The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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The use of seal scarers as a protective mitigation measure can induce hearing impairment in harbour porpoises | Schaffeld, T.; Ruser, A.; Woelfing, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Refusal of planning consent for the Docking Shoal offshore wind farm: Stakeholder perspectives and lessons learned | Broadbent, I.; Nixon, C. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
From strategic marine planning to project licences – Striking a balance between predictability and adaptability in the management of aquaculture and offshore wind farms | Schütz, S.; Slater, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Adaptive surface distortions for torque ripple control in vertical-axis wind turbines | Erfort, G.; von Backström, T.; Venter, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment for Onshore Windfarm Siting in Greece | Vagiona, D.; Karapangiotiduou, X. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Development of cumulative impact assessment guidelines for offshore wind farms and evaluation of use in project making | Durning, B.; Broderick, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Effect of Pile-Driving Playback Sound Level on Fish-Catching Efficiency in Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) | Kastelein, R.; Huijser, L.; Cornelisse, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
The Dynamic Ocean: Offshore Wind Energy and Other Activities in the New York Bight | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Navigation | |
Present Status and Challenges for the Interaction between Offshore Wind Farms and Maritime Navigation in the Taiwan Strait | Chen, J.; Claramunt, C.; Saux, E.; et al. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Navigation | ||
The post-normal politics and science of wind power planning: Evidence from a Danish near-shore wind farm tender | Johansen, K.; Upham, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Europe, China and the United States: Three different approaches to the development of offshore wind energy | deCastro, M.; Salvador, S.; Gomez-Gesteira, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Harbour porpoise responses to pile-driving diminish over time | Graham, I.; Merchant, N.; Farcas, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
A path planning approach based on multi-direction A* algorithm for ships navigating within wind farm waters | Xie, L.; Xue, S.; Zhang, J.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Navigation, Human Dimensions | ||
Guidelines for Information Requirements for a Renewable Energy Site Assessment Plan (SAP) | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs | Guidance | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Effects of noise-mitigated offshore pile driving on harbour porpoise abundance in the German Bight 2014-2016 (Gescha 2) | Rose, A.; Brandt, M.; Vilela, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
The integrated offshore grid in Europe: Exploring challenges for regional energy governance | Dedecca, J.; Hakvoort, R.; Herder, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Why does the offshore wind industry need standardized HSE management systems? An evidence from Denmark | Ahsan, D.; Pederson, S.; Nielsen, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Effect of impact pile driving noise on marine mammals: A comparison of different noise exposure criteria | Stober, U.; Thomsen, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Challenges of decommissioning offshore wind farms: Overview of the European experience | Topham, E.; Gonzalez, E.; McMillan, D.; et al. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | ||
Vitamine ENA: A framework for the development of ecosystem-based indicators for decision makers | Safi, G.; Giebels, D.; Arroyo, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Minimizing wildlife impacts for offshore wind energy development: Winning tradeoffs for seabirds in space and cetaceans in time | Best, B.; Halpin, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix P2: Animal Exposure Modelling | Denes, S.; Weirathmueller, M.; Zeddies, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Hornsea Project Two Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Programme | Ørsted | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Synthesizing expert opinion to assess the at-sea risks to seabirds in the western North Atlantic | Lieske, D.; Tranquilla, L.; Ronconi, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Offshore Wind Energy Sector | WWF France | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
Feeding home ranges of pacific coast feeding group gray whales | Lagerquist, B.; Palacios, D.; Winsor, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Impact of pile-driving on Hector's dolphin in Lyttelton Harbour, New Zealand | Leunissen, E.; Rayment, W.; Dawson, S. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Renewable energy from the high seas: Geo-spatial modelling of resource potential and legal implications for developing offshore wind projects beyond the national jurisdiction of coastal States | Elsner, P.; Suarez, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions | ||
Benthic Conservation Features and Species Associated With Subsea Pipelines: Considerations for Decommissioning | Rouse, S.; Lacey, N.; Hayes, P.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction | Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Best Management Practices for North Atlantic Right Whales During Offshore Wind Energy Construction and Operations Along the U.S. East Coast | Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Consideration of scales in offshore wind environmental impact assessments | Ryan, K.; Danylchuk, A.; Jordaan, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Soundscape of an Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) hotspot before windfarm construction in the Pearl River Estuary, China: Do dolphin engage in noise avoidance and passive eavesdropping behavior? | Wang, Z.; Akamatsu, T.; Nowacek, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Underwater noise abatement: Economic factors and policy options | Merchant, N. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy | |
Improving understanding of bottlenose dolphin movements along the east coast of Scotland (Interim Report 2019) | Arso Civil, M.; Louis, M.; Hague, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Marking a Decade of Monitoring, Research and Innovation | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Chemicals, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
Retrospective and Outlook for an Environmentally Sound Development of Offshore Wind Energy | Lüdeke, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Resolving Conflicts Between Endangered Species Conservation and Renewable Energy Siting: Wiggle Room for Renewables? | Badichek, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy | ||
The politics of Estonia's offshore wind energy programme: Discourse, power and marine spatial planning | Tafon, R.; Howarth, D.; Griggs, S. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | ||
An Overview of Offshore Wind Energy Resources in Europe Under Present and Future Climate | deCastro, M.; Costoya, X.; Salvador, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Legal & Policy |
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