The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Drivers of flight altitude during nocturnal bird migration over the North Sea and implications for offshore wind energy | Bradaric, M.; Kranstauber, B.; Bouten, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds | |
Eco-friendly reef restoration pilots in offshore wind farms | Bos, O.; Kamermans, P.; Tonk, L.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions | ||
Environmental Impacts of Global Offshore Wind Energy Development until 2040 | Li, C.; Mogollón, J.; Tukker, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Measuring and visualizing environmental and social impacts of wind energy projects | Pian, A.; Verhoef, J.; De Vries, L.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Human Dimensions | |
Acceptable Levels of Impact from offshore wind farms on the Dutch Continental Shelf for 21 bird species | Potiek, A.; Ijntema, G.J.; van Kooten, T.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Optimizing Shellfish Aquaculture for Multi-Use Spaces Within Offshore Wind Farms in the Dutch North Sea | Paulson, S. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Adaptive marine spatial planning in the Netherlands sector of the North Sea | de Vrees, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Nature-Inclusive Design: A Catalogue for Offshore Wind Infrastructure | Hermans, A.; Bos, O.; Prusina, I. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
A Model for Disentangling Dependencies and Impacts among Human Activities and Marine Ecosystem Services | Bryhn, A.; Kraufvelin, P.; Bergström, U.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
A Spatial Analysis of the Potentials for Offshore Wind Farm Locations in the North Sea Region: Challenges and Opportunities | Gusatu, L.; Yamu, C.; Zuidema, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Options for biodiversity enhancement in offshore wind farms | Bureau Waardenburg bv | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions | |
The consequences of seabird habitat loss from offshore wind turbines, version 2 | van Kooten, T.; Soudijn, F.; Tulp, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds | |
Effects of turbine collision mortality on population dynamics of 13 bird species | Potiek, A.; Collier, M.; Schekkerman, H.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
The consequences of seabird habitat loss from offshore wind turbines: a research plan for five selected species | van Kooten, T.; Soudijn, F.; Leopold, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds, Seabirds | |
Pilot field study: observations from a fixed platform on occurrence and behaviour of common guillemots and other seabirds in offshore wind farm Luchterduinen | Mardik, F.; Leopold, M.; Verdaat, H. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Marine Biodiversity and the Development of a North Sea Offshore Powerhouse | van Steen, H.; Buseman, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions | ||
Field validation of radar systems for monitoring bird migration | Nilsson, C.; Dokter, A.; Schmid, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds | |
Seabirds? What seabirds? An exploratory study into the origin of seabirds visiting the SE North Sea and their survival bottlenecks | Leopold, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Bat 1: Estimate of bat populations at the southern North Sea - Supporting note to ZDV report no. 2016.031 Migrating bats at the southern North Sea | Lagerveld, S.; Limpens, H.; Schillemans, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds | ||
Sonar for environmental monitoring of marine renewable energy technologies | Francisco, F. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Offshore wind energy ecological programme (Wozep) Monitoring and research programme 2017-2021 | WOZEP project team | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Offshore Wind Power for Marine Conservation | Hammar, L.; Perry, D.; Gullström, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Occurrence of peaks in songbird migration at rotor heights of offshore wind farms in the southern North Sea | Krijgsveld, K.; Fijn, R.; Lensink, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Marine Mammals - Investigations and preparation of environmental impact assessment for Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm | Dietz, R.; Galatius, A.; Mikkelsen, L.; et al. | Report | Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
2nd Iteration: Effect of turbine capacity on collision numbers for three large gull species, based on revised density data, when assessing cumulative effects of offshore wind farms on birds in the southern North Sea | van der Wal, J.; Fijn, R.; Gyimesi, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds | |
Iteration cycle: Dealing with peaks in counts of birds following active fishing vessels when assessing cumulative effects of offshore wind farms and other human activities in the Southern North Sea | Leopold, M.; Collier, M.; Gyimesi, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
A first approach to deal with cumulative effects on birds and bats of offshore wind farms and other human activities in the Southern North Sea | Leopold, M.; Boonman, M.; Collier, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Seabirds | ||
Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects of Offshore Wind Farms: A First Approach to Deal with Cumulative Effects on Birds and Bats of Offshore Wind Farms and Other Human Activities in the Southern North Sea | Leopold, M.; Boonman, M.; Collier, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Bats | ||
First year post-construction monitoring of bats and birds at Wind Turbine Test Centre Østerild | Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M. | Report | Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction | Birds, Bats | |
Marine Spatial Planning - Current Status 2014: National Planning in Sweden's Territorial Waters and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) | Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management (SwAM) | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Wildlife - A Generalized Impact Assessment | Bergström, L.; Kautsky, L.; Malm, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Responses of Local Birds to the Offshore Wind Farms PAWP and OWEZ off the Dutch mainland coast | Leopold, M.; van Bemmelen, R.; Zuur, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds | ||
Position paper towards a North Sea Energy System Integration Triple-Helix structure | Jepma, C.; Klinge, I.; Kalfsbeek, J. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
A methodological update of the Framework for the Appropriate Assessment of the ecological effects of Offshore Windfarms at the Dutch Continental Shelf | Boon, A.; Dirksen, S.; Leopold, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions | ||
Effects on birds of Offshore Wind farm Egmond aan Zee (OWEZ): An overview and integration of insights obtained | Hartman, J.; Krijgsveld, K.; Poot, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Cumulative Effects of Wind Farms in the Dutch North Sea on Bird Populations | Poot, M.; van Horssen, P.; Collier, M.; et al. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement | Birds | |
Symposium Sound Solutions Report | The North Sea Foundation | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Human Dimensions | ||
Monitoring and Research Shortlist Offshore Wind - Knowledge advancements and follow up | Boon, A. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds | |
Effect Studies Offshore Wind Egmond aan Zee: Cumulative Effects on Seabirds - A Modelling Approach to Estimate Effects on Population Levels in Seabirds | Poot, M.; van Horssen, P.; Collier, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Seabirds, Birds | ||
Night Migration of Songbirds and Waterfowl at the Utgrunden Off-Shore Wind Farm: A Radar-Assisted Study in Southern Kalmar Sound | Pettersson, J.; Fågelvind, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Passerines, Waterfowl | ||
Did the Pile Driving during the Construction of the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Impact Local Seabirds? | Leopold, M.; Camphuysen, K. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Seabirds, Birds | |
Effect Studies Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee: Progress Report on Fluxes and Behaviour of Flying Birds | Krijgsveld, K.; Fijn, R.; Heunks, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds | |
Green Light For Nocturnally Migrating Birds | Poot, H.; Ens, B.; De Vries, H.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Lighting | Birds | |
Wind Farm - Kriegers Flak: Environmental Impact Assessment | Sweden Offshore Wind AB | Report | Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Baseline Studies North Sea Wind Farms: Fluxes, Flight Paths and Altitudes of Flying Birds 2003-2004 | Krijgsveld, K.; Lensink, R.; Schekkerman, H.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance | Birds | |
The Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Bird Life in Southern Kalmar Sound, Sweden | Pettersson, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Waterfowl, Birds | ||
Influence of offshore windmills on migration birds in southeast coast of Sweden | Pettersson, J.; Stalin, T. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Seabirds | ||
Assessment of the Effects of Offshore Wind in Birds | Percival, S. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl | |
Nocturnal Flight Patterns and Altitudes of Diving Ducks in the IJsselmeer Area | Dirksen, S.; Spaans, A.; Winden, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Waterfowl, Birds |
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