The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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International assessment of priority environmental issues for land-based and offshore wind energy development | Green, R.; Gill, E.; Hein, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Wealth of Wind and Visitors: Tourist Industry Attitudes towards Wind Energy Development in Iceland | Sæþórsdóttir, A.; Wendt, M.; Tverijonaite, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts | ||
CEDREN Final Report | Centre for Environmental Design of Renewable Energy | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Birds, Fish | ||
Design, production, and validation of the biological and structural performance of an ecologically engineered concrete block mattress: A Nature-Inclusive Design for shoreline and offshore construction | Sella, I.; Hadary, T.; Rella, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates | |
European offshore renewable energy, towards a sustainable future | Soukissian, T.; O’Hagan, A-M.; Azzellino, A.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data | |
Sonar for environmental monitoring of marine renewable energy technologies | Francisco, F. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Depth use and movements of homing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in Scottish coastal waters in relation to marine renewable energy development | Godfrey, J.; Stewart, D.; Middlemas, S.; et al. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of Offshore Wind and Marine Renewable Energy in Northern Ireland | Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Passerines, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts | |
Modelling potential visibility of wind turbines: A geospatial approach for planning and impact mitigation | Alphan, H. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
Annoyance of residents induced by wind turbine obstruction lights: A cross-country comparison of impact factors | Pohl, J.; Rudolph, D.; Lyhne, I.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Lighting | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Quantifying biodiversity trade-offs in the face of widespread renewable and unconventional energy development | Popescu, V.; Munshaw, R.; Shackelford, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Riverine, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Fish, Terrestrial Mammals | ||
Wind and Wildlife: Siting Issues and Challenges | Walker, R.; Swift, A. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Land-Based Wind | Terrestrial Mammals, Fish, Birds, Bats | ||
Other Environmental Issues of Wind Energy Development: Aesthetics, Cultural Resources, Land Use Compatibility, Water Resources, and Site Restoration | Walker, R.; Swift, A. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Land-Based Wind | Visual Impacts, Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions | ||
In the shadow of wind energy: Predicting community exposure and annoyance to wind turbine shadow flicker in the United States | Haac, R.; Darlow, R.; Kaliski, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
Wind energy and its link to sustainability in developing countries | Kabir, M.; Sree, N.; Khatod, K.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Visual Impacts | |
Communication Towers, Lights, and Birds: Successful Methods of Reducing the Frequency of Avian Collisions | Gehring, J.; Kerlinger, P.; Manville, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Lighting | Bats, Birds, Fish | |
Guidelines for Lighting and Marking of Structures Supporting Renewable Energy Development | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Guidance | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Lighting | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
The implications of landscape visual impact on future highly renewable power systems: a case study for Great Britain | Price, J.; Mainzer, K.; Petrovic, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Visual Impacts | ||
A glimpse into energy tourism via application of eye-tracking technology | Liu, D.; Upchurch, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts | ||
Visual impact evaluation of a wind park in a Greek island | Tsoutsos, T.; Tsouchlaraki, A.; Tsiropoulos, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
Windmill Noise Annoyance, Visual Aesthetics, and Attitudes towards Renewable Energy Sources | Klaeboe, R.; Sundfor, H. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Eyesores in sight: Quantifying the impact of man-made elements on the scenic beauty of Dutch landscapes | de Vries, S.; de Groot, M.; Boers, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
Scenic Perceptions of the Visual Effects of Wind Farms on South Australian Landscapes | Lothian, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
An immersive path-based study of wind turbines' landscape: A French case in Plouguin | Jallouli, J.; Moreau, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Visual preferences for wind turbines: Location, numbers and respondent characteristics | Molnarova, K.; Sklenicka, P.; Stiborek, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Changing wind-power landscapes: regional assessment of visual impact on land use and population in Northern Jutland, Denmark | Moller, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Spatial analyses of emerging and fading wind energy landscapes in Denmark | Moller, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
The impact of visual factors on noise annoyance among people living in the vicinity of wind turbines | Pedersen, E.; Larsman, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Public perspectives on reducing the environmental impact of onshore wind farms: a discrete choice experiment in South Korea | Lee, H.; Yoo, S.; Huh, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Mapping Environmental Considerations for Marine Spatial Planning in Wales: Methodology | Murray, L.; Bloomfield, H.; Skates, L. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | ||
Place attachment and preferences for wind energy – A value-based approach | Dugstad, A.; Grimsrud, K.; Kipperberg, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | ||
Wind turbines in tourism landscapes: Czech experience | Frantal, B.; Kunc, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summer 2016–Spring 2019 Seasonal Surveys Large Bony Fish and Fish Shoals Final Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Fish | ||
Wind Turbine Guidelines Advisory Committee Recommendations | US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish | ||
The Influence of Fisheries Exclusion and Addition of Hard Substrata on Fish and Crustaceans | Wilhelmsson, D.; Langhamer, O. | Book Chapter | Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Siting and Designing Wind Farms in the Landscape - Version 3 | Scottish Natural Heritage | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
A GIS-Multicriteria Approach to Analyzing Noise and Visual Impacts of Wind Farms | Fang, B. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Visual Impacts, Human Dimensions | |
U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2019 | Khalil, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Terrestrial Mammals | ||
Environmental Risk Evaluation System - An Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments | Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Chemicals, Changes in Flow, Avoidance, Attraction | Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds | |
Developing and Applying a GIS-Assisted Approach to Evaluate Visual Impact in Wind Farms | Molina-Ruiz, J.; Martínez-Sánchez, M.; Pérez-Sirvent, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
Not in my hiking trail? Acceptance of wind farms in the Austrian Alps | Brudermann, T.; Zaman, R.; Posch, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Social & Economic Data, Recreation & Tourism, Human Dimensions | ||
Wind farms in the Icelandic highlands: Attitudes of local residents and tourism service providers | Ólafsdóttir, R.; Sæþórsdóttir, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Habitat Change | Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism | |
Wind turbine audibility and noise annoyance in a national U.S. survey: Individual perception and influencing factors | Haac, T.; Kaliski, K.; Landis, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | |
Not in my back yard or not on my playground: Residents and tourists' attitudes towards wind turbines in Icelandic landscapes | Sæþórsdóttir, A.; Ólafsdóttir, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts | ||
Camera technology for monitoring marine biodiversity and human impact | Bicknell, A.; Godley, B.; Sheehan, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Invertebrates, Fish | ||
Implementing hedonic pricing models for valuing the visual impact of wind farms in Greece | Skenteris, K.; Mirasgedis, S.; Tourkolias, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
Wind farm repowering guided by visual impact criteria | Manchado, C.; Gomez-Jauregui, V.; Lizcano, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Visual Impacts, Human Dimensions | ||
Optimizing the visual impact of onshore wind farms upon the landscapes - Comparing recent planning approaches in China and Germany | Guan, J. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts | ||
A survey of the visual impact and community acceptance of wind farms in Australia | Lothian, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts |
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