Adaptive management (AM) is a learning-based management approach that is used to reduce scientific uncertainty, and has been applied to many types of development including filling of wetlands and various forms of renewable energy. AM has been identified as a tool to advance the wind energy industry. The AM summary (fact sheet) was created to provide a broad summary of the WREN AM white paper and to highlight AM as an approach to tackling environmental impacts of wind energy developments. A list of the sources used to develop this Short Science Summary is also available here.
Adaptive Management for Wind and Wildlife Interactions (English)
Gestion adaptative des interactions de l’énergie éolienne et la faune (French)
Adaptives Management für die Interaktionen von Windenergie und relevanten Tierartens (German)
The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.
| Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Machine learning-based ensemble species distribution models to guide monitoring and survey design for offshore wind | Ingram, E., Dunton, K., Frisk, M., Butler, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Demersal Fish | ||
| GINGR White Paper: Road Map for Biodiversity Net Gain in the Offshore Renewables Sector | Cook, A., Jobson, B. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
| Bonney Downs Wind Farm Environmental Review Document | Jacobs Engineering Group | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
| Underwater Noise in Offshore Wind Farms: Monitoring Technologies, Acoustic Characteristics, and Long-Term Adaptive Management | Zhu, P., Hu, Z., Li, H., Dai, M., Chen, J., Hu, Z., Xu, X. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
| A global decision framework for reducing bat fatalities at wind energy facilities | Frick, W., Whitby, M., Wilson, D., MacEwan, K., Hulka, S., Akre, K., O'Mara, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Collision | Bats | |
| Cumulative impacts of offshore wind and commercial vessels on harbour porpoise populations in Danish waters | Gallagher, C., Frankish, C., Teilmann, J., Cordier, A., Weller, F., Nabe-Nielsen, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Displacement, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
| Real-time Artificial Intelligence Species Recognition for Marine Biodiversity Monitoring: A Transformative Approach for Offshore Wind Management | Summerfield, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | |||
| Review of methods used to calculate scale of artificial nesting structures proposed as a compensation measure for Kittiwake mortality at offshore wind farms | Rhoades, J., Johnston, D.T., Humphreys, E.M., Boersch-Supan, P.H. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
| New frontiers in wind-wildlife monitoring systems | Dempsey, L., Clerc, J., Hein, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
| ORJIP Closing the Loop: Recommendations and roadmap (D05) | Jones, E., Hague, A., Booth, C., Skeate, E., Perrow, M., Searle, K., Scott-Hayward, L., Couto, A., Daunt, F., Miller, S., Lorenzo-Arribas, A., Hull, S., Sparling, C., Hastie, G., Delacombe, K., Butler, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
| Assessing, monitoring and mitigating the effects of offshore wind farms on biodiversity | Watson, S., Szostek, C., Edwards-Jones, A., Wills, B., Watson, G., Beaumont, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
| The Scottish Seabird Conservation Action Plan | Scottish Government | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
| Strategic Compensation Studies: Efficacy of predator reduction measures – a literature review | Tarbet, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Terrestrial Mammals | |
| Biofouling on Offshore Wind Energy Structures: Characterization, Impacts, Mitigation Strategies, and Future Trends | Poozesh, P., Nieto, F., Fernández, P., Ríos, R., Diaz-Casas, V. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Changes in Flow | ||
| Floating Offshore Wind Farms Attract Japanese Horse Mackerel | Tsuchida, S., Kato, R., Nishitsuji, S., Anzai, S., Azmi, S., Tanaka, S., Masumi, S., Uchida, J., Aoshima, T., Hirasaka, K., Fujimoto, S., Shimizu, K., Hirose, M., Yagi, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction | Fish | |
| Strategic Compensation Studies: Reducing Pressures from Avian Predators: A Potential Strategic Compensation Measure | Offshore Wind Industry Council (OWIC) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
| Shutdown on Demand for the mitigation of bird collision risk at onshore wind farms in South Africa | Smallie, J., Froneman, A., Smith, D., Mulvaney, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
| Exploring development of spatially stratified wind turbine collision risk prior distributions for eagles: An application of adaptive management | Howell, P., New, L., Bjerre, E., White, H. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
| Workshop to compile evidence on the impacts of offshore renewable energy on fisheries and marine ecosystems | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
