Bats

Mammals with webbed wings capable of true flight.

Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera that can be divided into major groups. Megachiroptera are medium to large-sized bats that typically eat fruit, pollen, or nectar, while some eat small land animals or fish. Microchiroptera are smaller bats that typically eat insects. Bats are the only mammals capable of true flight thanks to their membranous wings and are considered at risk from collision with both land-based and offshore wind turbines.

While little is known about bats’ abilities to avoid artificial structures, they have been observed avoiding offshore wind turbines by increasing their flight altitudes while foraging. However, artificial lighting may attract insects toward wind energy turbines, which may encourage bats to remain in the vicinity. Collision risk remains the most common concern regarding bats and land-based wind and offshore wind energy.

Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents Related to Bats

Total results: 1120
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Pre-Construction Impact Assessment of Wind Development on Bats: Grande Prairie Wind Project, Holt County, Nebraska Midwest Wind Energy, LLC. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
2012 Post-Construction Monitoring Study Criterion Wind Project Garrett County, Maryland Young, D., Nations, C., Lout, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds, Bats
Species distribution models and wind farm developments Carrete, M., Sanchez-Zapata, J., Benitez, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Bird and Bat Responses to Wind Energy Development in Iowa Gillespie, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Bats
A Quantitative Method to Analyze the Quality of EIA Information in Wind Energy Development and Avian/Bat Assessments Chang, T., Nielsen, E., Auberle, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds, Bats
Proceedings of the Wind-Wildlife Research Meeting IX PNWWRM IX Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Characterising the Impacts of Emerging Energy Development on Wildlife, with an Eye Towards Mitigation Northrup, J., Wittemyer, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Bats
Using Species Distribution Modelling to Predict Bat Fatality Risk at Wind Farms Santos, H., Rodrigues, L., Jones, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Bats
Bats Killed in Large Numbers at United States Wind Energy Facilities Hayes, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Noctule Bats and Wind Turbines Burrows, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Three Acoustic Monitoring Techniques for Landscape Level Bat Population Monitoring Whitby, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
The avian and wildlife costs of fossil fuels and nuclear power Sovacool, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision Birds, Bats
Assessment of bat and avian mortality at a pilot wind turbine at Coega, Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa Doty, A., Martin, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Regional Analysis of Wind Turbine-caused Bat and Bird Fatality: Final Report Drake, D., Schumacher, S., Sponsler, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Fly-and-Forage Strategy in the Bat Pipistrellus nathusii During Autumn Migration Suba, J., Petersons, G., Rydell, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Bat Fatalities at Wind Farms in North-Eastern Greece Georgiakakis, P., Kret, E., Carcamo, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Bats
Factors Influencing Bat Activity and Mortality at a Wind Farm in the Mediterranean Region Amorim, F., Rebelo, H., Rodrigues, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Seasonal Variation in Bat Activity in Relation to Detector Height: A Case Study Staton, T., Poulton, S. Journal Article Bats
Bird and Bat Collision Risks & Wind Energy Facilities Willmott, J., Allison Costello, E., Gordon, C. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Bat fatalities at two wind farms in Tasmania, Australia: bat characteristics, and spatial and temporal patterns Hull, C., Cawthen, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change Bats
A retrospective tiered Environmental Assessment of the Mount Storm Wind Energy Facility, West Virginia, USA Efroymson, R., Day, R., Strickland, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Bat Mortality at a Wind Power Facility in Central Canada Jameson, J., Willis, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Bat Mortalities at a Wind Energy Facility in North Dakota Bicknell, L., Gilliam, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Avian and Bat Protection Plan Including Bird and Bat Conservation Strategies and an Eagle Conservation Plan: New Era Wind Project Westwood Professional Services Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Searchlight Wind Energy Project Bird and Bat Conservation Strategy Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
An Update on the Status of Red Bats, Lasiurus blossevillii and Lasiurus borealis, in British Columbia Nagorsen, D., Paterson, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Wind development and wildlife mitigation in Wyoming: a primer Jakle, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Evidence of Late-Summer Mating Readiness and Early Sexual Maturation in Migratory Tree-Roosting Bats Found Dead at Wind Turbines Cryan, P., Jameson, J., Baerwald, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Guidelines for Reducing Impacts to Wildlife from Wind Energy Development in Arizona Arizona Game and Fish Department Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Hornsea Project 2 Environmental Impact Assessment SMart Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Variation in catchment areas of Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) hibernacula inferred from stable hydrogen isotope analysis Britzke, E., Loeb, S., Romanek, C. Journal Article Bats
Bat Mortality at a Wind-Energy Facility in Southeastern Wisconsin Grodsky, S., Jennelle, C., Drake, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Do you hear what I hear? Implications of detector selection for acoustic monitoring of bats Adams, A., Jantzen, M., Hamilton, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Bats
Hermosa West Wind Energy Project Draft EIS - Appendix F: Bat Acoustical Studies Taylor, K., Solick, D., Bay, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Bats
Baseline investigations of bats and birds at wind turbine test Centre Asterild Therkildsen, O., Elmeros, M., Kahlert, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
The Catchment Area of Wind Farms for European Bats: A Plea for International Regulations Voigt, C., Popa-Lisseanu, A., Niermann, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
The insectivorous bat Pipistrellus nathusii uses a mixed-fuel strategy to power autumn migration Voigt, C., Sorgel, K., Suba, J. Journal Article Bats
Final Cape Wind Avian and Bat Monitoring Plan ESS Group, Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
A Habitat-Based Wind-Wildlife Collision Model with Application to the Upper Great Plains Region Forcey, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Scavenger removal: Bird and bat carcass persistence in a tropical wind farm Villegas-Patraca, R., Macias-Sanchez, S., Macgregor-Fors, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
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