Knowledge Base
The Knowledge Base provides access to information about the environmental effects of marine and wind energy, supporting OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents and OES-Environmental metadata forms are compiled into a user-friendly table with advanced filtering. Filters may be selected on the right, or keywords entered in the Search Text box. Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers.
As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.
| Title | Author* | Date** | Type of Content | Technology Types |
Stressors |
Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Man-Made Structures on Marine Sediments: Effects on Adjacent Benthic Communities | Davis, N., VanBlaricom, G., Dayton, P. | January 1982 | Journal Article | N/A | Energy Removal, Static Device | Benthic Invertebrates, Nearfield Habitat |
| Humber Gateway Offshore Wind Farm: Offshore ES Description of the Physical Baseline Environment | Humber Gateway Offshore Wind Farm | January 2005 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal, Static Device | Farfield Environment |
| Ormonde Offshore Wind Farm 2010 Construction Environmental Monitoring Report | Saunders, S. | January 2012 | Report | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal, Noise | Birds, Waterfowl, Marine Mammals |
| Guidance on Environmental Impact Assessment of Offshore Renewable Energy Development on Surfing Resources and Recreation | Surfers Against Sewage | June 2009 | Report | Marine Energy general, Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Socio-economics, Environmental Impact Assessment, Recreation |
| Potential Climatic Impacts And Reliability Of Very Large-scale Wind Farms | Wang, C., Prinn, G. | January 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| The Influence Of Large-Scale Wind Power On Global Climate | Keith, D., et al. | November 2004 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment, Socio-economics, Climate Change |
| Taming Hurricanes with Arrays of Offshore Wind Turbines | Jacobson, M., Archer, C., Kempton, W. | March 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Pseudo Spectral Analysis of the Energy Entrainment in a Scaled Down Wind Farm | Newman, J., Drew, D., Castillo, L. | October 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | N/A |
| Wake Effects of Large Offshore Wind Farms Identified from Satellite SAR | Christiansen, M., Hasager, C. | October 2005 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Precipitation reduction during Hurricane Harvey with simulated offshore wind farms | Pan, Y., Yan, C., Archer, C. | July 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Nonlocal Inadvertent Weather Modification Associated with Wind Farms in the Central United States | Lauridsen, M., Ancell, B. | August 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Land-Based Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| The Turbulent Wake of a Monopile Foundation | Rogan, C., et al. | August 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | N/A |
| Large-Eddy Simulation of Offshore Wind Farm | Yang, D., Meneveau, C., Shen, L. | February 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | N/A |
| On the Effect of Offshore Wind Farms on the Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics | Ludewig, E. | January 2015 | Book | Wind Energy general, Offshore Wind | Energy Removal | Farfield Environment |
| Unstructured Grid Modelling of Offshore Wind Farm Impacts on Seasonally Stratified Shelf Seas | Cazenave, P., Torres, R., Allen, J. | June 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment |
| Burbo Offshore Wind Farm Construction Phase Environmental Monitoring Report | Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies | April 2008 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, EMF, Noise | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Impact of substantial wind farms on the local and regional atmospheric boundary layer: Case study of Zhangbei wind power base in China | Wang, Q., et al. | September 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Seabed morphodynamics due to offshore wind farms | van der Veen, H., Hulscher, S., Lapeña, B. | July 2019 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| The Iowa Atmospheric Observatory: Revealing the Unique Boundary Layer Characteristics of a Wind Farm | Takle, E., Rajewski, D., Purdy, S. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| On the Potential Impact of Lake Erie Wind Farms on Water Temperatures and Mixed‐Layer Depths: Some Preliminary 1‐D Modeling Using COHERENS | Afsharian, S., Taylor, P. | February 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Water Quality |
| Modelling the Effects of Wind Farming on the Local Weather Using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model | Jawaheer, B., et al. | January 2019 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Wave Climate and Coastline Response of the Dutch Coast: Investigating the effect of large-scale offshore wind farm developments in the North Sea | Ballas, G. | November 2018 | Thesis | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Effects of wind farms on near-surface wind speed | Xin, Z., et al. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | N/A |
