The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Impact-Producing Factors in the Offshore Wind Cumulative Impacts Scenario on the South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Fisheries, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
Faring well in offshore wind power siting? Trust, engagement and process fairness in the United States | Firestone, J.; Hirt, C.; Bidwell, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Legal Limits on Recreational Fishing Near Offshore Wind Facilities | Webster, K.; Porter, R. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism | ||
Nature-Inclusive Design: A Catalogue for Offshore Wind Infrastructure | Hermans, A.; Bos, O.; Prusina, I. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Monitoring fisheries resources at offshore wind farms: BACI vs. BAG designs | Methratta, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
The 1982 Law of the Sea Convention and the regulation of offshore renewable energy activities within national jurisdiction | Jung, D. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Strategic Plan to Protect California’s Coast and Ocean 2020–2025 | Crowfoot, W.; Blumenfeld, J.; Yee, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Fish, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Aligning marine spatial conservation priorities with functional connectivity across maritime jurisdictions | Maina, J.; Gamoyo, M.; Adams, V.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Boundary spanning among research and policy communities to address the emerging industrial revolution in the ocean | Posner, S.; Fenichel, E.; McCauley, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Understanding community acceptance of a potential offshore wind energy project in different locations: An island-based analysis of ‘place-technology fit’ | Devine-Wright, P.; Wiersma, B. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Analysis of United Kingdom offshore wind farm performance using public data: Improving the evidence base for policymaking | Aldersey-Williams, J.; Broadbent, I.; Strachan, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
The drawing of a national blue product space and its evolution | Qi, X.; Zhao, B.; Zhang, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Investing in meshed offshore grids in the Baltic Sea: catching up with the regulatory gap | Bergaentzle, C.; Pade, L.; Larsen, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Offshore Renewable Energy Planning in French Law: towards an integrated process? | Boillet. N. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Public Participation in Decision-making on Wind Energy Infrastructure: Rethinking the Legal Approach Beyond Public Acceptance | Armeni, C. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
International Law and Offshore Energy Production: Marine Environmental Protection through Normative Interactions | Giannopoulos, N. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Building Marine Reserve Networks to Fit Multiple Needs: An Introduction to Marine Spatial Planning Using SeaSketch | Gosnell, J.; McClintock, W.; Lee, M. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Exploring an incremental pathway to the development of multi-use exploitation within offshore wind farms | Lobregt, M. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Red-throated Diver Energetics Project: Preliminary Results from 2018/19 | Duckworth, J.; Green, J.; Daunt, F.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Displacement | Birds, Waterfowl | |
Emergency preparedness and response: Insights from the emerging offshore wind industry | Pedersen, S.; Ahsan, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Developments in understanding of red-throated diver responses to offshore wind farms in marine Special Protection Areas | Allen, S.; Banks, A.; Caldow, R.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Waterfowl | ||
Refusal of planning consent for the Docking Shoal offshore wind farm: Stakeholder perspectives and lessons learned | Broadbent, I.; Nixon, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
From strategic marine planning to project licences – Striking a balance between predictability and adaptability in the management of aquaculture and offshore wind farms | Schütz, S.; Slater, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
A Right Way, Wrong Way and Better Way for Energy Engineers to Work with Aboriginal Communities | Duff, A.; Hanchant-Nichols, D.; Bown, B.; et al. | Book Chapter | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
ScotMER and MREF MASTS Workshop Report | Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland | Workshop Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Moray East Pre-Construction Survey Campaign Summary Report | Moray Offshore Wind Farm (East) Limited | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Perceptions of Offshore Wind Farms and Community Development: Case Study of Fangyuan Township, Chunghua County, Taiwan | Lin, K-J.; Hsu, C-P.; Liu, H-Y. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
Development of cumulative impact assessment guidelines for offshore wind farms and evaluation of use in project making | Durning, B.; Broderick, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Europe, China and the United States: Three different approaches to the development of offshore wind energy | deCastro, M.; Salvador, S.; Gomez-Gesteira, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
The post-normal politics and science of wind power planning: Evidence from a Danish near-shore wind farm tender | Johansen, K.; Upham, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Assessment of Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Facilities on the Marine Environment | Müller, A.; Juretzek, C.; Boethling, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy | |
PHAROS4MPAs: A Review of Solutions to Avoid and Mitigate Environmental Impacts of Offshore Windfarms | Defingou, M.; Bils, F.; Horchler, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Guidelines for Information Requirements for a Renewable Energy Site Assessment Plan (SAP) | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs | Guidance | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Why does the offshore wind industry need standardized HSE management systems? An evidence from Denmark | Ahsan, D.; Pederson, S.; Nielsen, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
The integrated offshore grid in Europe: Exploring challenges for regional energy governance | Dedecca, J.; Hakvoort, R.; Herder, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Challenges of decommissioning offshore wind farms: Overview of the European experience | Topham, E.; Gonzalez, E.; McMillan, D.; et al. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Hornsea Project Two Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Programme | Ørsted | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Renewable energy from the high seas: Geo-spatial modelling of resource potential and legal implications for developing offshore wind projects beyond the national jurisdiction of coastal States | Elsner, P.; Suarez, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector | WWF France | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Offshore Wind Energy Sector | WWF France | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Benthic Conservation Features and Species Associated With Subsea Pipelines: Considerations for Decommissioning | Rouse, S.; Lacey, N.; Hayes, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Stakeholder Perspectives on the Value of Marine Spatial Planning Towards Advancing Offshore Wind in the U.S. | Ryan, K.; Bates, A.; Gopnik, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Stakeholder Engagement, Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions | ||
Underwater noise abatement: Economic factors and policy options | Merchant, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
The politics of Estonia's offshore wind energy programme: Discourse, power and marine spatial planning | Tafon, R.; Howarth, D.; Griggs, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Chains of trust: Energy justice, public engagement, and the first offshore wind farm in the United States | Dwyer, J.; Bidwell, D. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
An Overview of Offshore Wind Energy Resources in Europe Under Present and Future Climate | deCastro, M.; Costoya, X.; Salvador, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy | ||
Nonmarket Valuation of Marine Resources in the Northeast: Implications for Recreational Fisheries Management and Offshore Wind Energy Development | Carr-Harris, A. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | ||
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Marking a Decade of Monitoring, Research and Innovation | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
North East Scotland Salmon and Sea Trout Tracking Array: Interim Report | River Dee Trust; Marine Scotland Science | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
Resolving Conflicts Between Endangered Species Conservation and Renewable Energy Siting: Wiggle Room for Renewables? | Badichek, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy |
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