| Exploring Approaches to Fisheries’ Coexistence with Floating Offshore Wind | Sandzen, A., Bakhsh, T., MacDonald, H., van Damme, C. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Entanglement | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement | |
| Ecological Impacts of Floating Offshore Wind Development in the Mediterranean in the Context of Climate and Biodiversity Crisis | Wawrzynkowski, P. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data | ||
| Towards holistic, participative and adaptable governance for offshore wind farm decommissioning | Jurrius, L., van Hoof, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | |
| Effective Underwater Noise Management of Offshore Energy Activities: Use of Monitoring and Adaptive Management | Carter, R., Capill, M., Carter, T. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | ||
| AB 525 Offshore Wind Strategic Plan | Jones, M., Bartridge, J., Walker, L. | Report | Wind Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise, Vessel Strike | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
| A framework for studying the effects of offshore wind energy development on birds and bats in the Eastern United States | Williams, K., Gulka, J., Cook, A., Diehl, R., Farnsworth, A., Goyert, H., Hein, C., Loring, P., Mizrahi, D., Petersen, I., Peterson, T., Press, K., Stenhouse, I. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
| A synthesis of socioeconomic and sociocultural indicators for assessing the impacts of offshore renewable energy on fishery participants and fishing communities | Willis-Norton, E., Mangin, T., Schroeder, D., Cabral, R., Gaines, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Displacement | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data | |
| Supplemental North Atlantic Right Whale Monitoring and Mitigation Plan for Pile Driving | SouthCoast Wind Energy LLC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
| Assessment of Technology Gaps for Statistically Robust Data and Integration of Monitoring of Birds and Marine Mammals into Equipment and Operations of Offshore Windfarms | Courbis, S., Williams, K., Stepanuk, J., Etter, H., McManus, M., Campoblanco, F., Pacini, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
| Responsible Practices for Regional Wildlife Monitoring and Research in Relation to Offshore Wind Energy Development | New York State Environmental Technical Working Group (NYETWG) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | |||
| Assessing carcass relocation for offsetting golden eagle mortality at wind energy facilities | Lonsdorf, E., Gerber, J., Ray, D., Slater, S., Allison, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds, Raptors | |
| Maritime Spatial Planning in Europe: Discussion Paper on the Challenges and Potential Opportunities Around the Colocation of Offshore Wind Energy with Marine Protected Areas | Stephenson, P. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
| Integrating Bird and Marine Mammal Monitoring into Offshore Wind Energy Development Infrastructure and Operations | Courbis, S., Etter, H., Pacini, A., Campoblanco, F., Willaims, K., Stepanuk, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Entanglement | Birds, Marine Mammals | |
| Assessing the Balance Between Nature and People in European Seas: Maritime Spatial Planning in the Mediterranean Sea | World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
| A network approach to analyse Australia’s blue economy policy and legislative arrangements | Frohlich, M., Fidelman, P., Dutton, I., Haward, M., Head, B., Maynard, D., Rissik, D., Vince, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
| Technology Gaps for Bird Monitoring in Relation to Offshore Wind Energy Development | Courbis, S., Etter, H., Pacini, A., Campoblanco, F., Williams, K., Stepanuk, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds | ||
| Technology Gaps for Marine Mammal Monitoring in Relation to Offshore Wind Development | Courbis, S., Etter, H., Pacini, A., Campoblanco, F., Willaims, K., Stepanuk, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
| Game bird carcasses are less persistent than raptor carcasses, but can predict raptor persistence dynamics | Hallingstad, E., Riser-Espinoza, D., Brown, S., Rabie, P., Haddock, J., Kosciuch, K. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Collision | Birds | |
| Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Progressive Insights in Changing Species Distribution Patterns Informing Marine Management | Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B., Vigin, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
| Assessing the Balance Between Nature and People in European Seas: Maritime Spatial Planning in the North-East Atlantic Ocean | World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
| Assessing the Balance Between Nature and People in European Seas: Maritime Spatial Planning in the North Sea | World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning |