Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Resolving Fine-Scale Spatio-Temporal Dynamics in the Harbour Porpoise Phocoena phocoena Skov, H.; Thomsen, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Measurement of Wind Turbine Construction Noise at Horns Rev II Betke, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Underwater Detection of Tonal Signals Between 0.125 and 100 kHz by Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) Kastelein, R.; Wensveen, P.; Hoek, L.; et al. Journal Article Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
On The Influence Of Large Wind Farms On The Upper Ocean Circulation Broström, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Characterizing the Relative Contributions of Large Vessels to Total Ocean Noise Fields: A Case Study Using the Gerry E. Studds Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Hatch, L.; Clark, C.; Merrick, R.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Endangered Fish and Wildlife; Final Rule To Implement Speed Restrictions to Reduce the Threat of Ship Collisions With North Atlantic Right Whales National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Guidance Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Whale Entanglements With Submarine Telecommunication Cables Wood, M.; Carter, L. Journal Article Marine Energy Entanglement Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
The Influence of 70 and 120 kHz Tonal Signals on the Behavior of Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in a Floating Pen Kastelein, R.; Verboom, W.; Jennings, N.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) static acoustic monitoring: laboratory detection thresholds of T-PODs are reflected in field sensitivity Kyhn, L.; Tougaard, J.; Teilmann, J.; et al. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Compatibility of Magnetic Imprinting and Secular Variation Putman, N.; Lohmann, K. Journal Article EMF Fish, Demersal Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Underwater Radiated Noise Due to the Piling for the Q7 Offshore Wind Park de Jong, C.; Ainslie, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Methodologies for measuring and assessing potential changes in marine mammal behaviour, abundance or distribution arising from the construction, operation and decommissioning of offshore windfarms Diederichs, A.; Nehls, G.; Adler, S.; et al. Book Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Ocean Noise: Turn it down - A report on ocean noise pollution McKenna, C.; International Fund for Animal Welfare Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
The Effects of Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammals Boyd, I.; Brownell, B.; Cato, D.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Implications for Marine Mammals of Large-Scale Changes in the Marine Acoustic Environment Tyack, P. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals
Sediment Transport Patterns at Trafalgar Offshore Windfarm Besio, G.; Losada, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Sediment Transport, Physical Environment
Too loud to talk?: Do wind turbine-related sounds affect harbour seal communication? Lucke, K.; Sundermeyer, J.; Driver, J.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Gross and Histologic Evidence of Sharp and Blunt Trauma in North Atlantic Right Whales (Eubalaena glacialis) Killed by Vessels Campbell-Malone, R.; Barco, S.; Daoust, P.; et al. Journal Article Collision Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Ecological Risk as a Tool for Evaluating the Effects of Offshore Wind Farm Construction in the North Sea Nunneri, C.; Lenhart, J.; Burkhard, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Water Quality
Offshore Wind Farms and Marine Mammals: Impacts and Methodologies for Assessing Impacts Evans, P. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Did the Pile Driving during the Construction of the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Impact Porpoises? Leopold, M.; Camphuysen, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Investigations of the Bird Collision Risk and the Responses of Harbour Porpoises in the Offshore Wind Farms Horns Rev, North Sea, and Nysted, Baltic Sea, in Denmark - Part II: Harbour porpoises Diederichs,A.; Hennig, V.; Nehls, G. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Noise Birds, Marine Mammals
Effects of Wind Farm Foundations on the Water Exchange between North Sea and Baltic Sea - A First Careful Assessment Derived from the QuantAS-Off Project Burchard, H.; Hüttmann, F.; Janssen, F.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Statistical Modeling of North Atlantic Right Whale Migration along the Mid-Atlantic Region of the Eastern Seaboard of the United States Firestone, J.; Lyons, S.; Wang, C.; et al. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Offshore Wind-Farms OSPAR Commission Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Marine Mammal Noise Exposure Criteria: Initial Scientific Recommendations Southall, B.; Bowles, A.; Ellison, W.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Seascapes of Fear: Evaluating Sublethal Predator Effects Experienced and Generated by Marine Mammals Wirsing, A.; Heithaus, M.; Frid, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Echolocation in Marine Mammals Au, W.; Hastings, M. Book Chapter Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Dynamics of Scour Pits and Scour Protection - Synthesis Report and Recommendations Whitehouse, R.; Harris, J.; Rees, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Scroby Sands Offshore Wind Farm: Seal Monitoring: Analysis of the 2006 post-construction aerial surveys and summary of the monitoring programme results from 2002-2006 Skeate, E.; Perrow, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Marine Mammals
Behavioural Reactions of Free-Ranging Porpoises and Seals to the Noise of a Simulated 2 MW Windpower Generator Koschinski, S.; Culik, B.; Henriksen, O.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Environmental Impact of the ATOC/Pioneer Seamount Submarine Cable Kogan, I.; Paull, C.; Kuhnz, L.; et al. Report Habitat Change Physical Environment
Auditory and Behavioral Responses of California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) to Single Underwater Impulses from an Arc-Gap Transducer Finneran, J.; Dear, R.; Carder, D.; et al. Journal Article Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Wake Effects on Middelgrund Windfarm Jørgensen, H.; Frandsen, S.; Vølund, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Marine Wind Farms and Cetaceans Doleman, S.; Simmonds, M.; Keith, S. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Assessment of Sub-Sea Acoustic Noise and Vibration from Offshore Wind Turbines and its Impact on Marine Wildlife; Initial Measurements of Underwater Noise during Construction of Offshore Windfarms, and Comparison with Background Noise Nedwell, J.; Langworthy, J.; Howell, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Short-Term Effects of the Construction of Wind Turbines on Harbour Porpoises at Horns Reef Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J.; Hendriksen, O.; et al. Report Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Offshore Wind Turbine Wakes Measured by Sodar Barthelmie, J.; Fokerts, L.; Ormel, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
A Digital Acoustic Recording Tag for Measuring the Response of Wild Marine Mammals to Sound Johnson, M.; Tyack, P. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Movements of Seals from Rødsand Seal Sanctuary Monitored by Satellite Telemetry Dietz, R.; Teilmann, J.; Henriksen, O.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
U.S. West Coast Groundfish Bottom Trawl Survey NOAA Fisheries Website Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Atlas of Cetacean distribution in north-west European waters Reid, J.; Evans, P.; Northridge, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals

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