The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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Environmental impacts from large-scale offshore renewable-energy deployment | Ouro, P.; Fernandez, R.; Armstrong, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Primary vs grey: A critical evaluation of literature sources used to assess the impacts of offshore wind farms | Szostek, C.; Edwards-Jones, A.; Beaumont, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
Larger wind turbines as a solution to reduce environmental impacts | Akhtar, N.; Geyer, B.; Schrum, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Overlap between the Mid-Atlantic Bight Cold Pool and offshore wind lease areas | Horwitz, R.; Miles, T.; Munroe, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Morphological Modelling to Investigate the Role of External Sediment Sources and Wind and Wave-Induced Flow on Sand Bank Sustainability: An Arklow Bank Case Study | Creane, S.; O'Shea, M.; Coughlan, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Spatiotemporal Variations of Ocean Upwelling and Downwelling Induced by Wind Wakes of Offshore Wind Farms | Liu, K.; Du, J.; Larsén, X.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Impact of wind farms on local land surface temperature in Qinghai Province, China | Zhang, X.; Wang, H.; Shang, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan for Commercial Lease OCS | Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind, LLC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
Sustainable wind energy planning through ecosystem service impact valuation and exergy: A study case in south-central Chile | MartĂnez-MartĂnez, Y.; Dewulf, J.; Aguayo, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Ocean Wind 1 Construction and Operations Plan | Ocean Wind 1 | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions | |
Effects of offshore wind farms on suspended particulate matter derived from satellite remote sensing | Brandao, I.; van der Molen, J.; van der Wal, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Increased food availability at offshore wind farms affects trophic ecology of plaice Pleuronectes platessa | Buyse, J.; Hostens, K.; Degraer, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment | |
Wind farms dry surface soil in temporal and spatial variation | Wang, G.; Li, G.; Liu, Z. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Insights from the management of offshore energy resources: Toward an ecosystem-services based management approach for deep-ocean industries | Bravo, M.; Brandt, M.; van der Grient, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Social & Economic Data | |
Potential Influence of Offshore Wind Farms on the Marine Stratification in the Waters Adjacent to China | Lian, Z.; Liu, K.; Yang, T. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Development and Dynamics of Sediment Waves in a Complex Morphological and Tidal Dominant System: Southern Irish Sea | Creane, S.; Coughlan, M.; O’Shea, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Low-Carbon, Nature-Inclusive Concrete Gravity-Based Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines | Fried, S.; Ozkan, D.; Halldén, K.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
Towards Holistic Characterization of the Near Seabed for Renewable Energy Installations in Shallow Marine Environments | Clementi, M.; Boiero, D.; Leone, C.; et al. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Unstated impacts of the green energy industry on the habitat of a coastal delphinid: Turbid-turbulent wakes induced by offshore wind turbine foundations | Huang, S-L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment | |
Impacts of accelerating deployment of offshore windfarms on near-surface climate | Akhtar, N.; Geyer, B.; Schrum, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Environmental Effects of U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Development: Compilation of Educational Research Briefs | SEER | Summary | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles | |
Can the development of offshore renewable energy projects and their shore connection have an effect on the evolution of the coastline? | Henry, S.; Cartier, A.; Duperrent, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Balancing future renewable energy infrastructure siting and associated habitat loss for migrating whooping cranes | Ellis, K.; Pearse, A.; Brandt, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Offshore wind farms contribute to epibenthic biodiversity in the North Sea | ter Hofstede, R.; Driessen, F.; Elzinga, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Environmental Compatibility of the Parc Tramuntana Offshore Wind Project in Relation to Marine Ecosystems | Diez-Caballero, K.; Troiteiro, S.; Garcia-Alba, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Unravelling the ecological impacts of large-scale offshore wind farms in the Mediterranean Sea | Lloret, J.; Turiel, A.; Solé, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Recreation & Tourism | |
Surface impacts of large offshore wind farms | Golbazi, M.; Archer, C.; Alessandrini, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
An Evaluation of Wind Turbine-Induced Topographic Change in the Offshore Intertidal Sandbank Using Remote Sensing-Constructed Digital Elevation Model Data | Zhang, D.; Zhang, H.; Zhou, Y.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Anthropogenic Mixing in Seasonally Stratified Shelf Seas by Offshore Wind Farm Infrastructure | Dorrell, R.; Lloyd, C.; Lincoln, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
The reef effect induced by wind farms and their grid connection | Couturier, L.; Lecaillon, G.; Lenfant, P.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment | |
Climate change effects on the ecophysiology and ecological functioning of an offshore wind farm artificial hard substrate community | Voet, H.; van Colen, C.; Vanaverbeke, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Climate Change | |
The Irish Sea bed load parting zone: Is it a mid-sea hydrodynamic phenomenon or a geological theoretical concept? | Creane, S.; O'Shea, M.; Coughlan, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
A new seabed mobility index for the Irish Sea: Modelling seabed shear stress and classifying sediment mobilisation to help predict erosion, deposition, and sediment distribution | Coughlan, M.; Guerrini, M.; Creane, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
Land-Based Wind Energy Siting: A Foundational and Technical Resource | Christol, C.; Oteri, F.; Laurienti, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts | |
Environmental Stratification Workgroup Report for the State of the Science Workshop on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy 2020: Cumulative Impacts | Carpenter, J.; Williams, K.; Jenkins, E. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Offshore Wind Energy and the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool: A Review of Potential Interactions | Miles, T.; Murphy, S.; Kohut, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Environmental Assessment of the Impacts and Benefits of a Salinity Gradient Energy Pilot Plant | Marin-Coria, E.; Silva, R.; Enriquez, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Salinity Gradient | Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Accelerating deployment of offshore wind energy alter wind climate and reduce future power generation potentials | Akhtar, N.; Geyer, B.; Rockel, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
Offshore Wind Farm Footprint on Organic and Mineral Particle Flux to the Bottom | Ivanov, E.; Capet, A.; Borger, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
State of the Science Workshop on Offshore Wind and Wildlife 2020: Cumulative Impacts | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Presentation | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles | |
The Expected Impact of Marine Energy Farms Operating in Island Environments with Mild Wave Energy Resources - A Case Study in the Mediterranean Sea | Rusu, L.; Onea, F.; Rusu, E. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
A critical review on environmental impacts of renewable energy systems and mitigation strategies: Wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal | Sayad, E. ; Wilberforce, T.; Elsaid, K.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | Attraction, Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions | |
An Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Extracting Marine Renewable Energy in the Coastal Environment of the Black Sea | Zburlea, L.; Rusu, E. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | |
Multi-Disciplinary and Multi-Scale Assessment of Marine Renewable Energy Structure in a Tidal System | Raoux, A.; Robin, I.; Pezy, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates | |
Scour Protections for Offshore Foundations of Marine Energy Harvesting Technologies: A Review | Fazeres-Ferradosa, T.; Chambel, J.; Taveira-Pinto, F.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Physical Environment | |
Integrating Social and Ecological Research on the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in North America | ten Brink, T.; Dalton, T.; Livermore, J. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data | |
Observations and Simulations of a Wind Farm Modifying a Thunderstorm Outflow Boundary | Tomaszewski, J.; Lundquist, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment | |
The Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on Hydrodynamics and Implications for Fishes | van Berkel, J.; Burchard, H.; Christensen, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow | Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Fish | |
Could federal wind farms influence continental shelf oceanography and alter associated ecological processes? A literature review. | Miles, T.; Murphy, S.; Kohut, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment | |
Guidance document on wind energy developments and EU nature legislation | European Commission | Guidance | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment |
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