Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Underwater Visual Records of Marine Megafauna Around Offshore Anthropogenic Structures Todd, V.; Lazar, L.; Williamson, L.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles
How to set sound exposure criteria for fishes Hawkins, A.; Johnson, C.; Popper, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Fish, Human Dimensions
Challenges of future energy landscapes in Germany — a nature conservation perspective Ponitka, J.; Boettner, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
Nature-Inclusive Design: A Catalogue for Offshore Wind Infrastructure Hermans, A.; Bos, O.; Prusina, I. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Scientists Collecting Data on Commercial Fish Species in Wind Energy Lease Areas NOAA Fisheries Website Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions
Ground response during offshore pile driving in a sandy slope Lamens, P.; Askarinejad, A.; Sluijsmans, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment, Water Quality
Ecological Risk Assessment of Underwater Sounds from Dredging Operations McQueen, A.; Suedel, B.; de Jong, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) influence the behaviour of bottom-dwelling marine species Hutchison, Z.; Gill, A.; Sigray, P.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Investigating the potential impact of wind farms on Lake Erie Afsharian, S.; Taylor, P.; Momayez, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality
Toward an Ecosystem Approach of Marine Renewable Energy: The Case of the Offshore Wind Farm of Courseulles-sur-Mer in the Bay of Seine Niquil, N.; Raoux, A.; Haraldsson, M.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Strategic Plan to Protect California’s Coast and Ocean 2020–2025 Crowfoot, W.; Blumenfeld, J.; Yee, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Fish, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Turbulence in the wake of offshore wind farm foundations and its potential effects on mixing of stratified tidal shelf seas Schultze, L.; Merckelbach, L.; Raasch, S.; et al. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality
Towards Estimating the Biogeochemical Footprint of an Offshore Windfarm Vanavebeke, J.; Braeckman, U.; De Borger, E.; et al. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Water Quality, Invertebrates
The State of the Science on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy Development: Workshop Proceedings Gulka, J.; Williams, K. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
A Parametric Analysis and Sensitivity Study of the Acoustic Propagation for Renewable Energy Heaney, K.; Ainslie, M.; Halvorsen, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy Noise Fish
Seasonal Variations of Marine Environment and Primary Production in the Taiwan Strait Tseng, H.; You, W.; Huang, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Water Quality
Movement and Habitat Selection by Migratory Fishes within the Maryland Wind Energy Area and Adjacent Reference Sites Secor, D.; O'Brien, M.; Rothermel, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Wind farm development on peatlands increases fluvial macronutrient loading Heal, K.; Phin, A.; Waldron, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Water Quality
Potential environmental impacts of wind energy development: A global perspective Nazir, M.; Ali, N.; Bilal, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes
Options for biodiversity enhancement in offshore wind farms Bureau Waardenburg bv Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Early conservation benefits of a de facto marine protected area at San Clemente Island, California Esgro, M.; Lindholm, J.; Nickols, K.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
The role of ambient sound levels, signal-to-noise ratio, and stimulus pulse rate on behavioural disturbance of seabass in a net pen Hubert, J.; Neo, Y.; Winter, H.; et al. Journal Article Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Cumulative Noise Impacts Upon Fishes (and Turtles) from Offshore Wind Farm Construction and Operation Popper, A.; Hawkins, A. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Trawls National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Website Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Empirical Evidence Inspiring Priority Monitoring, Research and Management Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Guía para la descripción de centrales eólicas de generación de energía eléctrica en el SEIA (segunda edición) Servicio de Evaluación Ambiental de Chile Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Impactos ambientales de los parques eólicos y líneas de transmisión de energía sobre la biodiversidad de áreas protegidas del departamento de la Guajira-Colombia Garavito-Terrez, L Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Occurrence of Commercially Important and Endangered Fishes in Delaware Wind Energy Areas Using Acoustic Telemetry Haulsee, D.; Oliver, M.; Fox, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Behavioural responses in a congested sea: an observational study on a coastal nest-guarding fish Mascolino, S.; Mariani, S.; Benvenuto, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Methodology for modeling and service life monitoring of mooring lines of floating wind turbines Pham, H.; Schoefs, F.; Cartraud, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Does the colonisation of offshore renewable energy farms facilitate the introduction and spread of non-indigenous species? Nexer, M.; Ben Rais Lasram, F.; Bourgougnon, N.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Oil and gas platforms as artificial substrates for epibenthic North Sea fauna: Effects of location and depth Schutter, M.; Dorenbosch, M.; Driessen, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Strategy for Protecting Whales and Sea Turtles & Ensuring Thriving Fisheries: Reducing the Risk of Entanglement in California Fishing Gear California Ocean Protection Council Report Marine Mammals, Reptiles
A Morphodynamic Study of the Irish Sector of the Irish Sea O'Shea, M.; Guerrini, M.; Murphy, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality
Project Environmental Monitoring Plan: Kincardine Offshore Windfarm Project Kincardine Offshore Wind Ltd Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
ScotMER and MREF MASTS Workshop Report Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland Workshop Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Offshore oil production platforms as potential sources of larvae to coastal shelf regions off southern California Nishimoto, M.; Simons, R.; Love, M. Journal Article Invertebrates, Fish, Ecosystem Processes
Fish densities associated with structural elements of oil and gas platforms in southern California Meyer-Gutbrod, E.; Kui, L.; Nishimoto, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Fish
The importance of underwater sounds to gadoid fishes Hawkins, A.; Picciulin, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2019 Khalil, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Terrestrial Mammals
Studies on the evaluation of fish attraction performance around anchored Fish Aggregating Devices (aFADs) Karama, K. Thesis Marine Energy, Wind Energy Attraction Fish, Invertebrates
Development and application of a low-cost rapid assessment system for coastal benthic habitats Benjamin, C.; Cadeliña, P.; Yñiguez, A.; et al. Journal Article Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
Ocean Science Magazine Brown, W.; Cluck, R.; Cruickshank, W.; et al. Magazine Article Noise Physical Environment, Ecosystem Processes
Moray East Pre-Construction Survey Campaign Summary Report Moray Offshore Wind Farm (East) Limited Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Second Annual Report Fourth Interim Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Improving visual biodiversity assessments of motile fauna in turbid aquatic environments Jones, R.; Griffin, R.; Rees, S.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Endangered Atlantic Sturgeon in the New York Wind Energy Area: implications of future development in an offshore wind energy site Ingram, E.; Cerrato, R.; Dunton, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish
Endangered Atlantic Sturgeon in the New York Wind Energy Area: implications of future development in an offshore wind energy site Ingram, E.; Cerrato, R.; Dunton, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish
Evaluation of Potential EMF Effects on Fish Species of Commercial or Recreational Fishing Importance in Southern New England Snyder, D.; Bailey, W.; Palmquist, K.; et al. Report Marine Energy Attraction, Avoidance, EMF Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Wildlife and Wind Farms - Conflicts and Solutions, Volume 4. Offshore: Monitoring and Mitigation Perrow, M. Book Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning

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