The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
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The use of seal scarers as a protective mitigation measure can induce hearing impairment in harbour porpoises | Schaffeld, T.; Ruser, A.; Woelfing, B.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Climate change impacts on renewable energy generation. A review of quantitative projections | Solaun, K.; Cerda, E. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change | ||
Evaluation of the near future wave energy resources in the Black Sea under two climate scenarios | Rusu, L. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Human Dimensions, Climate Change | ||
Reducing offshore pile driving noise: Modification of the hammer impulse | Klages, E.; Von Pein, J.; Lippert, S.; et al. | Conference Paper | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Adaptive surface distortions for torque ripple control in vertical-axis wind turbines | Erfort, G.; von Backström, T.; Venter, G. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Second Annual Report Fourth Interim Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
Local support for renewable energy technologies? Attitudes towards local near-shore wind farms among second home owners and permanent area residents on the Danish coast | Johansen, K. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Measuring responses of harbour seals to potential aversive acoustic mitigation signals using controlled exposure behavioural response studies | Gordon, J.; Blight, C.; Bryant, E.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
A 30-year projection of the future wind energy resources in the coastal environment of the Black Sea | Rusu, E. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change | ||
Improving visual biodiversity assessments of motile fauna in turbid aquatic environments | Jones, R.; Griffin, R.; Rees, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | ||
Study of the currentology of Moroccan facades and assessment of the marine energy potential for the fight against the impact of climate changes | Hariss, S.; Saifaoui, D.; Hilmi, K.; et al. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Ocean Current, OTEC, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change | ||
Wildlife and Wind Farms - Conflicts and Solutions, Volume 4. Offshore: Monitoring and Mitigation | Perrow, M. | Book | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment for Onshore Windfarm Siting in Greece | Vagiona, D.; Karapangiotiduou, X. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Effect of Pile-Driving Playback Sound Level on Fish-Catching Efficiency in Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) | Kastelein, R.; Huijser, L.; Cornelisse, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
The Dynamic Ocean: Offshore Wind Energy and Other Activities in the New York Bight | New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change, Noise | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Navigation | |
Economic and sustainability promises of wind energy considering the impacts of climate change and vulnerabilities to extreme conditions | Zhang, D.; Xu, Z.; Li, C.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Social & Economic Data | ||
Determining the impact of pile-driving activity on the spatio-temporal distribution of Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the Belgian Part of the North Sea | Piesinger, G. | Thesis | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Harbour porpoise responses to pile-driving diminish over time | Graham, I.; Merchant, N.; Farcas, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
PHAROS4MPAs: A Review of Solutions to Avoid and Mitigate Environmental Impacts of Offshore Windfarms | Defingou, M.; Bils, F.; Horchler, B.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Effects of noise-mitigated offshore pile driving on harbour porpoise abundance in the German Bight 2014-2016 (Gescha 2) | Rose, A.; Brandt, M.; Vilela, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Recycling offshore wind farms at decommissioning stage | Topham, E.; McMillan, D.; Bradley, S.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions | ||
Effect of impact pile driving noise on marine mammals: A comparison of different noise exposure criteria | Stober, U.; Thomsen, F. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds | |
Vitamine ENA: A framework for the development of ecosystem-based indicators for decision makers | Safi, G.; Giebels, D.; Arroyo, N.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Minimizing wildlife impacts for offshore wind energy development: Winning tradeoffs for seabirds in space and cetaceans in time | Best, B.; Halpin, P. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix P2: Animal Exposure Modelling | Denes, S.; Weirathmueller, M.; Zeddies, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
Performance Characteristics of the NoiseSpotter: An Acoustic Monitoring and Localization System | Raghukumar, K.; Chang, G.; Spada, F.; et al. | Conference Paper | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
State of the Sector 2019: Economic Benefits for Wales | Marine Energy Wales | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Net Zero - The UK's Contribution to Stopping Global Warming: Committee on Climate Change Report | Smart, G. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Social & Economic Data | ||
Synthesizing expert opinion to assess the at-sea risks to seabirds in the western North Atlantic | Lieske, D.; Tranquilla, L.; Ronconi, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision | Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
Underwater Acoustic Monitoring Data Analyses for the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island | HDR | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector | WWF France | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise | Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
Feeding home ranges of pacific coast feeding group gray whales | Lagerquist, B.; Palacios, D.; Winsor, M.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
A Framework for Studying the Effects of Offshore Wind Development on Marine Mammals and Turtles | Kraus, S.; Kenney, R.; Thomas, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Reptiles | ||
Impact of pile-driving on Hector's dolphin in Lyttelton Harbour, New Zealand | Leunissen, E.; Rayment, W.; Dawson, S. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Construction of the Vineyard Wind Offshore Wind Project | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Effects of impulsive noise on marine mammals: investigating range‐dependent risk | Hastie, G.; Merchant, N.; Götz, T.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals | |
Multi-use of the sea: A wide array of opportunities from site-specific cases across Europe | Bocci, M.; Sangiuliano, S.; Sarretta, A.; et al. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Offshore gas production infrastructure reutilisation for blue energy production | Sedlar, D.; Vulin, D.; Krajačić, G.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions | ||
Pile Driving Noise Reduction Approaches | Wochner, M. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
Best Management Practices for North Atlantic Right Whales During Offshore Wind Energy Construction and Operations Along the U.S. East Coast | Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | ||
Consideration of scales in offshore wind environmental impact assessments | Ryan, K.; Danylchuk, A.; Jordaan, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
Soundscape of an Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) hotspot before windfarm construction in the Pearl River Estuary, China: Do dolphin engage in noise avoidance and passive eavesdropping behavior? | Wang, Z.; Akamatsu, T.; Nowacek, D.; et al. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Noise | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans | |
The interplay between economics, legislative power and social influence examined through a social-ecological framework for marine ecosystems services | Martino, S.; Tett, P.; Kenter, J. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy | Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions | ||
Comparing offshore and onshore wind development considering acceptance costs | Hevia-Koch, P.; Jacobsen, H. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Survey Results, Annex 1: Summer 2016 to Spring 2017 | Jervis, L.; Warford, S.; Goulding, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | ||
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Survey Results of Lease Area OCS-A 0512, Annual Report: November 2017 to October 2018 | Jervis, L.; Warford, S.; Goulding, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Marine Mammals | ||
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summary of Winter 2018-2019 Digital Survey #11 | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals | ||
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Survey Results Equinor Wind US, LLC Annex I: Summer 2016 – Spring 2017 | Jervis, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
European Offshore Wind Deployment Centre Environmental Research & Monitoring Programme Socio-Economic Study | Durning, B.; Glasson, J.; Carnie, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | ||
Improving understanding of bottlenose dolphin movements along the east coast of Scotland (Interim Report 2019) | Arso Civil, M.; Louis, M.; Hague, E.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Marine Mammals, Cetaceans |
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