Short Science Summary: Benefits and Effects

Orcas

Marine Renewable Energy: Benefits and Effects

Technologies that harvest energy from the movement of water in oceans and large rivers are under development around the world. Marine renewable energy (MRE) devices are designed to take advantage of tidal currents, fast flowing rivers, and waves, as well as ocean currents and natural gradients of temperature and salinity in ocean waters. The potential benefits that MRE can bring to nations and stakeholders are driving research studies, development of engineering systems, and experimental deployments of wave energy converters, as well as tidal and river turbines, in coastal areas. These studies, trials, and experiments are the leading edge of the development of an international MRE industry that is adding to the renewable energy portfolio of many nations. As this development occurs, it is essential that MRE projects not harm valuable and often fragile marine populations, habitats, and systems in the oceans. The responsible development of the MRE industry is informed by science-based understanding of the potential effects of MRE installations worldwide.

This Short Science Summary was developed based on the OES-Environmental 2020 State of the Science Report: Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Development Around the World, specifically Chapter 1: Marine Renewable Energy and Ocean Energy Systems and Chapter 2: Marine Renewable Energy: Environmental Effects and Monitoring Strategies. 

The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Review of Recent Literature Relevant to the Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Devices 2013 Kropp, R. Report Marine Energy Fish, Demersal Fish, Birds
The Case for Renewables Apart from Global Warming Swift-Hook, D. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Climate Change
Further Investigation of Wave Energy Converter Effects on Wave Fields: A Subsequent Modeling Sensitivity Study in Monterey Bay, CA Magalen, J., Chang, G., Jones, C., Roberts, J. Report Marine Energy, Wave Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Impacts of Tidal Energy Extraction on Sediment Dynamics in Minas Basin, Bay of Fundy, NS Smith, P., Bugden, G., Wu, Y., Mulligan, R., Tao, J. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Environmental Effects of Sediment Transport Alteration and Impacts on Protected Species: Edgartown Tidal Energy Project Barrett, S., Hughes, P., Samimy, R. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Potential Impacts of Ocean Energy Development on Marine Mammals in Oregon Davis, A. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Turbine Sound May Influence the Metamorphosis Behaviour of Estuarine Crab Megalopae Pine, M., Jeffs, A., Radford, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Invertebrates
Artificial Reef Effect in Relation to Offshore Renewable Energy Conversion: State of the Art Langhamer, O. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment
Multibeam Imaging of the Environment Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices Williamson, B., Blondel, P. Journal Article Wave, Tidal, Marine Energy Changes in Flow Fish, Birds
Baseline Measurement of Underwater Noise Under the SURGE Project Soares, C., Patricio, S., Zabel, F., Moura, A. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Noise
Geophysical Surveys of the Wave Energy Test Site at MCBH, Kāneohe: Diver Surveys Site 2 Sea Engineering Inc Report Marine Energy, Wave Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Guidelines for a Sustainable Exploitation of Offshore Renewable Energy - Account on Seabird Species Cruz, E., Simas, T. Report Marine Energy Birds
Summary of Environment Impact of Renewable Energy Resources Zhu, J., Cheung, K. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Birds, Fish
A Review of Regulatory and Policy Requirements for Hydrokinetic Power Projects in New York State Linz, F., Hirschberger, A., Casadonte, A. Report Marine Energy
Testing the Effectiveness of an Acoustic Deterrent for Grey Whales Along the Oregon Coast Lagerquist, B., Windsor, M., Mate, B. Report Marine Energy Collision, Entanglement Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Modelling the Vertical Directivity of Noise from Underwater Drilling Ward, P., Needham, K. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Noise
The New Wave Energy Converter WaveCat: Concept and Laboratory Tests Fernandez, H., Iglesias, G., Carballo, R., Castro, A., Fraguela, J., Taveira-Pinto, F., Sanchez, M. Journal Article Wave, Marine Energy
Environmental Effects of Hydrokinetic Turbines on Fish: Desktop and Laboratory Flume Studies Jacobson, P., Amaral, S., Castro-Santos, T., Giza, D., Haro, A., Hecker, G., McMahon, B., Perkins, N., Pioppi, N. Report Marine Energy Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Fish
