Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Evaluation of Wind‐Energy Survey Protocols for Migrating Eagle Detection Chabot, E.; Slater, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance Raptors, Birds
Developing an efficient protocol for monitoring eagle fatalities at wind energy facilities Hallingstad, E.; Rabie, P.; Telander, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Collision and displacement vulnerability to offshore wind energy infrastructure among marine birds of the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf Kelsey, E.; Felis, J.; Czapanskiy, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds
Wind farms have cascading impacts on ecosystems across trophic levels Thaker, M.; Zambre, A.; Bhosale, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Predicting bird collisions with wind turbines: Comparison of the new empirical Flux Collision Model with the SOSS Band model Kleyheeg-Hartman, J.; Krijgsveld, K.; Collier, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
GenEst Statistical Models — A Generalized Estimator of Mortality Dalthorp, D.; Madsen, L.; Huso, M.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Behavioral accommodation of nesting hawks to wind turbines Watson, J.; Keren, I.; Davies, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Birds, Raptors
State of the World's Raptors: Distributions, Threats, and Conservation Recommendations McClure, C.; Westrip, J.; Johnson, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Nocturnal flight activity of northern gannets Morus bassanus and implications for modelling collision risk at offshore wind farms Furness, R.; Garthe, S.; Trinder, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Linking ecosystem services with epibenthic biodiversity change following installation of offshore wind farms Causon, P.; Gill, A. Journal Article Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Interim Guidance on apportioning impacts from marine renewable developments to breeding seabird populations in SPAs Scottish Natural Heritage Guidance Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Monitoring of the migration of birds through the territory of the Integrated System for Protection of Birds Аutumn 2018 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Use of an optical rangefinder to assess the reliability of seabird flight heights from boat‐based surveyors: implications for collision risk at offshore wind farms Harwood, A.; Perrow, M.; Berridge, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Seabirds, Birds
The auditory attributes of Golden Eagles: Do Golden (Aquila chrysaetos) and Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) share the same auditory space? Walsh, E.; Nelson, P.; Ponder, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds
Complex behaviour in complex terrain - Modelling bird migration in a high resolution wind field across mountainous terrain to simulate observed patterns Aurbach, A.; Schmid, B.; Liechti, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Birds, Passerines
Connectivity of larval stages of sedentary marine communities between hard substrates and offshore structures in the North Sea van der Molen, J.; García-García, L.; Whomersley, P.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2018 Khalil, M. Report Wind Energy Terrestrial Mammals, Fish, Birds, Bats
Assessing bird avoidance of high-contrast lights using a choice test approach: implications for reducing human-induced avian mortality Goller, B.; Blackwell, B.; DeVault, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Lighting Birds
The consequences of seabird habitat loss from offshore wind turbines: a research plan for five selected species van Kooten, T.; Soudijn, F.; Leopold, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Pilot field study: observations from a fixed platform on occurrence and behaviour of common guillemots and other seabirds in offshore wind farm Luchterduinen Leopold, M.; Verdaat, H. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Evaluating a Commercial-Ready Technology for Raptor Detection and Deterrence at a Wind Energy Facility in California Terrill, S.; Howell, J.; Smith, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Benthic production and energy export from man-made structures to softbottoms: does it matter? Dannheim, J.; Birchenough, S.; Beermann, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
Atlantic Deepwater Ecosystem Observatory Network (ADEON): An Integrated System for Long-Term Monitoring of Ecological and Human Factors on the Outer Continental Shelf Miksis-Olds, J.; Martin, B.; Warren, J.; et al. Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
An ecosystem approach for studying the impact of offshore wind farms: a French case study Pezy, J.; Raoux, A.; Dauvin, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Cumulative Adverse Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Wildlife [Thesis] Goodale, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
Evaluating habitat, prey, and mesopredator associations in a community of marine birds Goyert, H.; Gardner, B.; Veit, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Marine Energy Seabirds, Birds
Movement patterns of white‐tailed sea eagles near wind turbines Krone, O.; Treu, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Quantifying avian avoidance of offshore wind turbines: Current evidence and key knowledge gaps Cook, A.; Humphreys, E.; Bennet, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Assessing space use by pre-breeding white-tailed eagles in the context of wind-energy development in Finland Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Brommer, J.; Saurola, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Potential Interaction Analysis of Offshore Wind Energy Areas and Breeding Avian Species on the US Mid-Atlantic Coast Wisman, J.; Maxwell, S. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Seabirds, Birds
Appendix M-1 Biological Assessment for Project Icebreaker EDR, D.P.C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Golden Eagle Conservation Plan for the Ocotillo Wind Energy Facility Ocotillo Express Guidance Wind Energy Birds, Raptors
Automated monitoring for birds in flight: Proof of concept with eagles at a wind power facility McClure, C.; Marinson, L.; Allison, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Using network analysis to identify indicator species and reduce collision fatalities at wind farms Sebastian-Gonzalez, E.; Perez-Garcia, J.; Carrete, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Estimating Seabird Flight Height using LiDAR Cook, A.; Ward, R.; Hansen, W.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Seabirds, Birds
Icebreaker Wind Aerial Survey Waterbird Report Stucker, J.; Carlisle, J.; Pham, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Evaluating anthropogenic landscape alterations as wildlife hazards, with wind farms as an example Law, P.; Fuller, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
Zooplankton Community Responses and the Relation to Environmental Factors from Established Offshore Wind Farms within the Rudong Coastal Area of China Wang, T.; Yu, W.; Zou, X.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Water Quality, Physical Environment, Ecosystem Processes
Behaviour related flight speeds of Sandwich Terns and their implications for wind farm collision rate modelling and impact assessment Fijn, R.; Gyimesi, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Seabirds, Birds
Wind farms affect the occurrence, abundance and population trends of small passerine birds: The case of the Dupont's lark Gomez-Catasus, J.; Garza, V.; Traba, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Passerines, Birds
Modelling golden eagle habitat selection and flight activity in their home ranges for safer wind farm planning Tikkanen, H.; Rytkönen, S.; Karlin, O.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Improving estimation of flight altitude in wildlife telemetry studies Poessel, S.; Duerr, A.; Hall, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds
Resolving environmental effects of wind energy Sinclair, K.; Copping, A.; May, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Cape Vulture and Wind Farms: Guidelines for impact assessment, monitoring and mitigation Pfeiffer, M.; Ralston-Paton, S. Guidance Wind Energy Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Survey Results of Lease Area OCS-A 0512 Equinor Quarterly Report: February 2018 to April 2018 Jervis, L.; Warford, S.; Willmott, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Environmental Sensitivity and Associated Risk to Habitats and Species Offshore Central California and Hawaii from Offshore Floating Wind Technologies Morandi, A.; Berkman, S.; Rowe, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Fixed Point Raptor Migration Survey at the National Wind Technology Center: April 2010 Ryon, T.; Brenda, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Contributions of marine infrastructures to marine planning and protected area networking Shabtay, A.; Portman, M.; Carmel, Y. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions, Ecosystem Processes
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix Q: Avian and Bat Risk Assessment Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Seabirds
Potential biological removal of white-tailed eagles and its application to environmental impact assessment for wind farms in Japan Matsuda, H.; Tani, K.; Shimada, Y. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Shorebirds, Waterfowl

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