| The Influence of Real‐World Wind Turbine Deployments on Local to Mesoscale Climate | Pryor, S., Barthelmie, R., Shepherd, T. | May 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| On the Multi-Scale Interactions Between an Offshore-Wind-Turbine Wake and the Ocean-Sediment Dynamics in an Idealized Framework - A Numerical Investigation | Nagel, T., et al. | January 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| The VERTEX field campaign: observations of near-ground effects of wind turbine wakes | Archer, C., et al. | January 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | N/A |
| Meteorological and Hydrological Effect of Wind Farm in Arid Areas | Yin, R., et al. | January 2017 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on North Sea Stratification | Carpenter, J., et al. | August 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Water Quality |
| Exploring the wakes of large offshore wind farms | Emeis, S., et al. | January 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Offshore Wind Farm Wake Effect on Stratification and Coastal Upwelling | Paskyabi, M. | December 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Coastal impact of a hybrid marine farm operating close to the Sardinia Island | Onea, F., Rusu, L. | May 2015 | Conference Paper | Marine Energy (General), Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | N/A |
| The Influence of Large Offshore Wind Farms on the North Sea and Baltic Sea - A Comprehensive Literature Review | Clark, S., Schroeder, F., Baschek, B. | December 2014 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Water Quality |
| Changes in fluxes of heat, H2O, and CO2 caused by a large wind farm | Rajewski, D., et al. | August 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Numerical Study for Wave-Induced Seabed Response around Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation in Donghai Offshore Wind Farm, Shanghai, China | Chang, K., Jeng, D. | July 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Physical and Numerical Large-Scale Wave Basin Modeling of Fluid-Structure Interaction and Wave Impact Phenomena | Yim, S., et al. | June 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | N/A |
| Effects of Man-Made Structures on Sedimentary Oxygenation: Extent, Seasonality and Implications for Offshore Renewables | Wilding, T. | June 2014 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Large Eddy Simulation Studies of the Effects of Alignment and Wind Farm Length | Stevens, R., Gayme, D., Meneveau, C. | April 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Crop Wind Energy Experiment (CWEX): Observations of Surface-Layer, Boundary Layer, and Mesoscale Interactions with a Wind Farm | Rajewski, D., et al. | May 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Modelling Potential Changes in Marine Biogeochemistry due to Large-Scale Offshore Wind Farms | van der Molen, J., Rees, J., Limpenny, S. | April 2013 | Conference Paper | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment |
| Evaluation of the nearshore impact of a hybrid wave-wind energy farm | Diaconu, S., Onea, F., Rusu, E. | February 2013 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Spatiotemporal Structure of Wind Farm-atmospheric Boundary Layer Interactions | Cervarich, M., Roy, S., Zhou, L. | January 2013 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Further evidence of impacts of large-scale wind farms on land surface temperature | Walsh-Thomas, J., et al. | October 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Offshore Wind Farms: Foundations and Influence on the Littoral Processes | Esteban, M., et al. | January 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Simulation Of Wave Damping Near Coast Due To Offshore Wind Farms | Alari, V., Raudsepp, U. | September 2010 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | N/A |
| Simulating Environmental Changes Due to Marine Hydrokinetic Energy Installations | James, S., et al. | September 2010 | Conference Paper | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality |
| Numerical Calculation of the Impact of Offshore Wind Farm Power Stations on Hydrodynamic Conditions | Zhang, W., Xia, H., Wang, B. | January 2009 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| On The Influence Of Large Wind Farms On The Upper Ocean Circulation | Broström, G. | November 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Sediment Transport Patterns at Trafalgar Offshore Windfarm | Besio, G., Losada, M. | May 2008 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Effects of Wind Farm Foundations on the Water Exchange between North Sea and Baltic Sea - A First Careful Assessment Derived from the QuantAS-Off Project | Burchard, H., et al. | January 2008 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Dynamics of Scour Pits and Scour Protection - Synthesis Report and Recommendations | Whitehouse, R., Harris, J., Rees, J. | January 2008 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Scroby Sands Offshore Wind Farm - Coastal Processes Monitoring | Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) | July 2006 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Ormonde Project Scoping Study for Coastal and Seabed Processes | Coates, T., Skipper, C., Cranmer, G. | November 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Sand Banks, Sand Transport and Offshore Wind Farms: Technical Report | Kenyon, N., Cooper, B. | May 2005 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Coastal Process Modelling for Offshore Windfarm Environmental Impact Assessment: Best Practice Guide | Lambkin, D., et al. | September 2009 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment |
| Wake Effects on Middelgrund Windfarm | Jørgensen, H., Frandsen, S., Vølund, P. | July 2003 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Offshore Wind Turbine Wakes Measured by Sodar | Barthelmie, J., et al. | April 2003 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Potential Effects of Offshore Wind Developments on Coastal Processes | Beiboer, F., Cooper, B. | January 2002 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| The Annapolis Tidal Power Project Head Pond Water Levels - Impacts and Mitigations | Rice, R. | September 1984 | Report | Marine Energy (General), Tidal | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Wind turbine impact on near-ground air temperature | Moravec, D., et al. | August 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island | Onea, F., Rusu, E. | November 2019 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Numerical study of multi-scale flow-sediment-structure interactions using a multiphase approach | Nagel, T. | July 2018 | Thesis | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Tidal Energy: The Benthic Effects of an Operational Tidal Stream Turbine | O'Carroll, J., et al. | August 2017 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Tidal | Changes in Flow | Invertebrates |
| Current and Wave Effects around Windfarm Monopile Foundations | Miles, J., Martin, T, Goddard, L | March 2017 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Foundation Damping and the Dynamics of Offshore Wind Turbine Monopiles | Carswell, W., et al. | August 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| In situ observations of suspended particulate matter plumes at an offshore wind farm, southern North Sea | Baeye, M., Fettweis, M. | August 2015 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Preliminary Assessment of Offshore Wind Development Impacts on Marine Ecosystems | Huang, H., Hall, A. | March 2015 | Report | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Costs and consequences of wind turbine wake effects arising from uncoordinated wind energy development | Lundquist, J., et al. | November 2018 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind, Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data |
| The Effect of a Giant Wind Farm on Precipitation in a Regional Climate Model | Fiedler, B., Bukovsky, M. | January 2011 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Simulating impacts of real-world wind farms on land surface temperature using the WRF model: physical mechanisms | Xia, G., et al. | March 2019 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Kármán vortex and turbulent wake generation by wind park piles | Grashorn, S., Stanev, E. | December 2016 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| The expected efficiency and coastal impact of a hybrid energy farm operating in the Portuguese nearshore | Onea, F., Rusu, E. | February 2016 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Experimental Analysis of the Wake of a Horizontal-Axis Wind-Turbine Model | Lignarolo, L., et al. | October 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Turbid Wakes Associated with Offshore Wind Turbines Observed with Landsat 8 | Vanhellemont, Q., Ruddick, K. | April 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Experimental Study on Influence of Pitch Motion on the Wake of a Floating Wind Turbine Model | Rockel, S., et al. | March 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Upper Ocean Response to Large Wind Farm Effect in the Presence of Surface Gravity Waves | Paskyabi, M., Fer, I. | January 2012 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| A Sustainability Index for Offshore Wind Farms and Open Water Aquaculture | Benassai, G., et al. | January 2011 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Human Dimensions, Fisheries |
| Monitoring of Hydrodynamic and Morphological Changes at the C-Power and Belwind Offshore Windfarm Sites - A Synthesis | Van den Eynde, D., et al. | January 2010 | Book Chapter | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport |
| Response of Offshore Cultivated Laminaria saccharina to Hydrodynamic Forcing in the North Sea | Buck, B., Buchholz, C. | December 2005 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Human Dimensions |
| Can Large Wind Farms Affect Local Meteorology? | Baidya Roy, S., Pacala, S., Walko, R. | October 2004 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General) | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment |
| Interactions with Offshore Wind Energy: Birds and Bats | Island Institute | January 2012 | Presentation | Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Seabirds |
| Behavior of Bats at Wind Turbines | Cryan, P., et al. | October 2014 | Journal Article | Wind Energy (General), Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement | Bats |
| Environmental Risk Evaluation System - An Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments | Copping, A., et al. | January 2015 | Journal Article | Marine Energy (General), Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy (General), Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals |
