The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy – Final Islands Communities Impact Assessment | Scottish Government | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Advancing Offshore Wind Energy in the U.S | Christopher, T.; Davis, M.; Flemma, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
South Fork Wind Fisheries Research and Monitoring Plan | South Fork Wind; INSPIRE Environmental | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Integrating oceans into climate policy: Any green new deal needs a splash of blue | Dundas, S.; Levine, A.; Lewison, R.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy | ||
Satellite telemetry and digital aerial surveys show strong displacement of red-throated divers (Gavia stellata) from offshore wind farms | Heinänen, S.; Zydelis, R.; Kleinschmidt, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Stakeholder Benefits and Concerns | Emery, C.; Casali, L.; Severy, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts | ||
Parc Éolien en Mer de Saint Nazaire Banc de Guérande: Étude de l’état de référence halieutique | SINAY - Maritime Data Solutions | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Ontogenetic variation in the auditory sensitivity of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) and the implications of anthropogenic sound on behavior and communication | Stanley, J.; Caiger, P.; Phelan, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
The environmental impact from an offshore windfarm: Challenge and evaluation methodology based on an ecosystem approach | Pezy, J.; Raoux, A.; Dauvin, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes | ||
A comparative insight of Irish and Scottish regulatory frameworks for offshore wind energy – An expert perspective | O'Hanlon, Z.; Cummins, V. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Transposition of the directive establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning into the Polish legal order (main aspects and key solutions) | Bakowski, T.; Nawrot, J. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Integrating Wind Turbines and Fish Farms: An Evaluation of Potential Risks to Marine and Coastal Bird Species | Benjamins, S.; Masden, E.; Collu, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Capturing threshold responses of marine benthos along gradients of natural and anthropogenic change | Couce, E.; Engelhard, G.; Schratzberger, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Lost (and found) in Transition: Expert stakeholder insights on low-carbon energy transitions in Spain | Sorman, A.; Garcia-Muros, X.; Pizarro-Irizar, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Isotopic analyses, a good tool to validate models in the context of Marine Renewable Energy development and cumulative impacts | Raoux, A.; Pezy, J.; Ernande, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes | ||
Guidelines for Providing Avian Survey Information for Renewable Energy Development on the Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Guidance | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Ecosystems, Pelagic Species and Fishing | Negro, V.; del Campo, J.; Luengo Frades, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Displacement | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism | |
On the food-web ecology of offshore wind farms, the kingdom of suspension feeders | Mavraki, N. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Using Artificial-Reef Knowledge to Enhance the Ecological Function of Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations: Implications for Fish Abundance and Diversity | Glarou, M.; Zrust, M.; Svendsen, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish | |
Challenges and Recommendations for Environmental Compliance for Marine Renewable Energy: Avoiding Issues Early for Efficient Permitting and Practicable Mitigation | Courbis, S. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Highly Migratory Species Report 2020, Vineyard Wind | Kneebone, J.; Capizzano, C. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
Mapping of Benthic Habitats at Marine Renewable Energy Sites Using Multibeam Echosounder and Sediment Profile Imaging Technologies | Revelas, E.; Sackmann, B.; Maher, N.; et al. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Science in support of ecologically sound decommissioning strategies for offshore man-made structures: taking stock of current knowledge and considering future challenges | Birchenough, S.; Degraer, S. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Functional differences in trophic structure of offshore wind farm communities: A stable isotope study | Mavraki, N.; Degraer, S.; Moens, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Ecological best practice in decommissioning: a review of scientific research | Fortune, I.; Paterson, D. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Fish Assemblages Associated with a Newly Deployed Eco-Engineered Artificial Seawall in the Intercoastal Waters of Port Everglades | Cinti, O. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Tapping Renewable Energy Sources in Contemporary India: Issues and Challenges | Chandy, S. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Legal Limits on Recreational Fishing Near Offshore Wind Facilities | Webster, K.; Porter, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism | ||
Nature-Inclusive Design: A Catalogue for Offshore Wind Infrastructure | Hermans, A.; Bos, O.; Prusina, I. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Monitoring fisheries resources at offshore wind farms: BACI vs. BAG designs | Methratta, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
The 1982 Law of the Sea Convention and the regulation of offshore renewable energy activities within national jurisdiction | Jung, D. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Toward an Ecosystem Approach of Marine Renewable Energy: The Case of the Offshore Wind Farm of Courseulles-sur-Mer in the Bay of Seine | Niquil, N.; Raoux, A.; Haraldsson, M.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
The State of the Science on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy Development: Workshop Proceedings | Gulka, J.; Williams, K. | Workshop Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Seasonal Variations of Marine Environment and Primary Production in the Taiwan Strait | Tseng, H.; You, W.; Huang, W.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Water Quality | ||
Aligning marine spatial conservation priorities with functional connectivity across maritime jurisdictions | Maina, J.; Gamoyo, M.; Adams, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Boundary spanning among research and policy communities to address the emerging industrial revolution in the ocean | Posner, S.; Fenichel, E.; McCauley, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Analysis of United Kingdom offshore wind farm performance using public data: Improving the evidence base for policymaking | Aldersey-Williams, J.; Broadbent, I.; Strachan, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
The drawing of a national blue product space and its evolution | Qi, X.; Zhao, B.; Zhang, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Options for biodiversity enhancement in offshore wind farms | Bureau Waardenburg bv | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions | |
Investing in meshed offshore grids in the Baltic Sea: catching up with the regulatory gap | Bergaentzle, C.; Pade, L.; Larsen, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Early conservation benefits of a de facto marine protected area at San Clemente Island, California | Esgro, M.; Lindholm, J.; Nickols, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Offshore Renewable Energy Planning in French Law: towards an integrated process? | Boillet. N. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Empirical Evidence Inspiring Priority Monitoring, Research and Management | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Public perceptions of the marine environment and behavioral intentions to preserve it: The case of three coastal cities in Greece | Gkargkavouzi, A.; Paraskevopoulos, S.; Matsiori, S. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wave | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
International Law and Offshore Energy Production: Marine Environmental Protection through Normative Interactions | Giannopoulos, N. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Red-throated Diver Energetics Project: Preliminary Results from 2018/19 | Duckworth, J.; Green, J.; Daunt, F.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Developments in understanding of red-throated diver responses to offshore wind farms in marine Special Protection Areas | Allen, S.; Banks, A.; Caldow, R.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Waterfowl | ||
Refusal of planning consent for the Docking Shoal offshore wind farm: Stakeholder perspectives and lessons learned | Broadbent, I.; Nixon, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
From strategic marine planning to project licences – Striking a balance between predictability and adaptability in the management of aquaculture and offshore wind farms | Schütz, S.; Slater, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning |
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