Proposed Marwick Head Wave Farm Request for a Scoping Opinion ScottishPower Renewables Report Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Stereo-Video Methodology for Quantitative Analysis of Fish-Turbine Interactions Hammar, L., Ehnberg, J., Eggertsen, L., Andersson, S., Molander, S. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish
Billia Croo Fisheries Project: Final Report to the Scottish Government European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) Report Marine Energy, Wave Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
D2.13 Collation of Model Construction Methods Lopes, M., Candido, J., Mallen, L. Report Marine Energy, Wave
Measurement of Long-Term Ambient Noise and Tidal Turbine Levels in the Bay of Fundy Martin, B., Whitt, C., McPherson, C., Gerber, A., Scotney, M. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Noise
Admiralty Inlet Pilot Tidal Project Near-Turbine Monitoring and Mitigation Plan Snohomish County PUD Report Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Avoidance Fish, Marine Mammals
Effects of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Systems on Near and Far Field Seawater Properties - A Case Study for Hawaii Jia, Y., Nihous, G., Richards, K. Journal Article OTEC, Marine Energy Changes in Flow Water Quality, Physical Environment
Catching the Right Wave: Evaluating Wave Energy Resources and Potential Compatibility with Existing Marine and Coastal Uses Kim, C., Toft, J., Papenfus, M., Verutes, G., Guerry, A., Ruckelshaus, M., Arkema, K., Guannel, G., Wood, S., Bernhardt, J., Tallis, H., Plummer, M., Halpern, B., Pinsky, M., Beck, M., Chan, F., Chan, K., Levin, P., Polasky, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Mitigation of Low-Frequency Underwater Anthropogenic Noise using Stationary Encapsulated Gas Bubbles Lee, K., Wochner, M., Wilson, P. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Modelling South African Agulhas Marine Current Profile Data for Electricity Generation Williams, A., Nthontho, M., Chowdhury, S. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Ocean Current
Acoustic Noise Measurement Methodology for the Billia Croo Wave Energy Test Site Lepper, P., Robinson, S., Harland, E., Theobald, P., Hastie, G., Quick, N. Report Marine Energy, Wave Noise
Tracking seabirds to identify ecologically important and high risk marine areas in the western North Atlantic Montevecchi, W., Hedd, A., Tranquilla, L., Fifield, D., Burke, C., Regular, P., Davoren, G., Garthe, S., Robertson, G., Phillips, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Seabirds, Birds
Identifying ecologically important marine areas for seabirds using behavioural information in combination with distribution patterns Camphuysen, K., Shamoun-Baranes, J., Bouten, W., Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Seabirds, Birds
D2.2 Collation of Tidal Test Options McCombes, T., Iyer, A., Falchi, M., Elsäßer, B., Scheijgrond, P., Lawrence, J. Report Marine Energy, Tidal
D2.18 Tidal Data Analysis Best Practice Grant, A., McCombes, T., Johnstone, C. Report Marine Energy, Tidal
D2.1 Wave Instrumentation Database Lawrence, J., Holmes, B., Bryden, I., Magagna, D., Torre-Enciso, Y., Rousset, J., Smith, H., Paul, M., Margheritini, L., Candido, J. Report Marine Energy, Wave
Disruption to Benthic Habitats by Moorings of Wave Energy Installations: A Modelling Case Study and Implications for Overall Ecosystem Functioning Krivtsov, V., Linfoot, B. Journal Article Wave, Marine Energy Habitat Change Physical Environment, Ecosystem Processes
Localization of Southern Resident Killer Whales Using Two Star Arrays to Support Marine Renewable Energy Ren, H., Deng, Z., Carlson, T., Sun, Y., Fu, T., Martinez, J., Matzner, S., Myers, J. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Development of a Stereo Camera System for Monitoring Hydrokinetic Turbines Joslin, J., Polagye, B., Parker-Stetter, S. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Marine Mammals
The Biskay Marine Energy Platform (bimep), Environmental Impacts and Monitoring Plan Bald, J., Del Campo, A., Franco, J., Galparsoro, I., Gonzalez, M., Hernández, C., Liria, P., Menchaca, I., Muxika, I., Solaun, O., Uriarte, A., Uyarra, M. Conference Paper Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Understanding the Role of Stakeholders in the Wave Energy Consenting Process: Engagement and Sensitivities Simas, T., Muñoz-Arjona, E., Huertas, C., de Groot, J., Stokes, C., Bailey, I., Magagna, D., Conley, D., Greaves, D., Marina, D., Torre-Enciso, Y., Sundberg, J., O'Hagan, A., Holmes, B. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Impact of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) Array Operation on Nearshore Processes Neill, S., Iglesias, G. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
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