Birds | |
| Bird migration monitoring in the AES Geo Power Wind Park territory, Kaliakra region, in autumn 2010 | Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Passerines, Birds |