Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Evaluating Threats in Multinational Marine Ecosystems: A Coast Salish First Nations and Tribal Perspective Gaydos, J.; Thixton, S.; Donatuto, J. Journal Article Chemicals, Collision, Noise Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data
Impact of wind facilities on bats in the Neotropics Rodríguez-Durán, A.; Feliciano-Robles, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Bats
Surface Texture Differentiation Using Synthetic Bat Echolocation Calls: Implications for Reducing Bat Fatalities at Wind Turbines Yuen, B. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction Bats
Wind Turbines as Overwintering Sites Attractive to an Invasive Lady Beetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Dudek, K.; Dudek, M.; Tryjanowski, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction
Direct Mortality of Birds from Anthropogenic Causes Loss, S.; Will, T.; Marra, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
An Italian Proposal on the Monitoring of Underwater Noise: Relationship Between the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) and Marine Spatial Planning Directive (MSP) Maccarrone, V.; Filiciotto, F.; de Vincenzi, G.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Sound Science: Maintaining Numerical and Statistical Standards in the Pursuit of Noise Exposure Criteria for Marine Mammals Wright, A. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Evolution of Marine Noise Pollution Management Dolman, S.; Jasny, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Noise and Vibration Issues of Wind Turbines and Their Impact – A Review Saavedra, R.; Samanta, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change, Noise
Marine Licence Hywind Scotland Pilot Park The Scottish Government; Marine Scotland Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Sensitivity of the Mussel Mytilus edulis to Substrate-Borne Vibration in Relation to Anthropogenically Generated Noise Roberts, L.; Cheesman, S.; Breithaupt, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Noise Invertebrates
Acoustic stress responses in juvenile sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax induced by offshore pile driving Debusschere, E.; Hostens, K.; Adriaens, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Right whale occurrence in the coastal waters of Virginia, U.S.A.: Endangered species presence in a rapidly developing energy market Salisbury, D.; Clark, C.; Rice, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
North Atlantic right whale occurrence near wind energy areas along the mid-Atlantic US coast: implications for management Hodge, K.; Muirhead, C.; Morano, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Pink-footed goose anthropogenic mortality review: avoidance rate review WWT Consulting Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Birds, Waterfowl
The use of Acoustic Deterrents for the mitigation of injury to marine mammals during pile driving for offshore wind farm construction Sparling, C.; Sams, C.; Stephenson, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Noise Marine Mammals
Impacts of Anthropogenic Noise on Marine Life: Publication Patterns, New Discoveries, and Future Directions in Research and Management Williams, R.; Wright, A.; Ashe, E.; et al. Journal Article Noise Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish
A Unifying Framework for the Underlying Mechanisms of Avian Avoidance of Wind Turbines May, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Avoidance Birds
Noise in the Sea and Its Impacts on Marine Organisms Peng, C.; Zhao, X.; Liu, G. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals, Fish
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Marine Mammals: A Review of Temporary Threshold Shift Studies from 1996 to 2015 Finneran, J. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Marine Renewable Energy Converters and Biofouling: A Review on Impacts and Prevention Titah-Benbouzid, H.; Benbouzid, M. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Continuation Implementation Masterplan Wind at Sea Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate (Rijksoverheid); Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment (Rijkswaterstaat) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise
How anthropogenic noise affects foraging Luo, J.; Siemers, B.; Koselj, K. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Bats
Effect of exposure duration to pile driving sounds on temporary hearing threshold shift in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Kastelein, R.; Hoek, L.; Covi, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Towards a Numerical Model to Simulate the Observed Displacement of Harbour Porpoises Phocoena phocoena Due to Pile Driving in Belgian Waters Haelters, J.; Duliere, V.; Vigin, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Displacement Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Impacts of Wind Energy on Environment: A Review Wang, S.; Wang, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats, Birds
Hearing Thresholds of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) for Playbacks of Seal Scarer Signals, and Effects of the Signals on Behavior Kastelein, R.; Helder-Hoek, L.; Gransier, R.; et al. Journal Article Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Developing an Avian Collision Risk Model to Incorporate Variability and Uncertainty Masden, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Hearing Thresholds of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) for Playbacks of Seal Scarer Signals, and Effects of the Signals on Behavior Kastelein, R.; Hoek, L.; Gransier, R.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Seabird Avoidance and Attraction at an Offshore Wind Farm in the Belgian Part of the North Sea Vanermen, N.; Onkelinx, T.; Courtens, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Avoidance, Attraction Seabirds, Birds
Succession and Seasonal Dynamics of the Epifauna Community on Offshore Wind Farm Foundations and their Role as Stepping Stones for Non-Indigenous Species De Mesel, I.; Kerckhof, F.; Norro, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
An Analytical Model for the Underwater Sound Pressure Waveforms Radiated when an Offshore Pile is Driven Hall, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Impulsive Sounds Change European Seabass Swimming Patterns: Influence of Pulse Repetition Interval Neo, Y.; Ufkes, E.; Kastelein, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
Feasibility of Predictive Mapping of Marine Growth Miller, R.; Macleod, A. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates
Mobile Autonomous Platforms for Passive-Acoustic Monitoring of High-frequency Klinck, H.; Fregosi, S.; Matsumoto, H.; et al. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Hearing thresholds of a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) for narrow-band sweeps (0.125-150 kHz) Kastelein, R.; Schop, J.; Hoek, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
MR8.1 Tests of Acoustic Signals for Aversive Sound Mitigation with Harbour Seals Gordon, J.; Blight, C.; Bryant, E.; et al. Report Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
A Computational Method to Predict and Study Underwater Noise due to Pile Driving Schecklman, S.; Laws, N.; Zurk, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Bird Movements at Rotor Heights Measured Continuously with Vertical Radar at a Dutch Offshore Wind Farm Fijn, R.; Krijgsveld, K.; Poot, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Seabirds, Passerines, Birds
An interim framework for assessing the population consequences of disturbance King, S.; Schick, R.; Donovan, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Soundscape Analysis and Wildlife Presence in the Vicinity of a Wind Turbine Florentin, J.; Fauville, B.; Gerard, M.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Noise Impact - Wind Farms in Quebec Meunier, M.; Savard, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise
Where the Decibels Hit the Water: Perspectives on the Application of Science to Real-World Underwater Noise and Marine Protected Species Issues Scholik-Schlomer, A. Magazine Article Noise
SORIANT VUM - final report von Benda-Beckmann, A.; de Jong, C.; Binnerts, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Tradeoff Analysis of Energy Harvesting and Noise Emission for Distributed Wind Turbines Shaltout, M.; Yan, Z.; Palejiya, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise
Curtailing Wind Turbine Operations to Reduce Avian Mortality Singh, K.; Baker, E.; Lackner, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Avoidance Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Sound Exposure in Harbour Seals During the Installation of an Offshore Wind Farm: Predictions of Auditory Damage Hastie, G.; Russell, D.; McConnell, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
A strategic regional Marine Mammal Monitoring Programme for assessing the population consequences of constructing the BOWL and MORL Wind Farm Developments Thompson, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Marine Mammals
Environmental and Ecological Impacts of Wind Energy on Humans: Public Health Issues Walker, R.; Swift, A. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Lighting, Noise Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
How effectively do horizontal and vertical response strategies of long-finned pilot whales reduce sound exposure from naval sonar? Wensveen, P.; von Benda-Beckmann, A.; Ainslie, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds

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