Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Global Review on Environmental Impacts of Onshore Wind Energy in the Field of Tension between Human Societies and Natural Systems Sander, L.; Jung, C.; Schindler, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Global Review on Environmental Impacts of Onshore Wind Energy and Their Implications for Forest Ecosystems Sander, L.; Jung, C.; Schindler, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Assessing the Ecological and Social Impact of Wind Farms: A Comprehensive Study Rottbers, A. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Grand Challenges Revisited: Wind Energy Research Needs for a Global Energy Transition Veers, P.; Dykes, K.; Baranowski, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Noise Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Incidental eagle carcass detection can contribute to fatality estimation at operating wind energy facilities Hallingstad, E.; Riser-Espinoza, D.; Brown, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions
EolPop, a R-shiny tool for quantifying the demographic impact of species exposed to fatalities: Application to bird collisions with wind turbines Chambert, T.; Duriez, O.; Deleaux, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Post-construction Bird and Bat Fatality Monitoring for Onshore Wind Energy Facilities in Emerging Market Countries: Good Practice Handbook and Decision Support Tool International Finance Corporation Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions
Protecting avian wildlife for wind farm siting: The Screening Tool Proof of Concept Salkanovic, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions
First assessment on the influence of wind farms and high-voltage networks on ruddy-headed goose Chloephaga rubidiceps migration in Patagonia, Argentina Pedrana, J.; Gorosábel, A.; Pütz, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Effects of land-based wind turbine upsizing on community sound levels and power and energy density Hoen, B.; Darlow, R.; Haac, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
Wind energy and noise: Forecasting the future sounds of wind energy projects and facilitating Dutch community participation Solman, H.; Kirkegaard, J.; Kloppenburg, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Social & Economic Data
EU Species Protection Law and Wind Energy: Current Challenges and Danish Experiences Anker, H.; Olsen, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Climate Change
Understanding subjective and situational factors of wind turbine noise annoyance Müller, F.; Leschinger, V.; Hübner, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Reconciling climate action with the need for biodiversity protection, restoration and rehabilitation Gorman, C.; Torsney, A.; Gaughran, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy
Noise pollution from wind turbines and its effects on wildlife: A cross-national analysis of current policies and planning regulations Teff-Seker, Y.; Berger-Tal, O.; Lehnardt, Y.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
National-scale impacts on wind energy production under curtailment scenarios to reduce bat fatalities Maclaurin, G.; Hein, C.; Williams, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Curtailment as a successful method for reducing bat mortality at a southern Australian wind farm Bennett, E.; Florent, S.; Venosta, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Monitoring of Spring Bird Migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2022 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Flight characteristics forecast entry by eagles into rotor-swept zones of wind turbines Rolek, B.; Braham, M.; Miller, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Human–Wildlife Conflicts across Landscapes—General Applicability vs. Case Specificity Göttert, T.; Starik, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions
Automated Classification of Bat Echolocation Call Recordings with Artificial Intelligence Tabak, M.; Murray, K.; Reed, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions
How far do noise concerns travel? Exploring how familiarity and justice shape noise expectations and social acceptance of planned wind energy projects Dällenbach, N.; Wüstenhagen, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Social & Economic Data
Wind Farms and Power Lines Have Negative Effects on Territory Occupancy in Eurasian Eagle Owls (Bubo bubo) Husby, M.; Pearson, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Noise Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Measuring and visualizing environmental and social impacts of wind energy projects Pian, A.; Verhoef, J.; De Vries, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2021-2022 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Better utilisation and transparency of bird data collected by powerline companies Kettel, E.; Thaxter, C.; Oppel, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Drivers of change in mountain and upland bird populations in Europe Alba, R.; Kasoar, T.; Chamberlain, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors, Waterfowl
Timing and Weather Offer Alternative Mitigation Strategies for Lowering Bat Mortality at Wind Energy Facilities in Ontario Squires, K.; Thurber, B.; Zimmerling, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Benchmark characterisation and automated detection of wind farm noise amplitude modulation Nguyen, P.; Hansen, K.; Lechat, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
Land suitability assessment for wind farms through best-worst method and GIS in Balıkesir province of Turkey Tercan, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Stakeholder Engagement
Strategic Environmental Assessment in the Application of Preventive Protection for Wind Farm Noise—Case Study: Maestrale Ring Wind Farm Josimović, B.; Cvjetić, A.; Manić, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
Long-term quantification and characterisation of wind farm noise amplitude modulation Nguyen, P.; Hansen, K.; Catcheside, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
Life-cycle impacts of wind energy development on bird diversity in Norway May, R.; Jackson, C.; Middel, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Land-Based Wind Energy Siting: A Foundational and Technical Resource Christol, C.; Oteri, F.; Laurienti, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement, Visual Impacts
Is setback distance the best criteria for siting wind turbines under crowded conditions? An empirical analysis Peri, E.; Tal, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Lighting, Noise Human Dimensions
A pathway for citizen science data to inform policy: A case study using eBird data for defining low-risk collision areas for wind energy development Ruiz-Gutierrez, V.; Bjerre, E.; Otto, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The clash between biodiversity protection and renewable energy development in the European Union with reference to the Habitats and the Birds Directive s Aikaterini, N. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2020-2021 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Environmental Impact of Solar and Wind energy- A Review Hamed, T.; Alshare, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values Copping, A.; Gorton, A.; May, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Paint it black: Efficacy of increased wind turbine rotor blade visibility to reduce avian fatalities May, R.; Nygård, T.; Falkdalen, U.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Waterfowl
Unpacking the eagle collision risk model: practical guidance for wind energy Evans, M.; Sporer, M.; Erickson, W.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Public perspectives on reducing the environmental impact of onshore wind farms: a discrete choice experiment in South Korea Lee, H.; Yoo, S.; Huh, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds in Winter 2019-2020 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Preliminary Results: Exploring Why Some Families Living in Proximity to Wind Turbine Facilities Contemplate Vacating Their Homes—A Community-Based Study Krogh, C.; McMurtry, R.; Dumbrille, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Justice, Social & Economic Data
Monitoring annoyance and stress effects of wind turbines on nearby residents Hübner, G.; Pohl, J.; Hoen, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
Wind turbine audibility and noise annoyance in a national U.S. survey: Individual perception and influencing factors Haac, T.; Kaliski, K.; Landis, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2018-2019 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Review of Raptor Sections of the Bluestone Wind Avian Risk Assessment Miller, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
A procedure for deriving wind turbine noise limits by taking into account annoyance Fredianelli, L.; Carpita, S.; Licitra, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions

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